二维超声斑点追踪显像技术评价法洛四联症患者左室整体纵向功能的临床研究

目的 探讨超声斑点追踪显像技术在评价法洛四联症(TOF)患者左室整体纵向功能中的作用.方法 正常对照组38例;TOF患者38例,并按照年龄将其分为儿童组和成人组.应用二维超声斑点追踪显像技术测量左室整体纵向收缩峰值应变(GLS)、收缩峰值应变率(GLSRs)、舒张早期峰值应变率(GLSRe)及舒张晚期峰值应变率(GLSRa).用双平面simpson法测量左室射血分数(LVEF),并分析上述指标与心功能的关系.结果 ①与对照组比较,TOF患者左室GLS、GLSR、和GLSRe显著减低,GLSRa增高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);②与儿童组TOF患者比较,成人组TOF患者左室GLSRs、GLSRe和GLSRa减低,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05),成人与儿童TOF患者之间左室GLS差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);③LVEF与左室GLS、GLSRs和GLSRe相关,r值分别为0.751、0.714和0.468.三尖瓣环收缩期最大位移和收缩期峰值速度均与左室GLS弱相关,r值分别为-0.321和-0.317.结论 法洛四联症患者的左室整体纵向功能减低,且以成人TOF患者减低更加显著.二维超声斑点追踪显像技术可准确、客观地评价左室整体纵向功能.     

超声斑点追踪成像评价法洛四联症患者术后右心室局部及整体功能

目的 应用超声斑点追踪成像(STI)技术评价法洛四联症(TOF)患者术后右室局部及整体功能.方法 正常对照组35例,无症状TOF术后(术后＞1年)患者36例,获取心尖四腔观,应用STI技术测量并记录右室游离壁及室间隔基底段、中间段、心尖段纵向收缩峰值应变(e)、收缩峰值应变率(SRs)及右室整体纵向收缩峰值应变(GLS)、收缩峰值应变率(GLSRs)、舒张早期峰值应变率(GLSRe)、舒张晚期峰值应变率(GLSRa),并分析右室收缩指标与术后时间、肺动脉瓣反流程度和QRS间期的关系.结果 ①TOF患者术后右室游离壁、室间隔部分节段ε、SRs及GLS、GLSRs、GLSRe、GLSRa均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均＜).05),且跨瓣环补片组GLS、GLSRs较右室流出道补片组进一步减低.②TOF术后轻、中、重度肺动脉瓣反流组GLS、GLSRs、GLSRe、GLSRa均低于对照组,但肺动脉瓣不同反流程度组间比较右室整体功能无差异.③GLSRs与QRS间期及术后时间呈负相关(r1=-0.431,P1=0.009;r2=-0.469,P2=0.004),GLS、GLSRs和肺动脉瓣反流程度无关.结论 TOF患者术后长期右室局部及整体功能减低,STI可早期发现无症状TOF患者术后右室功能不全.手术方式影响术后长期右室功能,右室形变异常与电去极化异常有关.     

二维斑点追踪成像评价急性肺栓塞患者右室整体心肌功能改变

目的应用二维斑点追踪成像(2D-STI)评价急性肺栓塞(APE)患者右室整体心肌功能改变及其影响因素。方法 APE患者40例为APE组,体检健康者40例为对照组。超声于心尖四腔及大动脉短轴切面测量右室舒张末横径(RVEDD)、肺动脉主干内径(MPA)、肺动脉瓣收缩期的峰值流速(PV峰速)、射血时间(ET)、射流加速时间(Ac T)及射流减速时间(DT)。连续多普勒测量三尖瓣反流最大压差,以右房大小和下腔静脉塌陷指数评估右房压,三尖瓣反流最大压差与右房压之和为肺动脉收缩压(PASP)。应用双平面Simpson法计算右室射血分数(RVEF)。STI测量右室整体纵向的收缩期峰值应变(GLS)、收缩期峰值应变率(GLSRs)、舒张早期峰值应变率(GLSRe)、舒张晚峰值应变率(GLSRa),计算GLSRe/GLSRa。结果 1与对照组比较,APE组RVEDD、MPA、PASP增大,Ac T、RVEF减小(均P0.05)。2APE组右室GLS、GLSRs、GLSRe、GLSRe/GLSRa较对照组均减低(均P0.05);3PASP是影响APE患者右室GLS和GLSRs的决定因素(r值分别为-0.399、-0.433,P0.05)。结论 APE患者右室整体收缩及舒张功能均下降,PASP是影响APE患者右室整体心肌功能的决定因素。2D-STI可以有效评价APE患者右室整体心肌功能改变。     

二维斑点追踪显像对风湿性心脏病重度二尖瓣狭窄合并房颤患者二尖瓣置换及房颤消融术前后左心房应变的研究

目的应用二维超声斑点追踪显像评价风湿性心脏病重度二尖瓣狭窄合并房颤患者二尖瓣置换及房颤消融术前后左心房心肌应变的变化。方法采集25例正常对照组和12例风湿性心脏病重度二尖瓣狭窄合并房颤患者术前、术后1个月、术后3个月的二维动态图像,应用QLab9.0软件测量左心房心肌应变值。结果 (1)与正常对照组相比,风湿性心脏病重度二尖瓣狭窄合并房颤患者左心房整体峰值纵向应变(PALS)减低(P<0.01);左心房整体纵向应变达峰时间(TPLS)延长(P<0.01)。(2)与术前相比,术后1个月PALS增加(P<0.05),整体TPLS缩短(P<0.05);术后3个月PALS增加更为显著(P<0.01),整体TPLS缩短亦更为显著(P<0.01)。结论二维超声斑点追踪显像能快速、准确地定量评价二尖瓣置换及房颤消融术前后左心房功能的变化。     

超声斑点追踪显像技术评价缩窄性心包炎患者左心室局部心肌收缩功能

目的应用超声斑点追踪显像技术(STI)评价缩窄性心包炎(CP)患者左心室局部心肌收缩功能。方法采集26例CP患者左心室心尖位四腔切面、两腔切面、左心室长轴高帧频图像,测量左心室游离壁(前侧壁、下侧壁、前壁、下壁)心内、外膜下心肌各个节段的二维纵向收缩期应变峰值,并与37例正常人比较。结果 (1)CP患者左心室游离壁心外膜下心肌各节段纵向收缩期应变峰值较对照组明显减低(P<0.05),且绝大多数节段P<0.01;(2)CP患者左心室游离壁心内膜下各节段心肌纵向收缩期峰值应变与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论超声二维应变成像技术能够准确地定量评价CP患者左心室游离壁心内膜下及心外膜下心肌收缩功能,CP患者左心室游离壁心外膜下心肌纵向收缩期峰值应变减低,提示心外膜下心肌收缩功能受损。     

超声二维应变成像评价肺动脉高压患者右心室纵向收缩功能

目的 应用超声二维应变成像技术评价肺动脉高压患者右心室收缩功能.方法 正常对照组31例;肺动脉高压患者42例,根据肺动脉收缩压程度将其分为轻度(17例)、中度(15例)、重度(10例)三组.获取心尖四腔观,应用二维应变技术测量并记录右室整体及游离壁基底段、中间段、心尖段纵向收缩峰值应变(ε).对三组应变参数进行比较,并分析影响肺动脉高压患者右室功能的指标.结果 轻、中、重度肺动脉高压患者右室整体ε及游离壁各节段ε较对照组均显著减低,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05),且重度肺动脉高压右心室整体ε及游离壁各节段ε较轻度组显著减低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).肺血管阻力和肺动脉收缩压是影响肺动脉高压患者右室功能的决定因素(γ1=-0.491～-0.641,γ2=-0.403～-0.489,P均＜0.05),三尖瓣环收缩峰值速度与肺动脉高压右室整体ε及游离壁各节段ε有良好的相关性(γ=0.463～0.587,P＜0.001).结论 肺动脉高压患者的右室功能减低,超声二维应变成像可准确、客观地评价右室长轴收缩功能.     

二维斑点追踪成像评价肺动脉高压患者右心室功能

目的应用二维斑点追踪成像(STI)评价肺动脉高压(PH)患者右心室功能,探讨PH对右心室功能的影响。方法 65例PH患者,按肺动脉收缩压分为3组,其中PH轻度组25例,PH中度组22例,PH重度组18例;选取体检健康者30例为对照组。STI于心尖四腔切面测量右心室游离壁基底段、中间段及心尖段的纵向收缩期峰值应变(ε)、收缩期峰值应变率(SRs)、舒张早期峰值应变率(SRe)及舒张晚期峰值应变率(SRa)。结果 PH各组右室游离壁各节段ε、SRs、SRe、SRa均较对照组减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。PH各组间相应节段ε依次递减,有统计学差异(P<0.05),而SRs、SRe、SRa递减趋势不明显,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 PH患者右心室功能减低,STI可较敏感而准确地评价右心室功能。     

三维超声斑点追踪成像技术评价高血压患者左心室整体收缩功能的临床研究

目的 探讨三维超声斑点追踪成像技术评价原发性高血压患者左心室整体收缩功能的临床应用价值.方法 左室几何构型正常的原发性高血压患者50例,年龄、性别匹配的对照组29例.采取心尖全容积图像,应用三维超声斑点追踪成像技术测量并比较各组左室整体纵向收缩峰值应变(GLS)、左室整体径向收缩峰值应变(GRS)、左室整体圆周收缩峰值应变(GCS)及左室整体三维径向收缩峰值应变(3DGRS),三维斑点追踪分析软件计算左室射血分数(LVEF).结果 高血压患者左室GLS、GRS、GCS及3DGRS均较对照组减低,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);Pearson相关分析表明高血压组左室GCS、GLS、GRS与LVEF相关(r1=0.930,P1＜0.001;r2=0.705,P2＜0.001; r3=0.474,P3=0.001),对照组左室GCS、GLS与LVEF相关(r1=0.838,P1＜0.001;r2=0.697,P2＜0.001).结论 高血压患者早期左室整体三维形变能力降低,三维超声斑点追踪成像技术可发现高血压患者早期心功能的变化.左室圆周运动在左室三维运动中占重要作用,对左室射血产生重要影响.     

斑点追踪技术评价肺动脉高压患者右心室形态及收缩功能的研究

目的：应用二维斑点追踪成像技术评价肺动脉高压患者右心室收缩功能,并与实时三维超声心动图进行对比研究。方法肺动脉高压患者31例,正常对照组33例,常规超声心动图测量各房室腔的大小、右心室游离壁厚度;二维斑点追踪成像技术获得右心室各个节段纵向应变、应变率及运动速度;应用实时三维超声心动图测量右心室射血分数。结果与对照组相比,肺动脉高压组右心室游离壁、室间隔基底段及中间段收缩期峰值运动速度较正常对照组减低（P〈0.05）;右心室各段收缩期应变除了心尖段外,其余各段较对照组减低（P〈0.05）;右心室应变率除室间隔侧心尖段外,其余各段差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;右心室游离壁、室间隔收缩期峰值纵向应变平均值与肺动脉收缩压、三件瓣环收缩期位移、右心室射血分数有较好的相关性（P〈0.01）。结论斑点追踪成像技术各参数与多普勒超声心动图、三维超声心动图测量肺动脉收缩压及射血分数呈较好的相关性,为临床提供了一种新的方法评价肺动脉高压患者右心室收缩功能。     

超声斑点追踪成像技术评价肺动脉高压患者右心室功能

目的 应用超声斑点追踪成像技术评价肺动脉高压患者的右心室功能及其影响因素.方法 应用超声斑点追踪成像技术测量42例肺动脉高压患者及31例正常对照组的右心室游离壁基底段、中间段及心尖段收缩峰值速度(V)、收缩峰值应变(ε)、收缩峰值应变率(SRs)、舒张早期峰值应变率(SRe)、舒张晚期峰值应变率(SRa),对结果 进行组间比较,并分析影响肺动脉高压患者右心室功能的指标.结果 肺动脉高压患者各节段ε、SRs、SRe、SRa均较对照组均显著减低(P均<0.05),而v与对照组无明显差异,肺血管阻力和肺动脉收缩压是影响肺动脉高压患者右心室收缩功能的重要因素(r=-0.292～-0.511,r=-0.276～-0.489,P均<0.05),三尖瓣环收缩峰值速度与肺动脉高压患者右心室游离壁基底段V、ε、SRs有良好的相关性(r=0.480～0.622,P<0.01).结论 肺动脉高压患者右心室功能减低,超声斑点追踪成像技术可准确、客观地评价右心室功能.     

Right ventricular regional and global systolic function is diminished in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: a 2-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking echocardiography study

The purpose of the study is to evaluate right ventricular (RV) regional and global systolic function in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by 2-dimensional ultrasound speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) and explore the impact of pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) on RV systolic function. 42 patients with PAH and 31 healthy controls were included in this study. RV longitudinal peak systolic strain (LS) and strain rate (LSRs) were measured at the basal, mid and apical segments of the RV free wall and septum by STE. RV global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLS) and strain rate (GLSRs) were also measured by STE. RV ejection fraction (EF) was determinated by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging. LS and LSRs of RV 6 segments were significantly reduced in patients with PAH compared with controls. RV GLS and GLSRs were lower in patients with varying degrees of PAH than controls. Furthermore, RV GLS were most altered in patients with severe PAH compared with mild PAH. PVR was correlated with RV GLS and GLSRs (r ₁  = ?0.549; r ₂  = ?0.466, respectively, P < 0.05). Similarly, there was correlation between PASP and RV GLS and GLSRs (r ₁  = ?0.551; r ₂  = ?0.425, respectively, P < 0.05). GLS and GLSRs were correlated with CMR-derived RVEF. (r ₁  = 0.693; r ₂  = 0.560, respectively, P < 0.05). STE can identify impaired RV regional and global systolic function in patients with PAH. STE-derived strain and strain rate can be used as novel indices for RV function assessment from 2-dimensional echocardiographic images.     

斑点追踪技术评价系统性硬化病患者右心室心肌力学功能

目的应用二维斑点追踪成像（2D-STI）技术评价系统性硬化病（SSc）患者右心室心肌功能的变化。 方法选取2012年10月至2014年12月川北医学院附属医院收治的34例SSc患者,其中弥漫皮肤型SSc（dcSSc）18例,局限皮肤型SSc（lcSSc）16例,另选取本院体检中心健康人22名作为健康对照组,行经胸超声心动图检查。应用2D-STI技术测量右心室侧壁整体收缩期纵向峰值应变（GLS）及收缩期、舒张早期、舒张晚期整体纵向峰值应变率（GLSRs、GLSRe、GLSRa）,比较SSc组与健康对照组及dcSSc组与lcSSc组各指标的变化情况。分析SSc组GLS与肺动脉收缩压（PASP）及病程的相关性。 结果（1）SSc组与健康对照组比较,GLS、GLSRs及GLSRe降低[（-20.89±5.98）% vs（-25.41±4.87）%、（-1.44±0.38）/s vs（-1.63±0.21）/s、（1.32±0.40）/s vs（1.62±0.34）/s],差异有统计学意义（t=-2.963、-2.147、-2.953,P均<0.05）,GLSRa比较[（1.51±0.46）/s vs（1.56±0.26）/s],差异无统计学意义（t=-0.435,P>0.05）;dcSSc组与lcSSc组比较,GLS及GLSRe降低[（-19.10±6.53）% vs（-23.38±5.15）%、（1.16±0.41）/s vs（1.49±0.31）/s],差异均有统计学意义（t=-2.098、-2.705,P均<0.05],GLSRs及GLSRa[（-1.33±0.45）/s vs（-1.57±0.25）/s、（1.50±0.54）/s vs（1.52±0.36）/s],差异无统计学意义（t=-1.833、-0.125,P均>0.05）。（2）SSc组GLS与PASP及病程均呈显著负相关（r=-0.447、-0.500,P均<0.01）。 结论SSc患者右心室收缩及舒张功能均降低,dcSSc患者较lcSSc患者受损更严重。2D-STI可评价其右心室心肌力学状态改变,其GLS与病程、PASP有一定的相关性。     

Diagnostic and prognostic value of right ventricular strain in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and relatively preserved functional capacity studied with echocardiography and magnetic resonance

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction harbingers adverse prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Although conventional two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) is limited for RV systolic function quantitation, RV strain can be a useful tool. The diagnostic and prognostic impact of 2DE speckle-tracking RV longitudinal strain was evaluated, including other 2DE systolic indexes, in a group of PAH patients without severe impairment of functional capacity, chronic pulmonary thromboembolism or left ventricular dysfunction. Sixty-six group I PAH patients, 67?% NYHA functional class I or II (none in IV) were studied by 2DE to obtain: RV fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, RV myocardial performance index, tissue Doppler tricuspid annulus systolic velocity. Global, free wall (RVFreeWSt) and septal RV longitudinal systolic strain were obtained. RV ejection fraction by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR-RVEF) was also assessed. All patients were followed up to 3.9 years (mean 3.3 years). Combined endpoints were hospitalization for worsening PAH or cardiovascular death. Among all the 2DE indexes of RV systolic function, RVFreeWSt exhibited the best correlation with CMR-RVEF (r = 0.83; p?<?0.005). Combined endpoints occurred in 15 (22.7?%) patients (6 hospitalizations and 9 deaths). Multivariate analysis identified RVFreeWSt ≤?14?% as the only 2DE independent variable associated with combined endpoints [HR 4.66 (1.25–17.37); p?<?0.05]. We conclude that RVFreeWSt may be a suitable non-geometric 2DE surrogate of CMR-RVEF in PAH patients, constituting a powerful independent predictor of long-term outcome in this cohort with relatively preserved functional capacity.     

超声二维应变成像与组织多普勒技术评价右心室纵向收缩功能的对比研究

目的 应用超声二维应变成像和组织多普勒(TDI)技术评价正常人及肺动脉高压患者右室纵向收缩功能,探讨二维应变定量评价心肌纵向收缩功能的应用价值.方法 肺动脉高压患者42例(PAH组),正常人31例(对照组),应用二维应变成像与TDI于心尖四腔观分别测量并计录右室游离壁基底段、中间段及心尖段纵向收缩峰值速度(V)、应变(ε)、应变率(SRS).并对两种测量方法 进行比较.结果 ①与对照组比较,PAH组TDI检测显示右室游离壁中间段ε、SRS值减低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),基底段及心尖段ε、SRS值二组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PAH组二维应变显示右室游离壁各节段ε、SRS测值均显著减低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),而TDI及二维应变右室游离壁各节段V值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).②与TDI测值比较,对照组内右室游离壁二维应变测值(V、ε、SRS)基底段、心尖段差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中间段测值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);PAH组内右室游离壁二维应变测值(V、ε、SRS)心尖段差异有统计学意义,基底段、中间段测值差异无统计学意义.③PAH组中两种测量方法 相关性良好(r=0.406～0.760,P均<0.05).结论 肺动脉高压患者的右室纵向收缩功能减低,二维应变可更准确、客观地评价右室长轴收缩功能.     

The utility of global longitudinal strain in the identification of prior myocardial infarction in patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction

Prior myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with increased mortality and is prevalent in certain high risk patient groups. Electrocardiogram may be used in diagnosis, however, sensitivity is limited, thus non-invasive imaging techniques may improve diagnosis. We investigated whether global longitudinal strain (GLS) and longitudinal strain parameters are reduced in patients with prior MI but preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The study included 40 clinical patients with prior MI occurring >3 months previously (defined as subendocardial hyperenhancement on late Gadolinium enhancement imaging) with LVEF?≥?55% and 40 controls matched for age and LVEF. GLS, global longitudinal strain rate (GLSR) and early diastolic longitudinal strain rate (GLSRe) were measured from cine imaging feature tracking analysis. Presence of wall motion abnormality (WMA) and minimum systolic wall thickening (SWT) were calculated from cine imaging. GLS was ?17.3?±?3.7% in prior MI versus ?19.3?±?1.9% in controls (p?=?0.012). GLSR was ?88.0?±?33.7%/s in prior MI versus ?103.3?±?26.5%/s in controls (p?=?0.005). GLSRe was 76.4?±?28.4%/s in prior MI versus 95.5?±?26.0%/s in controls (p?=?0.001). GLS accurately identified prior MI [AUC 0.662 (95% CI 0.54–0.785) p?=?0.012] whereas WMA [AUC 0.500 (95% CI 0.386–0.614) p?=?1.0] and minimum SWT [AUC 0.609 (95% CI 0.483–0.735) p?=?0.093] did not. GLS, GLSR and GLSRe are reduced in prior MI with preserved LVEF. Normal LVEF and lack of WMA cannot exclude prior MI. Prior MI should be considered when reduced GLS, GLSR or GLSRe are detected by non-invasive imaging.     

实时三维超声心动图评价系统性红斑狼疮并发肺动脉高压患者右心功能

目的 采用实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)和传统二维超声心动图综合评价系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)并发肺动脉高压(PAH)患者右心结构和功能.方法 获得60例SLE患者(无PAH亚组、轻度PAH亚组、中重度PAH亚组)和28名健康对照者(对照组)右心常规超声和三维全容积超声动态图像,测量常规右心结构、功能和血流动力学参数;采用三维分析软件获得右心室舒张末期容积指数(RVEDVI-3D)和收缩末期容积指数(RVESVI-3D),射血量(RVSV-3D)、射血分数(RVEF-3D),比较其在各组间的差异,分析各参数间的相关性.结果 中重度PAH亚组RA长短轴内径、RV乳头肌部和基底部内径明显增大,RVEDVI-2D和RVESVI-2D明显增大,RVEF-2D明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P均 <0.05);不同组间RVFAC、RVTei指数、RV e/a差异均有统计学意义(P均 <0.05);中重度PAH亚组TAPSE、s明显降低,E/e明显增大,差异均有统计学意义(P均 <0.05).中重度PAH亚组RVEDVI-3D和RVESVI-3D明显增大,RVEF-3D和RVSV-3D明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P均 <0.05).三尖瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)、s、RVFAC分别与肺动脉收缩压呈负相关(P均 <0.001).RV Tei指数分别与PVR、肺动脉收缩压、平均压呈正相关(P均 <0.001).RVEDVI-3D、RVESVI-3D分别与PVR、肺动脉收缩压、平均压呈正相关(P均 <0.05).RVEF-3D与s、TAPSE分别呈正相关(P均 <0.001).RVEDVI-3D、RVESVI-3D分别与RVTei指数呈正相关(P均 <0.001).RVEDVI-3D、RVESVI-3D分别与s呈负相关(P均 <0.05).结论 RT-3DE可在机、快速、定量分析SLE患者RV容积和功能,适于临床应用.     

Echocardiographic assessment of regional right ventricular systolic function using two-dimensional strain echocardiography and evaluation of the predictive ability of longitudinal 2D-strain imaging for pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis patients

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a generalized connective tissue disorder, and SSc patients are at risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The aims of this study are to evaluate the right ventricular regional systolic function using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D STE) and to determine the predictive ability of peak longitudinal systolic strain (PLSS) at the RV lateral wall for PAH in SSc patients. 80 SSc patients (mean age 51?±?12 years) were included in the study. Echocardiography and 2D STE were performed at baseline and after 12 months. RHC was performed only in SSc patients with clinical indications. PLSS at the apical segment of the RV free wall was significantly impaired in PAH patients compared with non-PH patients (–14.6?±?5.9 vs. ??22.2?±?7.5%, p?=?0.034). PLSS at the basal, mid, and apical segments of the RV free wall was lower in both groups at follow-up compared to baseline, but the drop in strain values was statistically significant only in the non-PH group (p?<?0.05). Right atrial area (OR 1.758; p?=?0.023), peak tricuspid regurgitation velocity (OR 24.23; p?=?0.011) and PLSS at the apical segment of the RV lateral wall (OR 2.47; p?=?0.005) were independent predictors of PAH. A cut-off value of ??14.48% PLSS at the apical segment of the RV lateral wall resulted in 100% specificity for predicting PAH in SSc patients. RV pressure overload affects RV systolic function as manifested by impaired RV longitudinal deformation. Evaluating RV regional systolic function with 2D STE could be useful as an additional echocardiographic parameter for screening PAH in SSc patients.     

二维斑点追踪成像评价尿毒症患者左室心肌分层应变

目的应用二维斑点追踪成像(2D-STI)技术评价尿毒症患者左室心肌分层应变情况。方法选取我院经临床和病理检查确诊的尿毒症患者60例(病例组),另选同期60例健康志愿者为对照组。常规超声心动图检测左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、舒张末期左室后壁厚度(LVPW)、舒张末期室间隔厚度(IVS)及左室射血分数(LVEF);分层应变技术测量左室两腔、三腔及四腔心切面心内膜下、中层、心外膜下层心肌的纵向应变峰值(LS)、圆周应变峰值(CS)及各个切面心肌整体纵向、环向分层应变的平均值(GLS、GCS),计算各个应变之间的差值,得到左室各层心肌整体纵向、环向分层应变跨壁应变梯度(△GLS、△GCS),比较两组上述参数差异。结果两组LVEDV、LVESV、LVPW、IVS及LVEF比较差异均无统计学意义。两组左室心肌GLS均表现为心内膜下心肌峰值最大,且由内至外逐层递减,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病例组左室各层心肌GLS及△GLS均较对照组对应各层心肌有所减低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);两组间基底段、中间段及心尖段CS、GCS及△GCS比较差异均无统计学意义。结论尿毒症患者在LVEF降低之前就已存在左室心肌与收缩功能的损伤,全层心肌的收缩功能均有不同程度的降低,其中以心内膜下心肌功能受损最为严重。STI可评价尿毒症患者左室心肌分层应变。