经蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术323例分析

目的:探讨经蝶窦入路显微手术切除垂体腺瘤的方法和效果.方法:回顾性分析了1997年1月～2008年底经蝶窦切除垂体腺瘤323例的临床资料,对手术入路、手术切除技巧,术后视力和内分泌的变化等进行总结和分析.结果:术后视力及视野好转率达94%,内分泌症状改善达82.5%.肿瘤全切率76.8%,次全切除15.9%,大部切除7.3%.结论:经蝶入路显微手术切除乖体腺瘤疗效满虑,具有损伤小、手术时间短、肿瘤全切率高,并发症少、术后康复时间短、手术死亡率低等优点,可作为垂体腺瘤患者的首选治疗方法.     

经蝶显微手术治疗垂体泌乳素腺瘤109例疗效分析

目的探讨经蝶显微手术治疗垂体泌乳素（PRL）腺瘤的疗效,特别是术后内分泌改变,女性的月经或生育状况及男性性功能变化。方法回顾性分析苏州大学附属第一医院神经外科经蝶显微手术治疗的109例垂体PRL腺瘤,按肿瘤大小分成微腺瘤组和大腺瘤组,按术前PRL值分≤200ng/ml组和〉200ng/ml组。平均随访1年。结果经蝶显微手术治疗垂体PRL腺瘤,肿瘤全切除率89.9%,次全切除率10.1%。术后女性患者月经恢复率92.5%,11例已婚未孕患者术后正常妊娠8例,1例流产1次。29例男性患者15例恢复性功能。结论经蝶显微手术治疗垂体PRL腺瘤效果良好,对内分泌功能,女性已婚患者的生育功能及男性性功能的改善也有很好的效果。     

经单鼻孔-鼻中隔-蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤显微切除术529例临床观察

目的 探讨经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体腺瘤的疗效, 总结经鼻蝶手术治疗垂体腺瘤的手术技巧及并发症预防的经验.方法 回顾性分析了1997年1月～2007年9月经单鼻孔-鼻中隔-蝶窦入路显微手术治疗529例垂体腺瘤的临床资料,对手术入路、手术切除程度、术后视力和内分泌的变化以及并发症等进行总结和分析.结果 除术后瘤腔再出血2例,术后并发心肌梗死死亡患者1例外,其余患者均治愈.肿瘤全切率约为81.2%,93.5%视力下降患者术后较术前有改善,内分泌症状改善率达到85.9%.结论 经鼻蝶入路显微手术切除垂体腺瘤疗效满意,具有损伤小、手术时间短、肿瘤全切率高、并发症少、术后康复时间短、手术死亡率极低、垂体功能保存率高等优点,可作为绝大多数垂体腺瘤患者的首选治疗方法.     

单鼻孔蝶窦入路显微手术治疗垂体腺瘤

目的探讨经蝶入路治疗垂体腺瘤临床意义。方法2000年9月-2008年9月共收治垂体腺瘤患者63例。术前均进行垂体冠状CT重建、MRI动态增强扫描,内分泌学检查。所有患者均经单鼻孔蝶窦入路显微手术肿瘤切除。随访3—36个月。结果肿瘤全切51例,次全切8例,部分切除4例。术后症状及内分泌检查改善60例,5例出现并发症,包括鼻黏膜感染,一过性脑脊液鼻漏,垂体功能低下。4例1年后复发。结论经蝶手术治疗垂体腺瘤创伤小,操作简单,安全,肿瘤切除完全,住院时间短,费用低。     

侵袭性垂体腺瘤的诊断和经蝶手术中的一些常见问题

目的 探讨侵袭性垂体腺瘤的诊断和经蝶手术中的一些常见问题.方法 回顾性分析经蝶手术治疗的1 023例垂体腺瘤的临床资料,结合文献复习.结果 垂体腺瘤全切782例,全切率76.4%(782/1023);侵袭性垂体腺瘤361例,占35.3%,全切率为46.3%(167/361);非侵袭性垂体腺瘤662例,占64.7%,全切率为88.4%(585/662).结论 侵袭性垂体腺瘤的完全界定尚存在困难,其手术全切率低,术后复发率高,疗效有待进一步提高.     

翼点入路显微手术治疗大型垂体腺瘤

目的探讨大型垂体腺瘤显微外科手术治疗方法及经验。方法对3年来经显微手术治疗的36例大型垂体腺瘤进行回顾性分析,总结治疗方法,并评价疗效。结果本组病例全切或近全切31例（86％）,大部分切除3例（8％）,死亡2例（占5％）,其中1例死于术中损伤颈内动脉,导致大出血而死亡,另1例因严重糖尿病,术后并发感染而死亡。结论大型垂体腺瘤的显微手术是安全和有效的方法,显微解剖知识和操作技巧是提高全切率,恢复神经、内分泌功能及降低死亡率的关键。     

12例大垂体腺瘤开颅手术治疗的临床分析

目的探讨大垂体腺瘤显微开颅手术治疗的适应证和疗效。方法回顾分析12例大垂体腺瘤行开颅显微手术治疗患者的临床资料,并复习相关文献。结果12例均行开颅显微手术治疗,11例全切,1例次全切。术后视力及视野明显改善,8例出现尿崩,药物可控制,3月后症状消失。内分泌激素检查7例恢复正常,无死亡病例。随访3月无肿瘤复发。结论对于大垂体腺瘤手术治疗要进行认真的术前评价,只要适应证选择适当,就能取得最好的手术效果。     

功能性垂体腺瘤经蝶窦术后的随访研究

目的:探讨经蝶入路手术治疗泌乳素(PRL)腺瘤、生长激素(GH)腺瘤和促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)腺瘤的效果及手术前后血清内分泌学变化.方法:我科1995年10月至2002年9月用显微外科手术治疗垂体腺瘤254例,其中具有完整血清内分泌学检查结果和MRI随访资料的功能性垂体腺瘤143例,其中PRL腺瘤61例,GH腺瘤50例,ACTH腺瘤32例.平均随访时间为2.3年.结果:GH腺瘤和ACTH腺瘤的全切率明显高于PRL腺瘤(P<0.01),GH腺瘤与ACTH腺瘤相差不显著(P>0.05).肿瘤的全切率与肿瘤的大小相关(P<0.05),微腺瘤全切率高于大腺瘤.肿瘤全切率与肿瘤侵袭性明显相关(P<0.05).PRL腺瘤的复发率明显高于GH腺瘤和ACTH腺瘤(P<0.05).侵袭性垂体腺瘤的复发率高于非侵袭性垂体腺瘤(P<0.05).术后血清内分泌水平均全面降低.结论:GH腺瘤与ACTH腺瘤的治疗效果优于PRL腺瘤.功能性垂体腺瘤的治疗效果与肿瘤的内分泌特征和侵袭性有关.     

经蝶手术治疗泌乳素型垂体腺瘤的临床效果观察

目的探讨分析经蝶手术治疗泌乳素型垂体腺瘤的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析在该院治疗的34例泌乳素型垂体腺瘤患者的临床记录资料。结果治疗后,肿瘤直径小于10 mm,患者的全切率和缓解率均明显高于直径为10~30 mm的患者,也高于直径超过40 mm的患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);非侵袭性肿瘤患者的全切率和缓解率也均明显高于侵袭肿瘤患者,差异亦有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论经蝶手术治疗可有效治疗小型泌乳素型垂体腺瘤,对于直径超过10 mm的大腺瘤和巨大腺瘤来说整体效果相对不佳。     

经额下显微手术切除大型、巨大型垂体腺瘤36例

垂体腺留是神经外科常见的鞍区良性肿瘤。主要治疗手段是手术切除。一般采用经蝶和经额两种入路。而对于大型垂体腺瘤、巨大型垂体腺瘤向鞍上生长者、以及质地坚韧的大垂体腺瘤[5] 等经蝶入路全切难度和危险性都很大。本科 1 995年 1月～ 2 0 0 1年 1 2月收治大型、巨大型垂体腺瘤67例。 31例经额下部分切除肿瘤 ,单纯视神经减压。 36例经额下显微手术切除 ,取得满意效果 ,报道如下。1　临床资料1 .1　一般资料　 67例患者分为肿瘤全切组和部分切除组。肿瘤全切组 36例。男 1 7例 ,女 1 9例 ;年龄 1 9～ 59岁 , ｘ±ｓ(31 .2± 1 0 .6)岁 ;…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.