99 Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件测量左室射血分数

目的评价99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)门控心肌显像Emory Cardiac Toolbox softwere (ECTS)处理软件测量左室射血分数(LVEF)的临床价值.方法 31例受检者,采用静息-多巴酚丁胺负荷一日法,行99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌断层显像,用ECTS软件测量LVEF,并于1周内完成平衡法心室显像,比较2种方法测量LVEF的相关性及一致性.结果①ECTS软件分析左室功能参数的重复性很好,变异系数(CV)均小于2%.②99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件测定LVEF值与平衡法心室显像测定值相关性良好(r=0.893,P<0.001).③ECTS软件测定的LVEF值[(57.3±2.93)%]较心室显像测定值[(46.6±2.86)%]高(t=7.76,P<0.001).结论 99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件与平衡法心室显像测定LVEF值具有较好的相关性,但前者测量值较后者高.99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌显像ECTS软件测定LVEF值能否完全取代平衡法心室显像测定,尚需进一步研究.     

宫颈癌细胞摄取99TcmN(NOEt)2与99Tcm-MIBI动力学对比研究

目的研究99Tcm-氮-二(N-乙基-N-乙氧基二硫代氨基甲酸盐)[N(NOEt)2]在人宫颈癌Hela细胞中的摄取动力学.方法用放射性核素示踪法研究人宫颈癌Hela细胞在37 ℃和22 ℃时对99TcmN(NOEt)2和99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)的摄取动力学.结果 Hela细胞摄取99TcmN(NOEt)2的峰值为46.15%,99Tcm-MIBI为12.60%(P<0.01);5 min时Hela细胞摄取99TcmN(NOEt)2为峰值的65%,99Tcm-MIBI为50%(P<0.05);60 min时99TcmN(NOEt)2在Hela细胞中的滞留率为66.02%,99Tcm-MIBI为56.67%(P<0.05);Hela细胞对99TcmN(NOEt)2的摄取不依赖温度,99Tcm-MIBI摄取则呈温度依赖性.结论 99TcmN(NOEt)2可能较99Tcm-MIBI更适用于肿瘤显像,有潜在的临床应用价值.     

双核素门控心肌断层显像对心肌缺血的诊断价值

目的　提高心肌断层显像技术对冠心病诊断的准确性和实用性。方法　采用双核素门控心肌断层显像对 10 3例受检者进行检查 ,患者分为冠心病组 (3 7例 )和非冠心病组 (66例 )。静息注射2 0 1Tl和运动高峰注入99Tcm 甲氧基异丁基异腈 (MIBI) ,40min后一次性进行门控双能峰断层采集。分析比较运动和静息的断层图像 ,以及室壁运动、心肌灌注、室壁增厚度和区域射血分数值等 4个功能图像和左室功能参数 :左室射血分数、舒张末期容积和收缩末期容积 (LVEF、EDV和ESV) ,并以不同角度的“双网图”分析各心壁运动情况。有 3 8例在 2周内进行冠状动脉造影。结果　冠心病组检查阳性 94.6% (3 5 / 3 7例 ) ,阴性 5 .4% (2 / 3 7例 ) ;非冠心病组中检查阳性 10 .6% (7/ 66例 ) ,阴性89.4% (5 9/ 66例 )。冠心病组中双核素门控心肌断层显像提示心肌缺血共 48个节段 ,其中有 3 2个在功能图像上出现室壁运动下降和 (或 )区域LVEF值降低 (66.7% )。冠心病组LVEF(% ) ,EDV(mL)和ESV(mL)分别为 5 2 .3 3± 16.2 6,70 .45± 2 8.12和 3 3 .3 5± 18.86,非冠心病组分别为 61.76± 9.3 8,60 .45± 18.18和 2 3 .3 0± 11.0 9,两组之间比较P <0 .0 1(t=2 .96) ,P <0 .0 5 (t =2 .5 5 ) ,P <0 .0 5 (t =2 .67)。其中 3 8例与冠状     

用99Tcm-MIBI心肌显像评价犬急性心肌梗死后早期左室重构

目的 使用99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌显像观察犬实验性急性心肌梗死(AMI)后6 h内左心室形态、功能等早期重构变化.方法 杂种犬24条,分为手术组16条,假手术组8条.手术组犬在麻醉下开胸打开心包,结扎冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)主干建成AMI模型.即刻按体重静脉注射99Tcm-MIBI 37～55.5 MBq/kg.结扎LAD后[21.87±11.03(14～48)]min开始行首次显像,并连续采集6 h.假手术组手术过程同上,但不结扎冠状动脉LAD.仪器为ADAC VertexDual-head SPECT仪.结果 结扎后首次显像即可观察到左心室前壁、心尖部放射性缺损或明显减低,左室整体扩张变形、梗死区膨胀无室壁运动.QGS软件计算手术组舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)分别为(48.73±12.74)、(32.57±8.10)ml,与假手术组[分别为(36.88±11.12)、(24.93±7.25)ml]相比差异有显著性(t=5.24、3.50,P＜0.01);左室射血分数(LVEF)为(33.64±6.05)%与假手术组[(32.40±9.20)%]比较差异无显著性(t=0.95,P＞0.05).结扎LAD后6 h内EDV、ESV仍增大,而LVEF无明显变化.结论 99Tcm-MIBI心肌显像可在AMI后早期(最早14min)就观察到左心形态、大小及功能改变等早期左室重构的发生,并可随时间进展了解AMI后心功能受损情况,是研究AMI后左室重构的有用方法.     

双核素阳性显像评价肺癌原发耐药

目的探讨99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)和201Tl双核素阳性显像评估原发性肺癌原发耐药的可靠性.方法对80例原发性肺癌患者行99Tcm-MIBI 和201Tl 肺双核素SPECT显像,定量计算99Tcm-MIBI和201Tl早期及延迟显像的摄取比值、清除率和残留比值,并进行临床化疗前后比较.化疗疗效判断标准显效病灶缩小>50%;改善病灶缩小30%～50%;无效病灶缩小<30%或不缩小;恶化病灶扩展.结果①201Tl各参数与化疗疗效无明显相关性.②以心肌为本底的延迟显像99Tcm-MIBI摄取比值、清除率及残留比值对化疗疗效评估好于以对侧肺为本底的相应参数.99Tcm-MIBI残留比值稳定,显效、改善、无效、恶化组分别为0.24±0.08、0.20±0.11、0.16±0.08、0.14±0.05.③以99Tcm-MIBI清除率>20%为耐药阳性阈值时,阳性预测值、阴性预测值最佳,分别为71.2%和64.3%;以99Tcm-MIBI残留比值<0.21为耐药阳性阈值时,阳性预测值、阴性预测值最佳,分别为79.3%和72.7%.结论 99Tcm-MIBI 肺阳性显像对原发性肺癌耐药判断可靠性高,其残留比值为肺癌耐药判断的最佳参数.     

定量门控99Tcm-tetrofosmin心肌显像测量左室功能

目的探讨定量门控(QG)99Tcm-tetrofosmin心肌显像测量左室功能的临床应用价值.方法74例受试者进行了门控99Tcm-tetrofosmin心肌显像,采用QGSPECT专用分析程序全自动测量左室功能.其中36例同时进行静息门控心室显像,以比较两种方法测量左室功能的相关性.结果①74例99Tcm-tetrofosminQGSPECT全自动定量测定左室功能均获成功.②QGSPECT全自动测量36例受试者的静息左室射血分数(LVEF)、舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)分别与静息门控心室显像计算结果显著正相关(r分别为0.859,0.914,0.950,P均<0.001),重复性好.③心肌缺血组(n=28)静息LVEF与对照组(n=23)比较差异无显著性,而心肌梗死组(n=9)静息LVEF明显低于对照组(t=6.33,P<0.001).结论定量门控心肌显像99Tcm-tetrofosmin能准确评价左室功能.     

运动^99Tc^m—MIBI心肌显像左室暂时性扩大诊断冠状动脉病变的 …

目的　探讨定量分析运动99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)心肌显像左室暂时性扩大诊断冠状动脉(简称冠脉)3支病变的价值。方法　76例拟诊冠心病患者,平均年龄(61±8.3)岁。间隔1个月内完成运动-静息99Tcm-MIBI心肌断层显像和冠脉造影检查。根据心肌短轴断层影像直径方向剖面曲线2个峰值点间的距离计算左心腔面积(LVD),以运动/静息LVD比值(LVDR)作为判断左心腔暂时性扩大的指标。结果　冠脉造影正常组、冠脉1支病变、2支病变和3支病变组LVDR平均值分别为1.01±0.05、1.02±0.05、1.05±0.04和1.13±0.06。76例拟诊冠心病患者中左室暂时性扩大者21例,其中,有冠脉3支病变者19例(90%)。LVDR值诊断冠脉3支病变的灵敏度和特异性分别为82%和94%,常规分析方法分别为50%和91%。其灵敏度显著高于常规分析方法(χ2=4.96,P<0.05),特异性差异无显著性(χ2=1.31,P>0.05),2种分析方法结合,灵敏度进一步提高,而特异性无显著下降。结论　定量分析运动99Tcm-MIBI心肌显像左心腔暂时性扩大可提高其诊断冠脉3支病变的灵敏度,不降低其特异性,LVDR值是诊断冠脉3支病变的1个新的有用指标。     

99Tcm-MIBI半定量显像对甲状腺癌的诊断价值

目的评价半定量99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈(MIBI)显像法对甲状腺癌的诊断价值.方法对269例经病理检查或细胞学证实的甲状腺结节患者的99Tcm-MIBI显像结果进行分析,计算其5和60 min摄取比值(UR),并以甲状腺良性结节组UR值的+s为诊断阈值,分析假阳性和假阴性.结果甲状腺良性结节组5和60 min UR分别为0.806±0.192和0.847±0.189,而甲状腺癌组UR值分别为1.839±0.734和1.675±0.551,同组两时相比较P>0.05,而组间两时相比较P<0.001.以良性结节组+s为诊断阈值,99Tcm-MIBI对甲状腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异性和准确性分别为89.24%、93.82%和87.36%,假阳性率和假阴性率分别为15.78%和12.09%,阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为 77.57% 和93.83%.结论 99Tcm-MIBI半定量显像能较好地鉴别甲状腺结节的良恶性,但缺乏特异性,甲状腺腺瘤和结节性甲状腺肿易出现假阳性.     

99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌灌注断层显像与超声心动测定左室射血分数的对比研究

目的探讨GE VG/Hawkeye单光子发射断层扫描仪(SPECT)随机携带3种左室射血分数算法对静息态99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌断层显像测定左室射血分数(LVEF)的临床应用价值。方法对103例、6组受检者进行门控心肌断层显像,使用3种算法分别测定3组左室射血分数(LVEF0、LVEF1、LVEF2),分别与M型超声心动获得的LVEF(UEF)进行对比分析。结果(1)103例受检者图像显影清晰;(2)根据不同算法获得门控心肌断层显像3组LVEF值(EF0、EF1、EF2)与超声心动图检查结果(UEF)均具有显著相关性(r0=0.948、r1=0.937、r2=0.940),其中EF0与UEF一致性较好;(3)静息态99Tcm-MIBI门控心肌断层显像测定左室射血分数可重复性好(P<0.05);(4)各组间t检验示:心肌缺血组、心梗组及扩张型心肌病组与正常组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);高血压组、心肌炎组、扩张型心肌病和心肌缺血组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);高血压组、心肌炎组、扩张型心肌病组与心梗组比较均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);扩张性心肌病组与心肌炎组比较亦存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论静息态99Tcm-MIBI静息态门控心肌断层显像测定左心室射血分数(LVEF)可靠,3种算法中以第一种最好,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

心肌显像剂99TcmN(NOEt)2动物药理实验和再分布特性

目的对心肌显像剂99Tcm-氮-二(N-乙基-N-乙氧基二硫代氨基甲酸盐)[N(NOEt)2]进行临床前药理实验和再分布特性研究.方法制备的99TcmN(NOEt)2放化纯度>95%,对5只实验犬进行了血药动力学、体内生物分布和显像、99TcmN(NOEt)2和201Tl缺血心肌再分布显像对比和毒性的研究.结果 99TcmN(NOEt)2的放化纯度平均为(98.41±0.46)%,血清除T(α)1/2=(2.8±0.1) min,T(β)1/2=(142.7±32.7) min,总清除速率Cl=(292.3±117.1) mL/h.显像示99TcmN(NOEt)2能被心肌较快地摄取,肺中摄取清除快速,肝摄取较高.在10、30、60、90、120 min时,心肌摄取为(4.27±0.21)、(5.3±1.48)、(5.3±0.66)、(4.0±0.53)和(3.67±0.35)%ID;心/肺和心/肝比值分别是1.24±0.31、2.03±0.45、2.33±0.31、2.23±0.5、2.07±0.49和0.94±0.08、0.78±0.15、0.56±0.22、0.53±0.22、0.38±0.15.在30和60 min时心肌影像最为清晰.99TcmN(NOEt)2在犬缺血心肌中有再分布特征,并与201Tl的再分布显像自身对照结果一致.结论 99TcmN(NOEt)2是很有价值的心肌灌注显像剂,并有与201Tl一样的再分布特征.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.