紫外分光光度法测定芸香甙-PVP共沉物含量

采用紫外分光光度法测定芸香甙－ＰＶＰ共沉物的含量。测定波长为２５６ｎｍ，测定液浓度在３μｇ／ｍｌ～１８μｇ／ｍｌ范围内，浓度（Ｃ）与吸收度（Ａ）呈良好的线性关系，ｒ＝０．９９８３，平均回收率为９９．８３％，ＲＳＤ＝０．１７％（ｎ＝６）。该法简便，样液稳定，赋形剂对测定无干扰     

日本血吸虫多价分子疫苗的制备及其抗原性的研究

为了制备足量、高纯度的供血吸虫保护性免疫力研究的多价分子疫苗。通过制备型ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和电渗方法从日本血吸虫成虫分离纯化出２８ＫＤ，３１／３２ＫＤ及９７ＫＤ蛋白。经ＢＣＡ法检测蛋白含量，ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测蛋白纯度和分子量，Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ及ＥＬＩＳＡ检测其抗原活性。结果日本血吸虫成虫２８ＫＤ，３１／３２ＫＤ及９７ＫＤ三种纯化蛋白经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ检测均为单一条带并与所分离的蛋白分子量相符；其蛋白含量分别为０．３５ｍｇ／ｍｌ，０．４ｍｇ／ｍｌ和０．３ｍｇ／ｍｌ；Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ－ｂｌｏｔ均为单一反应区带；ＥＬＩＳＡ反应滴度分别为１∶６４０、１∶１２８０和１∶３２０。结果说明，由制备型ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ和电渗析方法制备的日本血吸虫成虫２８ＫＤ，３１／３２ＫＤ及９７ＫＤ蛋白多价分子疫苗，具有纯度高、制备快、回收率高等优点，且不影响所纯化的抗原活性     

可溶性白介素—2受体在肾移植病人中的意义

用多抗－单抗夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ检测了４２例肾移植病３人手术前后血清可溶性白介素－２受体（ＳＩＬ－２４）水平，并监测了术后病人血清ＳＩＬ－２４、ＢＵＮ、Ｃｒ的动态变化。结果显示，术前血清ｓＩＬ－２４继续下降至２７２．６３±２４３．３５Ｕ／ｍｌ，术后第３ｄ下降为３４０．２１±２０５．３５Ｕ／ｍｌ，术后肾功能稳定恢复ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ下降至２７２．６３±２００．５３Ｕ／ｍｌ，而肾功能恢复不良，血清ＳＩＬ－２Ｒ     

人血清载脂蛋白A_（－Ⅰ）放射免疫分析

从人血清中提纯载脂蛋白Ａ－Ⅰ（ａｐｏＡ－Ⅰ），制备抗ａｐｏＡ－Ⅰ抗血清，采用氯胺Ｔ法制备１２５Ｉ－ａｐｏＡ－Ⅰ，以平衡法建立ａｐｏＡ－ⅠＲＩＡ．灵敏度为５１μｇ／Ｌ，检测范围０．１～１２．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，批内ＣＶ６．２％，批间ＣＶ７．０％，效应误差关系０．０１９，回收率均值为９８．９％，与人血清低密度脂蛋白交叉反应率小于０．０９５％．９９例正常男、女性血清ａｐｏＡ－Ⅰ浓度分别为１．４５±０．１８ｇ／Ｌ（±ｓ）和１．４２±０．１９ｇ／Ｌ，无明显性别差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）．     

阳江高本底地区居民中免疫水平与对病毒免疫反应的研究

探讨在天然高本底电离辐射作用下机体的免疫水平与对病毒的免疫反应。方法利用单克隆抗体ＡＰＡＡＰ法检测白细胞介素－２分泌细胞（ＩＬ－２ＳＣ）；利用间接免疫酶法检测抗ＥＢ病毒抗原抗体水平（ＶＣＡ／ＩｇＡ，ＶＣＡ／ＩｇＧ，ＥＡ／ＩｇＡ，ＥＡ／ＩｇＧ）；采用酶标免疫吸附沉淀法检测乙型肝炎（ＨＢＶ）表面抗原（ＨＢｓＡｇ），表面抗原抗体（ＨＢｓＡｂ）和核心抗体（ＨＢｃＡｂ）。结果高本底地区（ＨＢＲＡ）居民外周血淋巴细胞ＩＬ－２ＳＣ频数显著高于对照（ＣＡ）；ＶＣＡ／ＩｇＡ、ＶＣＡ／ＩｇＧ、ＥＡ／ＩｇＧ抗体水平均高于ＣＡ，但仅ＶＣＡ／ＩｇＧ抗体滴度水平存在差异显著性，两地区ＶＣＡ／ＩｇＡ≥１５阳性检出率均显著高于广东地区的平均水平；ＨＢＶ感染率与ＨＢｓＡｂ阳性率为ＨＢＲＡ高于ＣＡ（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论提示长期低水平电离辐射作用机体免疫功能有增强的趋势。     

人血清载脂蛋白A—I放射免疫分析

从人血清中提纯载脂蛋白Ａ－Ｉ（ａｐｏＡ－Ｉ），制备抗ａｐｏＡ－Ｉ抗血清，采用氯胺Ｔ法制备＾１２５Ｉ－ａｐｏＡ－Ｉ，以平衡法建立ａｐｏＡ－ＩＲＩＡ。灵敏度为５１μｇ／Ｌ，检测范围０．１￣１２．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，批内ＣＶ６．２％，批间ＣＶ７．０，效应误差关系０．０１９，回收率均值为９８．９％，与人血清低密度脂蛋白交叉反应率小于０．０９５％。９９例正常男、女性血清ａｐｏＡ－Ｉ浓度分别为１．４５±０．１８ｇ／Ｌ     

G-CSF减轻大鼠下肢缺血再灌注致肺功能损伤的实验研究

目的：研究重组粒细胞集落刺激因子（Ｇ－ＣＳＦ）对大鼠下肢缺血再灌注所致肺功能损伤的治疗作用。方法：雄性ＳＤ大鼠随机分３组,手术组及给药组麻醉后开腹解剖口主动脉．在肾动脉水平远端阻断１２０ｍｉｎ,开放、再灌注 １２０ ｍｉｎ;假手术组不阻断腹主动脉,余同手术组。３组均于术前经舌静脉注入伊文氏蓝（Ｅｖａｎ’ｓ ｂｌｕｅ ｄｇｅ） ３０ ｍｇ／ｋｇ;给药组术前经尾赢脉注入Ｇ－ＣＳＦ ２０μｇ／ｋｇ．余二组给予生理盐水１ｍｌ。术后取肺组织测定丙二醛（ｍａｌｏｎｒｌｄｉａｄｅｈｙｄｅ,ＭＤＡ）及伊文氏蓝含量。结果：给药组ＭＤＡ含量为（１．７１±０．３４）ｎｍｏｌ／ｍｇ,假手术组为（ｌ．７３±０．６５）ｎｍｏｌ／ｍｇ,均显著低于手术组〔（２．５４±０．３９）ｎｍｏｌ／ｍｇ］。 给药组伊文氏蓝含量为（１．５０±０．２９）μｇ／ｍｇ．假手术组为（０．１３±０．０７）μｇ／ｍｇ,均显著低于手术组［（（３．０７±１．１８）μｇ／ｍｇ］．结论：Ｇ－ＣＳＦ有减轻大鼠下肢缺血再灌注所致肺功能损伤的作用。     

脂多糖刺激肺血管内巨噬细胞环氧合酶-2表达的意义

探讨脂多糖（ＬＰＳ）对肺血管内巨噬细胞（ＰＩＭ）环氧合酶－２（ＣＯＸ－２）的作用及意义。方法改良法分离、培养猪ＰＩＭ，以ＬＰＳ（１０μｇ／ｍｌ）刺激，反转录滞麦链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）检测ＣＯＸ－２ｍＲＮＡ的变化；经染色法观察ＣＯＸ－２酶蛋白的改变；放射免疫分析法（ＲＩＡ）测定前列腺素Ｅ２）（ＰＧＥ２）变化，以间接显示ＣＯＸ活性的改变。结果ＬＰＳ刺激后，ＰＩＭ ＣＯＸ－２ｍＲＮＡ和酶蛋白表达ＰＧＥ２     

哮喘患者血清癌胚抗原的变化及其临床意义

用放免法检测了５３例哮喘患者血清癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）水平。结果，哮喘发作期组（９．９１±３．５４ｎｇ／ｍｌ）显著高于缓解期组（７．２９±２．７６ｎｇ／ｍｌ）和正常组（５．１７±２．４３ｎｇ／ｍｌ）。哮喘发作的严重程度与血清ＣＥＡ水平相平行。哮喘发作期血清ＣＥＡ水平与外周血嗜酸细胞计数间存在显著正相关（ｒ＝０．５５７０，Ｐ＜０．０１）。提示血清ＣＥＡ水平在一定程度上可以反映哮喘病情变化和发作程度，并可作为气道炎症的监测指标     

HIV—1多表位膜蛋白在E.coli中的表达及在血清检测中的应用

目的：获得具有较多保守抗原表位的ＨＩＶ－１膜重组抗原，提高ＨＩＶ筛选ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂的质量。方法：利用分子克隆与ＰＣＲ方法，获得了新的ＨＩＶ－１膜重组抗原的基因克隆，编码ｇｐ１２０Ｃ端亲水区３７个氨基酸残基（ｅｎｖ４８２～５１８）以及ｇｐ４１膜外部分的１２８个氨基酸残基（ｅｎｖ５４８～６７５）。将该基因克隆到ｐＧＥＭＥＸ－１载体上融合表达，表达蛋白经纯化后，以１μｇ／ｍｌ的浓度包被ＥＬＩＳＡ板，用来     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.