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肾移植术后BK病毒相关性肾病 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
BK病毒(BKV)和JC病毒(JCV)均于1971年首次分离获得,BKV从肾移植患者的尿中,JCV从进行性多灶性白质脑病尸检脑组织中分离出来,分别以患者名字命名。这2种病毒均是DNA病毒,归属于乳多空病毒种,BKV是封 相似文献
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目的探究肾移植术后BK病毒(BKV)血症对受者及移植肾功能的影响。
方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年1月于中国科学技术大学附属第一医院接受肾移植229例受者临床资料。根据移植术后24个月内受者血清BKV最大载量,将其分为无病毒组(血清BKV持续阴性)、低病毒载量组(血清BKV最大载量≤1×104 copies/mL)和高病毒载量组(血清BKV最大载量>1×104 copies/mL)。以估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)作为评价移植肾功能的指标。观察受者年龄和性别、供肾来源、供肾冷/热缺血时间、免疫抑制方案、术后3个月他克莫司血药浓度谷值、排斥反应和移植肾失功发生率以及术后24个月内eGFR。采用单因素方差分析比较3组受者年龄、供肾冷/热缺血时间、术后3个月他克莫司血药浓度谷值及术后24个月内eGFR,组间两两比较采用LSD法。采用成组t检验比较低病毒载量组与高病毒载量组受者首次检测到BKV的术后时间。采用卡方检验比较3组受者供肾来源、免疫抑制方案以及排斥反应和移植肾失功发生率。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
结果229例受者中28%(64/229)的受者肾移植术后血清检测到BKV,其中19%(43/229)为低病毒载量,9%(21/229)为高病毒载量。截至2018年7月,229例受者平均随访时间(44±8)个月。低病毒载量组受者术后首次检测到BKV的时间为移植后(10±8)个月,高病毒载量组为(8±6)个月,差异有统计学意义(t=2.10,P<0.05)。无病毒组受者排斥反应发生率[24.8%(41/165)]低于低病毒载量组[60.5%(26/43)]和高病毒载量组[61.9%(13/21)](χ2=19.82和12.42,P均<0.017)。无病毒组受者细胞排斥反应发生率[13.9%(23/165)]低于低病毒载量组[39.5%(17/43)]和高病毒载量组[42.9%(9/21)](χ2=14.38和10.94,P均<0.017)。无病毒组受者中12例发生移植肾失功,低病毒载量组受者中2例发生移植肾失功,高病毒载量组受者中4例(3例发生BKVAN,1例病因不明确)发生移植肾失功,差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.727,P>0.05)。高病毒载量组受者术后第3个月他克莫司血药浓度谷值高于无病毒组和低病毒载量组(P均<0.05)。高病毒载量组受者术后第3、6、12、24个月eGFR均低于无病毒组和低病毒载量组(P均<0.05)。
结论肾移植术后高BKV血症会影响肾移植受者预后及移植肾功能;而低BKV血症对移植肾功能无明显不良影响,此类受者无需调整他克莫司剂量。 相似文献
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<正>BK病毒(BK virus,BKV)属多瘤病毒(polyomavirus)家族成员,是导致肾移植术后移植肾肾病的重要危险因素之一[1]。随着全球肾移植手术的广泛开展,由BKV感染导致移植物功能受损,进展为BK病毒性肾病(BK virus-associated nephropathy,BKVN)而导致移植肾丢失的病例报道逐渐增多[2]。国外研究报告显示,在肾移植受者中有1%~5%的人会发生BKVN,其中大约50%的受者继而发生移植肾失功,由此引起了移植 相似文献
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目的 探讨影响肾移植受者BK病毒(BKV)感染的危险因素.方法 选取2006年3月至2007年3月间进行肾移植术的90例受者为研究对象,分别于肾移植术后第1、3、6、9、12个月收集血、尿标本,进行尿沉渣Decoy细胞计数与BK病毒DNA含量的检测,对部分肾移植受者进行移植肾活检.根据尿液BKV DNA是否阳性分成BKV感染组与非感染组.比较2组受者在年龄、性别、术前有无糖尿病、是否为活体肾移植、是否使用抗白细胞介素-2受体单克隆抗体进行诱导、围手术期是否使用多克隆抗体及抗CD3单克隆抗体、术后免疫抑制剂方案、术后是否发生急性排斥反应、移植肾功能恢复延迟及肺部感染等临床指标的差异,应用Logistic回归法分析筛选BKV感染的危险因素.结果 90例肾移植受者尿液Decoy细胞、尿BKV DNA及血BKVA DNA的阳性率分别为42.2%(38/90)、45.6%(41/90)和22.2%(20/90).BKV感染组应用他克莫司(FK506)加霉酚酸酯(MMF)方案的比例为68.3%(28/41),明显高于BKV非感染组40.8%(20/49,P<0.01).FKS06加MMF的免疫抑制方案是影响肾移植受者BKV感染的独立危险因素(X2=6.579,P=0.01,OR=3.123).确诊BKV相关性肾病(BKVAN)5例.结论 FK506加MMF的组合免疫抑制方案易发生BKV活化及BKVAN,术后受者需进行密切观察并进行相关检测. 相似文献
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肾移植术后BK病毒感染的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BK病毒感染是近年来发现造成移植肾丢失的原因之一,对BK病毒的研究在不断深入。本文主要综述了国外近年来对BK病毒感染的研究进展,包括BK病毒的激活及危险因子、病理学、诊断及治疗等。 相似文献
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目的 探讨在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情常态化防控期间不规律随访对肾移植受者术后BK病毒(BKV)再激活情况及预后的影响。方法 回顾性分析363例肾移植受者的临床资料,按随访时间分为疫情前随访组与疫情期间随访组,随访期限为1年。比较疫情前随访组和疫情期间随访组的随访时间间隔,分析两组BKV感染情况,分析BKV感染进程与移植肾功能的相关性。结果 疫情前随访共计1 790例次,疫情期间随访共计2 680例次。与疫情期间随访组比较,疫情前随访组术后3个月内、3~6个月、7~12个月的随访时间间隔较短,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。在肾移植术后1年内,疫情前随访组35例(32%)检出BKV尿症、3例(3%)检出BKV血症、1例(1%)检出BKV相关肾病(BKVAN),疫情期间随访组53例(25%)检出BKV尿症、3例(1%)检出BKV血症、1例(1%)检出BKVAN,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。疫情前随访组术后首次检出BKV尿症时间长于疫情期间随访组,首次再激活尿BKV载量小于疫情期间随访组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。首次再激活尿BKV载量与尿BK... 相似文献
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目的总结分析肾移植后BK病毒性肾病的防治和预后。方法回顾性分析2006年1月-2016年10月中山大学附属第一医院器官移植科行移植肾穿刺活检的101例多瘤病毒性肾病(PVN)患者的临床资料,检测尿沉渣Decoy细胞计数、血和尿BKV DNA载量。结果共纳入101例确诊为PVN的患者,其中98例为BK病毒性肾病(BKVN),感染广泛的病例电镜下可观察到肾小管上皮细胞核内的病毒颗粒,98例中的40例患者进行重复活检显示随着病毒血病的下降SV40T的染色可由片状变为局灶性,BKVN患者可合并出现细胞性或体液性排斥反应。BKV血中的检测预测BKVN阳性预测值有30%~85%,血浆BKV DNA持续阳性及负荷>104copies/ml可以作为治疗干预开始的依据。结论术后规律监测早期发现移植肾BKVN及时减少免疫抑制剂,并规律监测注意并发的排斥反应可提高移植肾BKVN的远期存活。 相似文献
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Kiyokazu Akioka Masahiko Okamoto Hidetaka Ushigome Shuji Nobori Satoshi Kaihara Norio Yoshimura 《International journal of urology》2008,15(4):369-371
Abstract: A 51-year-old female received a kidney transplant, donated by her husband. The patient was induced with tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone. After methyl predonisolone pulse therapy without biopsy, allograft biopsy on POD 160 showed severe tubulo-interstitial nephritis with intranuclear inclusions. Urine cytology also showed decoy cells. Blood PCR detected an increase of BK virus DNA. She was diagnosed as having BK virus-associated nephropathy . Reduction of tacrolimus and switching of mycophenolate mofetil to mizoribine were done. Serum Creatinin (sCr) still rose to 3.0 mg/dl with persistent viremia and viruria. From on POD 268, 0.25 mg/kg of cidofovir was administered intravenously every two weeks over about four months. Biopsy on POD 387 revealed the disappearance of tubulitis with intranuclear inclusions, and decoy cells also disappeared from urine cytology. BK virus DNA in the blood decreased under the threshold level. sCr was stable and remained about 2.2 mg/dl for three months after the final treatment of cidofovir. 相似文献
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Y Itabashi K Sakai T Kawamura Y Hyodo M Muramatsu K Arai A Aikawa S Mizuiri T Ohara C Hasegawa Y Ishikawa A Hasegawa 《Clinical transplantation》2004,18(S11):39-43
Abstract: A 43-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease originating from IgA nephropathy entered chronic haemodialysis therapy. She then received an ABO-incompatible living related renal transplantation. Initial immunosuppression consisted of azathioprine, methylprednisolone and tacrolimus. At 155 days after transplantation, the azathioprine was changed to mycophenolate mofetil for continuous graft dysfunction. Furthermore, a total of three courses of anti-rejection therapy was given. At 665 days after transplantation, diagnosis of BK-virus nephropathy was made by immunohistochemical analysis and viral DNA assay. Therefore the immunosuppression therapy was reduced for graft dysfunction. All five renal biopsy specimens were examined retrospectively in order to determine when the BK virus nephropathy had developed. The expressions of SV40 large T antigens were detected from the third (117 days) to the fifth (665 days) biopsies, with increasing numbers of SV40 large T antigen positive cells. In addition, many cells contained inclusion bodies which were already present in the urinary sediment for 3 months post-transplantation. Although it is difficult to make a diagnosis of early stage of BKVN, we have to consider with caution if urinary cells with inclusion body are seen. Awareness of BKVN at the earliest opportunity is important in order to avoid over-immunosuppression. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: Polyomavirus associated nephropathy (PVN) in renal transplant recipients has been observed with increasing frequency recently and has emerged as a cause of allograft failure linked to highly potent new immunosuppressive regimens containing tacrolimus or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF). METHODS: Polyomavirus associated nephropathy was identified in nine out of 182 patients who received renal transplantation between October 1998 and July 2003. PVN was confirmed by allograft biopsy. The clinical records of these nine patients were reviewed, as were all of the allograft biopsies. Electron microscopy was performed in all nine cases. After the diagnosis of PVN, maintenance immunosuppression was reduced. The clinical course and outcome of the PVN patients were reviewed in relation to manipulation of immunosuppressive agents. RESULTS: There were nine cases of PVN in renal transplant recipients and the incidence of PVN was 4.9%. All patients with PVN were under triple immunosuppression comprising tacrolimus and MMF. The mean time to a diagnosis of PVN was 7.8 months after transplantation. Three of the nine patients received antirejection therapy prior to PVN. Seven out of nine PVN patients presenting acute allograft dysfunction were initially treated with high-dose intravenous steroid pulse or OKT3 before reduction of the immunosuppression. After reduction of the immunosuppression, seven patients stabilized their renal function. Two (22%) lost their grafts due to persistent PVN and chronic rejection. Two (22%) patients later developed acute rejection after reduction of the immunosuppression. CONCLUSION: PVN can cause allograft dysfunction and graft loss. Renal allograft recipients who are at risk of PVN should be routinely screened with urine cytology and quantitative measurements of viral load in the blood, particularly patients who had graft dysfunction. Early diagnosis and judicious alteration of immunosuppressive agents might permit a superior prognosis and reduce the graft loss from PVN in renal transplant recipients. 相似文献
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While most BK virus infections are asymptomatic, immunosuppression has been associated with BK virus reactivation and impaired graft function or ureteric ulceration in renal transplant patients and hemorrhagic cystitis in bone marrow transplant patients. Oncogenicity is also postulated and this is the first report of a child with a carcinoma of the donor renal pelvis following BK virus allograft nephropathy. Removal of the primary tumor and cessation of immunosuppression led to regression of secondary tumors and a return to health. 相似文献