湿热环境下Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠施行冷却疗法后体核温度的改变

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in rectal temperature (Tr) after immediate cooling therapy for Wistar rats with superficial second-degree scald burn in hot and humid environment, and evaluate the effect of the dressing material for cooling. METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6), namely normal temperature control (NTC), normal temperature cooling therapy (NTCT), hot and humid control (HHC), and hot and humid cooling therapy (HHCT) groups. Superficial second-degree scald burns were induced in the rats, followed by interventions with cooling therapy in the two therapy groups at dry bulb temperature (Tdb) of 35.33+/-0.35 degrees Celsius with relative humidity of 70.81%+/-1.38%, whereas the two control groups were treated at Tdb of 26.33+/-1.29 degrees Celsius with relative humidity of 71.05%+/-4.57% without dressing for cooling therapy. The exposure time of each group was 120 min, and the Tr was recorded every 20 min. RESULTS: On the basis of comparisons between the measurements taken at 7 different time points, we found that the Tr of the rats was elevated in hot and humid environment (P<0.001) and decreased when cooling therapy was applied (P<0.001). Interactions between the environmental temperature and cooling therapy were noted in their influence on Tr (P=0.003). As the exposure time was prolonged, Tr slowly decreased in NTC group, mildly fluctuated in NTCT group, but elevated in HHC and HHCT groups with gradual increase of the differences between the measurements taken at the same time point. CONCLUSION: Application of the dressing material on the abdomen for cooling therapy can efficiently lower the Tr, which may prevent the progression of the heat injury.     

湿热环境下Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠施行冷却疗法后皮肤温度的改变

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in skin temperature after cooling therapy immediate following superficial second-degree scald injury in Wistar rats in a hot and humid environment, and evaluate the effect of the dressing materials for the cooling therapy. METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal temperature control (NTC), normal temperature cooling therapy (NCT), hot and humid control (HHC), and hot and humid cooling therapy (HCT) groups (n=6). Different interventions were applied to the scalded rats: dry bulb temperature (Tdb) of 26.33+/-1.29 degree with a relative humidity (rh) of 71.05%+/-4.57% for the two normal temperature groups, and Tdb 35.33+/-0.35 degree with rh of 70.81%+/-1.38% for the two hot and humid environment groups. The dressing materials for the cooling therapy were applied to the two cooling therapy groups but not for the two control groups. The exposure time for the therapy was 125 min, and the skin temperature was measured every 20 min, starting from 5 min after the scald. RESULTS: The skin temperature rose in hot and humid environment and decreased when cold therapy was applied (P<0.001). Interactions were found between the exposure time and environmental temperature (P<0.002), between the exposure time and cooling therapy (P<0.05), and between these 3 factors (P<0.05) to influence the skin temperature, which was 1.92+/-2.13 degrees Celsius lower in NCT group than in NTC group, and 2.36+/-1.03 degrees Celsius lower in HCT group than in HHC group. CONCLUSION: The dressing materials for cooling therapy effectively reduce the skin temperature at the site of the scald injury to prevent the progression of heat-induced injury and the unfavorable effects of the heat remaining on the scalded skin.     

湿热环境下Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠施行冷却疗法后皮肤温度的改变

目的 观察大鼠浅Ⅱ度烫伤创面即刻施行冷疗后,在湿热环境下皮肤温度的变化。同时,评价冷疗敷料方法的降温效果。方法 24只Wistar大鼠,随机分成4组,即常温常湿对照组(常对组)、常温常湿冷疗组(常冷组)、湿热对照组(高对组)和湿热冷疗组(高冷组),每组6只。制作浅Ⅱ度烫伤模型后分别采取不同的干预条件,常温组的实验环境条件为干球温度(Tdb)(26.33±1.29)℃、相对湿度(rh)(71.05±4.57)%,湿热组的实验环境条件为Tdb(35.33±0.35)℃,rh(70.81±1.38)%,对照组不给予冷疗降温,冷疗组给予腹部冷疗敷料降温,暴露时间均为125min。监测皮肤温度(Ts),烫伤5min后每20min记录1次。结果 4组组内7个时间水平之间、不同时间水平组间以及不同组间比较,湿热环境使Ts升高(P<0.001),冷疗使Ts降低(P<0.001),且时间与环境温度(P≤0.002)、时间与冷疗(P<0.05)、时间、环境温度与冷疗对Ts变化影响有交互作用(P<0.05)。常温组冷疗前后Ts降低了(1.92±2.13)℃,湿热组Ts降低了(2.36±1.03)℃。结论 在湿热环境下,腹部冷疗敷料有效降低了大鼠创面皮肤温度,阻止了热损伤的进程和创面余热的不良作用。     

冷却疗法对湿热环境下Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠的心率和平均动脉压的影响

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure MAP after immediate cooling therapy (ICT) in rats with superficial second-degree scald burn in hot and humid environment, and assess the effect of the cooling dressing materials. METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomized equally into 4 groups including normal temperature control (NTC) group, normal temperature cooling therapy (NCT) group, hot and humid control (HHC) group and hot and humid cooling therapy (HCT) group. Different interventions were applied as indicated in the rats with superficial second-degree scald burn, with the dry bulb temperature Tdb at 26.33+/-1.29 degrees celsius; and relative humidity (rh) of 71.05%+/-4.57% for two normal temperature groups, and Tdb at 35.33+/-0.35 degrees Celsius; and rh of 70.81%+/-1.38% for the two hot and humid groups. The exposure time was 120 min in NCT and HCT groups, and the HR and MAP were measured every 20 min. RESULTS: MAP is not influenced by environmental temperature and the cooling therapy (P>0.05), whereas HR was higher in HHC than in NTC group and also in HCT than in NCT group (P=0.003), lower in HCT and NCT groups than in HHC and NTC groups (P=0.002), respectively. HR did not undergo any significant changes during the observation in the 4 groups (P>0.05). HR was higher in HHC and HCT than in NTC and NCT groups at 65, 85, 105 and 125 min after the burns, but compared with the two control groups, cooling therapy decreased HR at 5, 25, 45 and 85 min. CONCLUSION: Cooling therapy does not affect MAP but efficiently decreases HR, which may prevent further heat injury.     

冷却疗法对湿热环境下Ⅱ度烫伤大鼠的心率和平均动脉压的影响

目的 观察湿热环境下大鼠浅Ⅱ度烫伤创面即刻施行冷疗后心率(HR)及平均动脉压(MAP)的改变,并评价冷疗敷料的降温效果。方法 将24只Wistar大鼠随机分成4组,即常温常湿组、常温常湿冷疗组、湿热组和湿热冷疗组,每组6只。制作浅Ⅱ度烫伤模型后分别采取不同的干预条件,常温环境的实验条件为干球温度(Tdb)(26.33±1.29)℃、相对湿度(rh)(71.05±4.57)%,湿热环境的实验条件为Tdb(35.33±0.35)℃,rh(70.81±1.38)%。常温常湿组和湿热组不给予冷疗降温,常温常湿冷疗组和湿热冷疗组给予腹部冷疗敷料降温,暴露时间均为120 min。连续监测HR、MAP,每20 min记录1次。结果 湿热组比常温常湿组、湿热冷疗组比常温常湿冷疗组MAP无差异(P>0.05),湿热冷疗组比湿热组、常温常湿冷疗组比常温常湿组MAP无差异(P>0.05)。与常温相比,湿热环境使HR总体趋于增加(P=0.003),与对照组比较,冷疗使HR降低(P=0.002);4组组内7个不同时点HR差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);在65、85、105和125 min时点,湿热组比常温常湿组、湿热冷疗组比常温常湿冷疗组HR高,在5、25、45和85 min时点,与对照组相比,冷疗降低了HR。结论 在湿热环境下,腹部冷疗敷料降温对大鼠MAP无影响,但却有效降低了大鼠HR,阻止了热损伤的进程。     

糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面成纤维细胞生物学行为的改变

目的研究糖尿病深Ⅱ度烫伤对真皮成纤维细胞(FB)生物学行为的影响。方法以链脲菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病的深Ⅱ度10%TBSA烫伤大鼠模型,观察创面愈合情况。流式细胞术检测真皮组织中FB细胞周期;TUNEL法检测FB凋亡;伤后0、3、7、21d检测皮肤组织的羟脯氨酸含量。结果糖尿病大鼠深二度烫伤后愈合延迟,糖尿病组烫伤后进入S期的成纤维细胞数量明显低于正常组(P<0.01,P<0.05),创面凋亡细胞数量高于正常组(P<0.01,P<0.05);烫伤前和烫伤后糖尿病组皮肤组织单位面积羟脯氨酸含量均低于正常大鼠(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论在糖尿病病理状态下,皮肤损伤后主要的修复细胞FB增殖异常,凋亡增多,胶原含量减少,可能是创面修复延迟的原因之一。     

糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面成纤维细胞生物学行为的改变

目的 研究糖尿病深Ⅱ度烫伤对真皮成纤维细胞(FB)生物学行为的影响.方法 以链脲菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病的深Ⅱ度10%TBSA烫伤大鼠模型,观察创面愈合情况.流式细胞术检测真皮组织中FB细胞周期;TUNEL法检测FB凋亡;伤后0、3、7、21 d检测皮肤组织的羟脯氨酸含量.结果 糖尿病大鼠深二度烫伤后愈合延迟,糖尿病组烫伤后进入S期的成纤维细胞数量明显低于正常组(P<0.01,P<0.05),创面凋亡细胞数量高于正常组(P<0.01,P<0.05);烫伤前和烫伤后糖尿病组皮肤组织单位面积羟脯氨酸含量均低于正常大鼠(P<0.01,P<0.05).结论 在糖尿病病理状态下,皮肤损伤后主要的修复细胞FB增殖异常,凋亡增多,胶原含量减少,可能是创面修复延迟的原因之一.     

手术室积极保暖护理对剖宫产产妇体核温度及温度舒适性的影响

目的 探讨手术室积极保暖护理对剖宫产产妇体核温度及温度舒适性的影响.方法 选择80例于吉安县中医院行剖宫产手术的产妇作为研究对象,随机将其分为2组各40例.对照组行常规保温护理,基于此观察组接受手术室积极保暖护理,比较2组产妇体核温度及温度舒适性.结果 与对照组相比,观察组干预15 min、30 min以及60 min...     

中药烧伤油对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合的作用

目的:探讨中药烧伤油对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合的影响.方法:制备深Ⅱ度大鼠背部皮肤圆形创面,直径2.5cm,共3个,行同体对照实验.分别外用烧伤油,磺胺嘧啶锌软膏和基质软膏,1次/d.观察创面愈合情况,留取不同时相的创面组织,进行组织病理学检查,创面羟脯氨酸含量检测,ELISA法测定创面Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比例和流式细胞仪测定创面真皮成纤维细胞周期.结果:外用烧伤油使创面肿胀和渗出减轻,无感染迹象及创面愈合时间缩短.病理形态学观察发现烧伤油组创面的局部组织炎症反应较轻,愈后表皮各层分化良好.羟脯氨酸和Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原测定显示烧伤油能促进创面胶原增生,减轻瘢痕增生.创面真皮成纤维细胞周期提示烧伤油能促进真皮成纤维细胞增殖.结论:中药烧伤油对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面具有保护和促进愈合的作用.     

EGF对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面成纤维细胞的影响

目的探讨鼠表皮生长因子(epidermal growth factor, EGF)对大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面成纤维细胞的影响. 方法采用流式细胞仪测定成纤维细胞的细胞周期,透射电镜观察成纤维细胞的形态, HE染色观察肉芽组织范围以了解成纤维细胞的功能变化. 结果应用EGF组和对照组大鼠分别于用药后第3、6d有成纤维细胞增殖活性的增加,后又迅速恢复近正常水平,电镜下可见用药组大鼠成纤维细胞明显增生迹象;两组大鼠在肉芽组织范围及肉眼观察创面愈合天数上无明显不同. 结论按临床常规用药方法,EGF可在一定时相内增加成纤维细胞增殖活性,但对创面愈合并未产生明显影响.     

湿热环境下运动前后人体的改变血液流变学

目的 研究湿热环境下运动前后人体血液流变学的改变情况。方法 选取90名南沙巡防区战士,分成老兵组、新兵组、新兵服药组(口服乌拉地尔片剂)3组,在湿热环境下20min内跑步3000m,抽血测定跑步前后的血液流变学的改变。结果 跑步前后3组之间血液流变学指标均有显著差别,但跑步后3组之间改变的幅度不一样,其中新兵组幅度最大,老兵组其次,新兵服药组幅度最小,而3组之间的血浆指标无显著差别。结论 湿热环境下运动对人体血液流变学的影响较大,新、老兵在此环境下出现的耐受和适应情况不同,口服乌拉地尔片剂可以降低和减少运动前后的血液流变学指标改变幅度。     

高温高湿环境下猫颅脑火器伤后细菌生长特点

目的研究高温高湿环境下猫颅脑火器伤后创面及周围组织细菌生长特点。方法杂种猫23只随机分为常温枪伤对照组(伤后立即取材,A组)、常温枪伤组(伤后6 h取材,B组)、高温高湿枪伤组(伤后6 h取材,C组)和空白对照组(D组),分别取创面及周围组织进行细菌培养并计数。结果A、B、C组其创面组织、伤道壁5 mm内组织、伤道壁5~10 mm内组织细菌含量无统计学差异(P>0.05),各组内随着离伤道距离的增加细菌含量减少(P<0.01)。3组创面组织、伤道壁5 mm内组织细菌含量与D组比较差异显著(P<0.01)。结论高温高湿环境对颅脑火器伤6 h内的细菌生长情况无显著影响,颅脑火器伤后6 h内细菌繁殖未进入高速增长期,进行清创仍是安全的。     

高温高湿环境颅脑火器伤后兔脑p38MAPK变化

OBJECTIVE: To study the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the brain of rabbits after craniocerebral gunshot injury in a hot and humid environment (HHE) and explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: Craniocerebral gunshot injury model was established in 30 New Zealand white rabbits, which were subsequently exposed to environment of normal temperature (at 22.0% +/- 0.5 degrees C; with relative humidity of 50%) or HHE at 39.0 +/- 0.5 degrees C; with relative humidity of 80%-85% for 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 1.5 h, and 2 h groups, respectively, with 5 rabbits in each group. p38 MAPK activity in the brain tissues of the rabbits following the injury and environmental exposure were detected by Western blotting and analyzed semi-quantitatively by Bio-Profil gel image analysis system. RESULTS: p38 MAPK activity in the cortex and hypothalamus was significantly elevated following gunshot injury and HHE exposure, reaching the peak level at 1 h of HHE exposure and then decreased. p38 MAPK activity was significantly higher in the hypothalamus than in the cortex. CONCLUSION: p38 MAPK activity increases in the early stage following craniocerebral gunshot injury and HHE exposure in rabbits, the mechanism of which might involve the secondary brain insult.     

高温高湿环境颅脑火器伤后兔脑p38MAPK变化

目的 研究p38MAPK在高温高湿环境下颅脑火器伤后活化及其原因。方法 采用高温高湿颅脑枪伤模型,新西兰大白兔30只,随机分成常温[(22.0±0.5)℃、RH50%]对照组,高温高湿[(39.0±0.5)℃、RH80%~85%]枪伤后受热10和30min,1h、1.5h、2h组,每组5只。采用Westernblot检测脑匀浆p38MAPK活性,应用化学发光和X线片显示,凝胶图像分析仪半定量分析。结果 颅脑枪伤受高温高湿环境作用脑皮质和下丘脑的p38MAPK的活性受湿热后迅速增高,于受热1h达高峰,随后下降。下丘脑的p38MAPK活性比脑皮质高。结论 高温高湿环境颅脑火器伤后p38MAPK活性早期明显升高,参与了脑的继发性损害过程。     

高温高湿环境下负压伤口疗法对创面组织水肿及病理学变化的影响

目的探讨高温高湿环境下局部负压伤口治疗对兔创面组织水肿及病理变化的影响。方法以兔背部皮肤全层皮肤缺损的急性创面为模型,将24只创伤兔随机分为常温对照组、常温实验组、高温对照组、高温实验组,每组6只。实验组给予局部负压伤口治疗,对照组用纱布覆盖,不给予负压引流,在创伤后0、4、6 h分别通过光镜对创面组织病理形态学进行观察及用干湿法对各组动物的创面组织含水率检测。结果高温组较相应的常温组创面的组织含水率高（P〈0.05）、病理变化严重,实验组较相应的对照组创面的组织含水率低（P〈0.05）、病理变化轻。结论高温高湿创面肌肉组织水肿及病理损伤严重,局部负压伤口疗法可以有效减轻创面水肿及组织损伤程度。