直径≤2 cm胃癌的淋巴结转移与临床病理特征的关系

目的:探讨肿瘤直径≤2 cm胃癌的淋巴结转移状况及其临床病理特征,为制定合理治疗方案提供依据.方法:对手术证实的453例肿瘤直径(最大径)≤2 cm的胃癌的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析,对患者年龄、性别、肿瘤组织学类型、形态学类型、大小、部位、浸润深度、脉管内癌栓等临床病理特征与淋巴结转移的关系进行单因素与多因素分析.结果:453例直径≤2 cm的胃癌中早期胃癌255例、进展期胃癌198例;淋巴结转移率分别为11.8%和46.0%(P=0.000 1);3.5%的早期胃癌与7.6%的进展期胃癌可见脉管内癌栓(P=0.034 1).影响肿瘤直径≤2 cm的胃癌淋巴结转移的主要因素有肿瘤组织学类型、大小、浸润深度与脉管内癌栓等,Logistic回归分析显示肿瘤组织学类型、浸润深度与脉管内癌栓是肿瘤直径≤2 cm的胃癌淋巴结转移的独立危险因素.分层分析显示肿瘤大小、浸润深度与脉管内癌栓是直径≤2 cm的早期胃癌淋巴结转移的危险因素;而肿瘤组织学类型与浸润深度则是直径≤2 cm的进展期胃癌淋巴结转移的危险因素.结论:肿瘤直径≤2 cm的胃癌的淋巴结转移与肿瘤组织学类型、浸润深度及脉管内癌栓等因素有关.临床上应参考上述临床病理因素判断淋巴结转移风险,确定肿瘤直径≤2 cm的胃癌手术方案.     

结直肠癌淋巴结转移规律的多因素回归分析

目的:探讨结直肠癌淋巴结转移规律及其影响因素。方法:分类整理武汉大学中南医院1990年1月-2007年12月手术治疗的结直肠癌病人的病历资料1 127例,采用卡方检验及Logistic多因素回归分析方法研究淋巴结转移与临床病理参数之间的相关性。结果:单因素分析显示,患者的性别、肿瘤部位与淋巴结转移无明显相关性。影响淋巴结转移的因素有患者的年龄、肿瘤的大小、肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度和分化程度。40岁以下的年轻结直肠癌患者淋巴结转移率明显高于40岁以上者(P<0.01)。淋巴结转移率随肿瘤直径的增大而增高(P<0.001)。肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度增加,淋巴结转移率增加(P<0.001)。肿瘤的分化程度越低,淋巴结转移率越高(P<0.001)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,结直肠癌淋巴结转移与肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度和肿瘤的分化程度相关,相关因素与淋巴结转移的程度依次为肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度>肿瘤的分化程度,在所选因素中肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度是影响淋巴结转移的最重要因素。结论:结直肠癌淋巴结转移与肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度和分化程度相关,其中肿瘤浸润肠壁的深度是影响淋巴结转移的最重要因素。     

老年早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

目的探讨影响老年早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移的危险因素,为临床选择合理的治疗方案提供理论依据。方法回顾性收集2009年1月1日-2020年10月31日,某院普外科205例行根治性手术治疗的老年早期胃癌患者的临床及病理资料,观察指标包括性别、年龄、胃癌家族史、肿瘤长径、肿瘤部位、大体类型、浸润深度、分化程度、脉管浸润、术前癌胚抗原及术前糖类抗原199。通过单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析,明确各指标与早期胃癌淋巴结转移之间的关系。结果 205例行根治性手术治疗的老年早期胃癌患者,有26例(12.68%)出现淋巴结转移,179例(87.32%)未出现淋巴结转移。单因素分析显示,肿瘤长径(>20mm)、浸润深度(粘膜下层)、分化程度(分化不良)和脉管浸润是老年早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移的影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,肿瘤浸润粘膜下层(OR:16.070,95%CI:1.232～209.658,P=0.034)及脉管浸润(OR:3.334,95%CI:1.228～9.047,P=0.018)是老年早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。结论肿瘤浸润粘膜...     

早期结直肠癌淋巴结转移的危险因素分析

目的:预测T1期结直肠癌(CRC)患者淋巴结转移的危险因素。方法:收集2017年1月～2022年4月弋矶山医院行根治手术治疗且术后病理证实为T1期的CRC患者共87例,应用单因素及多因素回归分析淋巴结转移的危险因素。结果:13例CRC患者发生淋巴结转移,淋巴结转移率为14.9%(13/87)。单因素分析显示,肿瘤分化程度、脉管浸润与早期CRC患者淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,肿瘤分化程度(含低分化)(OR=11.325,95%CI:1.897～67.621)、脉管浸润(OR=6.562,95%CI:1.611～26.725)是早期CRC患者发生淋巴结转移的危险因素(P<0.01)。亚组分析显示,肿瘤分化程度、脉管浸润与T1b期CRC患者淋巴结转移相关(P<0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤分化程度(含低分化)(OR=15.046,95%CI:1.248～181.424)是T1b期CRC发生淋巴结转移的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:肿瘤分化程度(含低分化)、脉管浸润是早期CRC淋巴结转移的危险因素。低分...     

进展期胃癌患者第二站淋巴结转移的相关临床病理因素及预后研究

目的探讨进展期胃癌患者第二站淋巴结(N2)转移的临床病理因素及其对预后的影响。方法回顾性分析283例进展期胃癌患者的相关临床病理资料,并对其随访结果进行整理和分析。结果进展期胃癌N2淋巴结转移与Bormann分型、肿瘤部位、胃癌直径、浸润深度、手术方式以及腹膜转移等有关(P<0.05);多因素分析显示,进展期胃癌N2淋巴结转移独立危险因素是浸润深度(P<0.01)和腹膜转移(P<0.01),N2淋巴结转移情况很大程度上决定了手术治疗方案;伴有N2淋巴结转移患者术后1、3、5年生存率分别为76%、47%和12%,而无N2淋巴结转移患者分别为98%、79%和35%,两组间生存率差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论进展期胃癌患者伴N2淋巴结转移预示疾病预后差,恶性程度高;而浸润深度和腹膜转移是进展期胃癌N2淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。     

混合型早期胃癌淋巴结转移危险因素分析

目的:探讨中-低分化混合型早期胃癌淋巴结转移的相关危险因素,明确目前内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)的治疗标准是否适用于该型胃癌。方法:收集268例中-低分化型早期胃癌的临床病理资料,单因素及多因素回归分析淋巴结转移与临床病理特征的相关性。结果:中-低分化型早期胃癌的淋巴结转移率为24.6%;单因素分析显示,淋巴结转移与肿瘤大小(P=0.002)、组织学类型(P=0.013)、浸润深度(P=0.000)及脉管浸润(P=0.000)有关;多因素回归分析显示,肿瘤直径>3 cm(OR=5.193,95%CI:1.446～18.649)、低分化为主(OR=3.000,95%CI:1.317～6.836)和脉管浸润(OR=6.394,95%CI:2.444～16.728)是淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。亚组分析显示,中分化为主、肿瘤≤3 cm,无溃疡和脉管浸润的黏膜内癌,淋巴结转移率低。结论:中分化为主、肿瘤≤3 cm、无溃疡和脉管浸润的中-低分化型黏膜内癌,淋巴结转移风险小,可考虑行ESD治疗。     

进展期胃癌No.8p组淋巴结转移相关临床病理参数分析

目的 探讨进展期胃癌D2根治术中No.8p淋巴结转移与临床病理参数的相关性.方法 回顾性分析安徽医科大学附属六安医院2018年1月至2020年12月70例进展期胃癌患者的临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析肿瘤大小、发生部位、组织类型、组织学分级、Borrmann分型、浸润深度、肿瘤N分期、No.8a组淋巴结转移情况与No.8p组淋巴结转移的关系.结果 No.8p组淋巴结转移率为11.43％.单因素分析显示,病灶位于胃大弯侧和小弯侧、低分化和高中分化、浸润型和局限型、No.8a组淋巴结转移与否之间,No.8p组淋巴结转移情况差异存在统计学意义(P<0.05).logistic多因素分析显示,肿瘤位于小弯侧、低分化、No.8a组淋巴结转移,No.8p组淋巴结转移的危险因素(P<0.05).结论 进展期胃癌No.8p组淋巴结转移率较高,肿瘤位于小弯侧、低分化、No.8a组淋巴结转移时需重视No.8p组淋巴结转移.     

胃癌肝转移危险因素的相关性分析

目的分析胃癌肝转移和无肝转移患者的临床病理因素,确立临床病理因素与胃癌肝转移的关系。方法回顾性分析2002～2008年收治的胃癌发生肝转移和非肝转移的患者各78例的临床病理资料,对胃癌肝转移的可能危险因素采用Logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果显示胃癌的临床病理分期、大体类型、分化程度、浸润深度、脉管浸润、肿瘤直径和淋巴结转移与胃癌肝转移有关,通过Logistic回归模型多因素分析显示大体类型(P=0.003,OR=6.198)和脉管浸润(P=0.026,OR=2.571)是胃癌肝转移最重要的影响因素。结论胃癌发生肝转移可能与肿瘤的大体类型、脉管浸润、分化程度、肿瘤直径、淋巴结转移、浸润深度和临床病理分期有关。     

右半结肠癌患者回肠周围淋巴结转移特点的临床分析

目的探讨右半结肠癌患者回肠周围淋巴结的转移特点及相关危险因素。方法回顾性分析2012年1月～2018年6月我院收治的259例右半结肠癌患者的临床病理资料,对回肠周围淋巴结转移的相关危险因素进行统计学分析。结果本研究中总淋巴结转移率为44.0%(114/259),而回肠周围淋巴结总体转移率仅为5.0%,其中盲肠部位肿瘤的回肠周围淋巴结转移率为14.3%。单因素分析显示回肠周围淋巴结转移状态在肿瘤位置(P0.001)、肿瘤分化程度(P=0.013)、TNM分期(P0.001)、N分期(P0.001)、脉管侵犯情况(P=0.001)等因素的差异有统计学意义。Logistic回归分析显示盲肠部位的肿瘤其回肠周围淋巴结转移风险是其他部位肿瘤的6.97倍(P=0.001,95%CI:2.246～21.626),且N分期为回肠周围淋巴结转移的独立危险因素。结论回肠周围淋巴结在右半结肠癌中转移率较低,与其他部位的右半结肠癌相比,盲肠癌有较高的回肠周围淋巴结转移率;高N分期的右半结肠癌患者有较高的回肠周围淋巴结转移率。     

胃癌淋巴转移相关临床病理因素分析

目的分析胃癌淋巴转移的相关临床病理因素。方法采用单因素分析和多因素分析方法回顾性分析132例胃癌手术患者的临床病理资料与淋巴结转移的关系。结果 132例胃癌中,共检出淋巴结3 641枚,淋巴结转移率为20.10%(732/3 641);单因素分析发现,患者年龄、肿瘤大小、肿瘤浸润深度、脉管内癌栓、肿瘤细胞分型和癌组织Cerb-B2表达等均与淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05),多因素分析显示,肿瘤浸润深度是影响淋巴结转移的独立因素;T3分期的淋巴结转移率分别高于T2、T1分期(P<0.01),并且,pN3分期中,T3期的淋巴结转移率也明显高于T1、T2期(P<0.01),而其pN2期中淋巴结转移率与T1期相比明显升高(P<0.05)。结论胃癌胃壁浸润深度是影响淋巴结转移的主要因素,术中判断肿瘤是否侵出浆膜可能为选择合理手术方式提供依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.