抗环瓜氨酸肽抗体与类风湿因子、C-反应蛋白联合检测对类风湿关节炎早期诊断的价值

 类风湿关节炎( rheumatoid arthritis, RA)是一种病因未明的慢性全身性炎性反应性疾病,我国患病率为0.41%。目前临床实验室检测类风湿疾病,最常见的方法是检测血清中类风湿因子(RF)。RF是以变性的IgG、Fc段为靶抗原的自身抗体(主要为IgM类抗体),虽然敏感性高,但特异性较差,给临床诊断带来一定的困难。C-反应蛋白（CRP）是肝脏合成的一种免疫调节因子,参与RA的发生与发展,能够作为类风湿关节炎诊断和治疗的一个参考指标。抗CCP抗体在RA早期即可出现,诊断RA的特异性好于RF、CRP,在发病前10余年就能被检出。本研究通过检测我院2010-01至2011-01确诊为RA患者108例抗CCP抗体、RF、CRP水平,并与非RA组102例进行比较,旨在探讨三项指标联合检测在RA诊断中的价值。     

能量多普勒评价类风湿关节炎疾病活动度的价值

 目的 通过与DAS28比较,探讨能量多普勒评价类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis ,RA) 疾病活动度的价值。方法 选择RA患者74例,记录膝关节的能量多普勒信号,并记录28个关节的肿胀数、压痛数、血沉(erythrocyte sedimentation,ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)及患者基于100 mm视觉模拟尺(VAS),对疾病活动度进行评价,计算DAS28评分。专业超声医师对患者肿胀膝关节进行能量多普勒检查,PD评分分为4级后与DAS28评分做Kappa检验。结果 74例中,1例(1%)无血流信号,2例(3%)少量点状信号,32例(43%)大量短条状血流信号,39例(53%)树枝状信号。将DAS28-CRP及DAS28-ESR分组后与能量多普勒信号分别比较发现,能量多普勒与DAS28一致性好(DAS28-ESR κ=0.701,P<0.05;DAS28-CRP κ=0.777,P<0.05)。结论 能量多普勒能够评价RA关节炎的疾病活动度。     

血清NLR、TLR2、CRP/ALB水平与股骨颈骨折术后感染相关性及临床预测价值分析

目的 研究中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio,NLR)、Toll样受体-2(TLR2)及C反应蛋白/白蛋白(CRP/ALB)水平与股骨颈骨折术后感染的相关性,并分析其在预测股骨颈骨折术后感染中的临床价值。 方法 选取内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院2018.06-2021.06股骨颈骨折手术279例,根据术后感染情况分为感染组（n=30）和非感染组（n=249）,同期60例健康体检合格者纳为对照组,分别在股骨颈骨折患者术后d1及对照组入组后,采集被研究者外周静脉血,电阻法检测NLR水平,酶联免疫吸附法检测TLR2以及CRP/ALB水平。分别比较各组NLR、TLR2以及CRP/ALB水平。先后行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析,分析影响股骨颈骨折术后感染的独立危险因素。绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),分析术后1 d NLR、TLR2、CRP/ALB水平在预测骨折术后感染中的价值。 结果 股骨颈骨折患者术后1 d NLR、TLR2、CRP/ALB水平均高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。感染组术后d1 NLR、TLR2、CRP/ALB水平均高于非感染组,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。多因素回归分析发现,术前贫血、围术期异体输血、手术时间以及术后1 d NLR、TLR2以及CRP/ALB水平是影响股骨颈骨折术后感染的独立因素。绘制ROC曲线发现,术后1 d NLR、TLR2、CRP/ALB单独应用,在预测股骨颈骨折术后感染中,以CRP/ALB最高,其AUC=0.888,95%CI为(0.811~0.964),三指标联合应用则可提高各指标单独应用时效能,其AUC=0.900,95%CI为(0.825~0.975)。 结论 股骨颈骨折术后1 d 外周血NLR、TLR2、CRP/ALB水平异常升高是股骨颈骨折患者术后手术部位感染的独立危险因素,并在预测股骨颈骨折术后感染中具有一定的价值。     

四项检测指标对类风湿关节炎的临床诊断价值

目的探讨抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体、类风湿因子(RF)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)和红细胞沉降率(ESR)检测对类风湿关节炎的临床诊断价值。方法检测75例类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者、45例非RA的风湿病患者和30例健康体检者的血清hs-CRP、ESR、抗CCP抗体和RF水平;比较抗CCP抗体和RF敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预示值;测定RA患者的实验室指标。结果RA组和非RA组抗CCP抗体、RF、hs-CRP、ESR明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01);RA组抗CCP抗体和RF水平均高于非RA组(P<0.05),而RA组的hs-CRP和ESR水平与非RA组无明显差异(P>0.05);两者联合检测的特异性和阳性预测值均明显高于单独检测(P<0.05);抗CCP抗体阳性的RA患者CRP、ESR均高于阴性者(P<0.05)。结论 联合检测抗CCP抗体和RF有利于提高RA检测的特异性,对RA的早期诊断有意义;抗CCP抗体对疾病活动的判断有重要意义。     

FAR、NLR、PLR及其联合应用对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重的预测价值

目的 探讨纤维蛋白原（FIB）/白蛋白（ALB）比值（FAR）、中性粒细胞（NEU）/淋巴细胞（LYM）比值（NLR）、血小板（PLT）/淋巴细胞（LYM）比值（P L R）对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（CO P D）急性加重的预测价值。方法 选择2019年9月-2021年7月在承德医学院附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科住院的COPD急性加重期（AECOPD）患者作为AECOPD组（n=96）,在门诊复诊近3个月来无急性加重的稳定期COPD（SCOPD）患者作为SCOPD组（n=103）,随机选择同期在该院体检的健康人员作为对照组（n=80）。依据病情严重程度将AECOPD患者分为Ⅰ级（n=20）、Ⅱ级（n=33）与Ⅲ级（n=43）。记录各组一般资料、临床资料,检测各组血清C反应蛋白（CRP）、降钙素原（PCT）、白细胞计数（WBC）、NEU、LYM、PLT、FIB、ALB水平,AECOPD患者检测动脉血二氧化碳分压（PaCO₂）、动脉血氧分压（PaO₂）,计算FAR、NLR、PLR、氧合指数（PaO₂/FiO₂）...     

小于8mm并引起梗阻及炎性反应的输尿管结石自行排出率的影响因素

目的 探讨输尿管结石引起梗阻从而导致输尿管黏膜层发生炎性反应变化对结石自行排出的影响因素。方法 通过分析小于8 mm的输尿管结石自行排出率与血清C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）水平和中性粒细胞百分比之间的关系,回顾2001-01至2014-01在武警新疆总队医院287例被诊断为输尿管结石且结石小于8 mm的患者。4周后通过影像学复诊判断结石是否排出。根据患者血清CRP水平分成3组,根据中性粒细胞百分比高低分成2组。分析CRP水平和中性粒细胞百分比与输尿管结石自行排出率之间的关联。结果 输尿管结石自行排出率在低血清CRP水平组、中等血清CRP水平组和高血清CRP水平组分别为：94.1%、70.0%和50.0%。输尿管结石自行排出率在正常的中性粒细胞百分比和高中性粒细胞百分比组中的通过率分别为94.5%和83.1%。结论 当输尿管结石患者血清CRP水平和中性粒细胞百分比高时,可及早考虑侵入治疗,如体外冲击波碎石术或输尿管镜碎石术。     

NLR、AGR、血脂指标对膀胱癌患者预后的影响

目的 探讨术前中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（NLR）、前白蛋白（AGR）、血脂指标与膀胱癌患者预后的关系。方法 选择2016年12月~2021年12月于我院确诊并行膀胱癌根治术治疗的膀胱癌患者106例,收集其术前一般资料、手术相关情况及NLR、AGR、血脂指标[低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）,通过Log-rank法和多因素Cox回归模型对NLR、AGR、血脂指标与膀胱癌患者的癌症特异性生存率（CSS）相关性进行统计学分析。结果 106例患者中共42例患者死亡,累计死亡率39.62%,定义为预后不良组;共64例患者未发生终点事件,累计CSS 60.38%,定义为预后良好组。NLR、AGR、TG、HDL-C高表达患者CSS低于NLR、AGR、TG、HDL-C低表达患者（P<0.05）,高水平的NLR、AGR、TG、HDL-C水平是影响膀胱癌患者CSS的独立影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 肿瘤病理分级、肿瘤临床分期、NLR、AGR、TG、HDL-C水平不同的膀胱癌患者生存率存在差异,且高水平的NLR、AGR、TG、HDL-C与膀胱癌术后患者低CSS相关,可作为预测患者预后的预测因子。     

肝脾失调型早期类风湿关节炎影像学征象与RANK/RANKL/OPG系统相关性研究

目的 :探讨肝脾失调型早期类风湿关节炎(RA)影像学征象与细胞核因子κB受体活化因子(RANK)/细胞核因子κB受体活化因子配基(RANKL)/护骨素(OPG)系统的相关性,寻找一种更完善的识别早期RA骨破坏的预警指标。方法:将符合诊断标准的90例RA早期患者进行辨证分型,分别行双手/腕和双下肢前后位平片影像学检查,并进行分期及影像学评估。按其骨侵蚀程度分为骨侵蚀组和非骨侵蚀组,观察2组中医症候量化与28个关节疾病活动度(DAS28)评分、实验室指标与影像学征象,并进行统计学分析。结果:非骨侵蚀组占70.0%(63/90),骨侵蚀组占30.0%(27/90)。骨侵蚀组Sharp总评分为(3.5±5.6)分,关节狭窄评分为(14.0±7.3)分,关节侵蚀评分为(17.5±6.5)分。骨侵蚀组Sharp评分与风湿指标、骨代谢指标均有明显相关性(均P0.05),尤其是与RANKL、OPG明显相关(均P0.01);与TRAP显著相关(均P0.05);与抗CCP抗体明显相关(均P0.01)。结论:RA发病早期,肝脾失调的功能表现大多早于关节局部症状,且RANKL、OPG、RANKL/OPG、TRAP、抗CCP抗体水平比其影像学变化能够更早预示RA出现骨质破坏的可能,抗体水平越高,预示将来进展性骨质破坏可能愈严重。     

血清葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶在类风湿关节炎疾病活动及骨侵蚀中的作用

目的 探讨类风湿关节炎(RA)患者血清中葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶(GPI)与疾病活动的关系及其在骨侵蚀中的作用。方法 选择2019-08至2021-02在山西省汾阳医院风湿免疫科就诊的RA患者105例,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清GPI值,根据GPI滴度分为GPI阳性组和GPI阴性组,比较两组患者临床资料、实验室指标,如关节肿胀数(SJC)、关节压痛数(TJC)、抗环瓜氨酸肽(CCP)抗体、类风湿因子(RF)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)等,计算28个关节计数法疾病活动度评分即DAS28评分;同时完善影像学检查,包括双手X线正位片和骨密度,计算Sharp评分。给予所有患者规范治疗并定期随访,在治疗3、6、9、12个月后评估疾病活动度,记录DAS28评分,于治疗1年后复查双手正位片和骨密度。结果 GPI阳性组SJC[5.00(4.00, 6.00)]、TJC[6.00(5.00, 8.75)]、ESR[(58.70±23.40) mm/h)]、CRP[21.82(13.55, 31.90) mg/L]、 DAS28评分(5.44±0.69)高于GPI阴性组[4...     

Correlation between HRCT findings,pulmonary function tests and bronchoalveolar lavage cytology in interstitial lung disease associated with rheumatoid arthritis

A prospective study correlating high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), lung function tests (PFT) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fifty-three RA patients with suspected ILD (19 men, 34 women) underwent 71 HRCT (14 of 53 with sequential HRCT, mean follow-up 24.3 months). The HRCT evaluation by two observers on consensus included a semi-quantitative characterisation of lesion pattern and profusion on representative anatomical levels. Fifty-two HRCT were followed by PFT and BAL. Agreement or discordance of HRCT-, PFT- and BAL findings were analysed with Pearsons correlation, score and McNemars test. Tobacco-fume exposure was estimated in pack years. Smoking/non-smoking groups were compared with Students t test. In 49 of 53 patients, HRCT was suggestive of ILD associated with RA (66 of 71 HRCT). Reticular lesions were found in 40 of 53 patients, in 15 of 40 presenting as mixed pattern with ground-glass opacities (GGO). Pure reticular patterns predominated in patients with long duration of ILD (p>0.01). Pure GGO were not observed. Lesion profusion was highly variable and correlated moderately negative with diffusion capacity (mean 88.2% (SD±20.9%); r=–0.54; p<0.001) and very weak with vital capacity and FEV1 (mean values 92.2% (SD±18.3%); r=–0.27; p<0.05 and 89.8% (SD±17.5%); r=–0.31; p<0.01). In patients with GGO, BAL differentials tended towards neutrophilia (=0.39; p=0.04; McNemar test p>0.2), but not towards lymphocytosis (=0.10; p=0.23; McNemar test p>0.2). Differences in smoking history were not significant (p>0.1). The HRCT appears most appropriate for the detection and follow-up of ILD associated with RA. The PFT and BAL correlate only partially with lesion profusion or grading on HRCT, but they contribute valuable information about dynamic lung function and differential diagnoses (pneumonia, medication side effects).     

Scintigraphic evaluation of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison of technetium-99m human non-specific immunoglobulins,leucocytes and albumin nanocolloids

Technetium-99m-labelled, non-specific, polyclonal, human immunoglobulin G (^99mTc-hIG) has been used to quantify synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. A comparison was carried out between the scintigraphic results obtained with this tracer, ^99mTc-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime-labelled white blood cells (^99mTc-WBC) and ^99mTc-albumin nanocolloids (^99mTc-NC). Twenty patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis and suffering from clinically active synovitis were studied with ^99mTc-hIG. The number and sites of the involved joints had been previously assessed on the basis of the presence of pain and/or swelling. A radiological examination had already been carried out on all the joints. Two days after the ^99mTc-hIG scan, 10 patients (group 1) underwent ^99mTc-WBC scintigraphy and the other 10 (group 2) underwent a ^99mTc-NC scan. The results show that the results of ^99mTc-hIG and^99m Tc-NC scans are in agreement with clinical examinations in the majority of cases. However, a certain number of positive joint scans corresponding to negative clinical examinations was found. The numerical distribution of these results according to the radiological stages seems to show that^99m Tc-hIG is more useful than ^99mTc-NC in the initial phases of the disease. The ^99mTc-WBC scan was negative in a consistent percentage of the joints previously assessed as clinically and ^99mTc-hIG scan positive. Offprint requests to: M. Liberatore     

低剂量替格瑞洛对稳定性冠心病患者冠脉微循环及外周血MHR、NLR的影响

目的 探讨低剂量替格瑞洛对稳定性冠心病(stable coronary heart disease,SCAD)患者冠脉微循环及外周血单核细胞/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值（monocyte/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio,MHR）、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值（neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,NLR）的影响。方法 将2019年1月-2021年2月在南京脑科医院（胸科院区）就诊的SCAD患者138例,按照随机数表法分成A、B、C三组,每组46例,三组患者采取不同抗血小板策略,A组单纯采用阿司匹林治疗,B组采用阿司匹林联合标准剂量替格瑞洛治疗,C组采用阿司匹林联合低剂量替格瑞洛治疗,连续治疗6个月。对比三组患者治疗前后冠脉微循环阻力指数（microcirculatory resistance, IMR）、血小板微颗粒（platelet microparticles, PMPs）及MHR、NLR水平变化情况,三组患者均随访1年,对比三组患者出血情况。结果 治疗后,三组IMR及PMPs水平均较同组治疗前改善,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,三组治疗后IMR及PMPs水平比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,A组IMR及PMPs水平改善程度优于B、C组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,B、C两组治疗后IMR及PMPs改善程度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;治疗后,三组MHR及NLR水平均较同组治疗前改善,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,三组治疗后MHR及NLR水平比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,B、C组MHR及NLR水平改善程度优于A组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,B、C两组治疗后MHR及NLR改善程度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;随访1年期间,三组患者大出血发生率比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）,小出血发生率存在明显差异（P<0.05）,进一步进行组间两两比较,A组和C组患者小出血发生率低于B组（P<0.05）,但A组和C组患者小出血发生率比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论 综上所述,SCAD患者采用低剂量替格瑞洛,能帮助改善患者冠脉微循环、降低血栓形成风险及炎症状态,与标准剂量达到的效果相似,同时还可降低出血风险。     

基质金属蛋白酶2,9与类风湿性关节炎病情活动及关节破坏相关

目的:观察类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者血清基质金属蛋白酶MMP - 2 ,MMP - 9与病情活动及早期关节破坏的关系。方法:用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定98例病史少于12个月未经治疗的早期RA患者及2 0例健康人血清中MMP - 2、MMP - 9,并分析其与RA患者X线表现积分(△Larsen)及健康评分(△HAQ)、CRP的关系。结果:血清MMP - 2、MMP - 9水平与C反应蛋白(CRP)、△Larsen、△HAQ显著相关,相关系数及P值分别为r=0 .4 2 ,0 .4 9,P <0 .0 1;r=0 .2 3,0 .32 ,P <0 .0 5 ;r =0 .32 ,0 .30 ,P<0 .0 1。MMP - 2、MMP - 9与关节侵蚀改变的出现相关(r=0 .6 5和0 .5 2 ,P <0 .0 5 )。Larsen积分显示骨侵蚀进展与MMP - 2水平关系更密切(r=0 .30 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论:血清MMP - 2、MMP - 9水平与RA患者病情活动及早期关节骨侵蚀显著相关,可以作为早期患者出现骨侵蚀的有益预测指标。     

GM-CSF对类风湿性关节炎单核细胞MMP-2,MMP-9合成及CD147表达的调节作用

目的:观察类风湿性关节炎(RA)患者单核/巨噬细胞用GM-CSF刺激后,基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-2,MMP-9)合成及CD147表达的变化。方法:分离RA患者外周血及滑液单核细胞,用GM-CSF刺激,明胶酶谱法测定刺激后MMP-2,MMP-9的活性。用流式细胞术测定细胞表面CD147表达。结果:GM-CSF刺激后,RA单核细胞形态及表面标志改变,MMP-2,MMP-9合成及表面CD147增加,与GM-CSF的剂量相关;滑液单核细胞高于外周血。相关性分析证实CD147表达与MMP-2,MMP-9增加呈正相关。结论:GM-CSF可以促进单核/巨噬细胞CD147表达及MMP合成,这可能是RA发病中CD147表达及MMP合成的调控机制之一。     

The role of Doppler Ultrasonography in evaluating disease activity in a group of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients

The goal of the study is the evaluation of Power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) ability to detect the disease activity in juvenile idiopathic artheritis (JIA) patients compared to clinical and biological markers. In forty JIA patients, 1120 joints were assessed clinically and with Doppler ultrasonography. The semi quantitative four grade scale (0–3) was used for grading the PDUS. The disease activity was assessed using the 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28-CRP). Synovitis was detected clinically in 17.5% of examined joints, while ultrasound detected synovitis was found in 18.8%; including 3.5% of clinically normal joints. DAS28-CRP was significantly associated with US findings. Ultrasound evidence of synovial hyperplasia significantly correlated with joint swelling r?=?0.87, while PDUS was significantly correlated with joints tenderness, r?=?0.92. PDUS assessment of synovial vascularization could detect mild disease activity with 100% sensitivity and 75% specificity. Kappa statistics revealed marked agreement (0.83) between tenderness and power Doppler US. Patients showing higher PDUS score (>/=2) are mostly having active disease.

Comparison between a clinical activity index (Harvey-Bradshaw-Index), laboratory inflammation markers and quantitative assessment of bowel wall vascularization by contrast-enhanced ultrasound in Crohn's disease

Purpose

Due to its character as a remitting inflammatory disease, patients suffering from Crohn's disease (CD) often undergo several imaging studies subjecting the mostly young patients to ionizing. Contrast enhanced ultrasound for capillary microvascular assessment might be a new diagnostic tool for identifying the activity of inflammation by ultrasound techniques.

Materials and methods

We prospectively evaluated 45 patients with proven Crohn's disease performing contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and laboratory assessment including C-reactive protein (CRP), leucocytes and hematocrit as well as calculating the Harvey–Bradshaw Index (HBI). Thereafter, we applied the quantification software Qontrast^® to obtain contrast-enhanced sonographic perfusion maps.

Results

Analysis of the 41 finally included patients revealed a correlation of CRP to HBI and TTP[s], respectively. Moreover, an association was found for HBI and TTP[s] and for HBI and TTP[s]/Peak [%]. Analysis of 34 patients with a Peak [%] ≥25 showed a close association of HBI and CRP. Besides, in these patients CRP correlated to TTP[s] and to TTP[s]/Peak [%]. We found a strong negative correlation between HBI and TTP[s] (r = −0.645, p < 0.01), thus, the higher the clinical activity the shorter the time-to-peak.

Conclusion

Quantitative evaluation with CEUS, particularly the calculation of TTP[s] in patients with a Peak [%] ≥25, provides a simple method to assess the inflammatory activity in CD.