Cal27裸鼠口腔癌转移模型的建立及其意义

目的 建立Cal27舌鳞癌动物正位移植瘤淋巴道转移模型, 为进一步研究口腔癌细胞转移的规律及分子机制提供帮助.方法 经口底将2×106 Cal27细胞悬液0.08 mL分别注射至24只裸鼠下颌舌骨肌与颏舌肌之间.成瘤后定期测量肿瘤体积, 记录裸鼠体重变化;14 d后处死裸鼠, 对组织切片型HE染色观察组织结构异型性和细胞异形性, 颌下淋巴结及肺、肝有无转移, 并统计转移率.结果 裸鼠在接种Cal27细胞第3天成瘤, 成瘤率100% (24/24) .HE染色示肿瘤组织呈典型鳞癌表现.颌下淋巴结内可见转移鳞癌细胞, 转移率70% (17/24) .肝、肺未见转移.结论 成功建立Cal27裸鼠正位移植瘤淋巴道转移模型.此动物模型能客观反应口腔癌生物学行为, 模拟口腔癌区域淋巴结转移的过程, 是研究口腔鳞状细胞癌侵袭转移较理想动物模型之一.     

人舌鳞癌裸鼠移植瘤模型的建立

目的 为抑癌药物的研究建立人舌鳞癌动物模型.方法 选4-6周裸鼠24只,在其皮下接种体外培养的人舌鳞癌细胞系Tca8113细胞,建立人舌鳞癌移植瘤模型.结果 用本法可成功建立舌癌动物模型.成癌率为98.5%.组织病理学检查示组织呈低分化鳞癌表现.结论 本模型能较客观地反映了人舌鳞癌的生物学行为,为舌癌的生物学、治疗学研究,提供了一个良好动物模型.     

HepG2细胞系皮下接种与肝原位接种成瘤的比较研究

目的 探讨皮下接种成瘤与原位接种成瘤在内环境不同情况下对肿瘤生长、侵袭转移能力的影响.方法 选取人肝癌细胞系HepG2进行体外培养.将BALB/c裸鼠随机分为皮下瘤接种、肝脏原位细胞接种两组.观察裸鼠成瘤率、裸鼠存活率、肿瘤生长速度、肿瘤病理学特点及远处脏器转移.结果 HepG2细胞体外生长状态良好,增殖活跃.皮下接种成瘤率100%,肿瘤呈结节状膨胀性生长,对周围组织有侵袭,但无转移.肝脏原位细胞接种组成瘤率100%,肿瘤呈结节状膨胀性生长,对周围肝组织和腹壁有侵袭,肝内转移率70%,肺转移50%.结论 HepG2细胞皮下和肝原位接种易成瘤,可用于肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)体内研究的实验模型.如果进行HCC的侵袭转移的机制及药物干预治疗等方面的研究,肝原位接种成瘤更能模拟人类肿瘤生长的条件.     

Establishment of whole-body visualization models of ovarian cancer orthotopic and metastatic model in nude mice.

目的 建立整体可视化卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型,实时观察卵巢癌发展、转移的规律.方法 将pEGFP-N1表达质粒转染入人卵巢癌细胞株HO-8910中,建立稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP) 的卵巢癌细胞株 pEGFP-N1/HO-8910,裸鼠皮下接种pEGFP-N1/HO-8910细胞,利用肿瘤细胞表达EGFP的特点,借助整体荧光成像系统,并利用IPP5.0软件采集、分析卵巢癌细胞发出的荧光信号,实时观察卵巢癌细胞在裸鼠皮下的生长情况,利用卵巢癌外科原位手术移植方法建立卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型,应用病理学方法对卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型进行评价和鉴定.结果 卵巢癌细胞 pEGFP-N1/HO-8910 稳定、高效表达EGFP.皮下接种pEGFP-N1/HO-8910细胞后,可以在动物活体外实时观察肿瘤的皮下生长情况,并进行定量分析,利用外科原位移植的方法建立的卵巢癌原位动物模型,成功率达到100%.手术后2周,裸鼠卵巢原位成瘤未发现有转移情况,6周后处死的裸鼠中,有2只(33.3%)发生腹腔转移(癌灶转移到了肠管),在这2只裸鼠中有1只同时出现肝转移.通过病理学方法验证了可视化模型的可靠性.结论 整体可视化卵巢癌动物原位及转模型是研究卵巢癌发展及转移的可靠有效的观察模型.     

建立人喉鳞癌裸鼠移植模型两种方法的比较

目的:建立人喉鳞癌(Hep-2)裸鼠移植模型,比较两种建模方法成瘤效果。方法:将裸鼠随机分成两组,每组8只,两组分别于皮下接种人喉鳞癌细胞悬液和改良法皮下接种瘤块建立动物模型,观察接种成瘤率、肿块大小、生长速度;免疫组化检测人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)蛋白表达。结果:接种3d后,改良瘤块接种法组裸鼠可见皮下隆起瘤体,接种1周后,皮下接种瘤细胞法和改良瘤块接种法成瘤率分别为75%、87.5%,比较第1周瘤体体积,P<0.05,但成瘤后肿瘤生长方面无明显的差别(比较第3周瘤体体积,P>0.05),两种方法成瘤后的瘤块hTERT蛋白表达阳性率相同。结论:采用改良瘤块接种法成瘤率高,生长速度快,且裸鼠皮下肿瘤较好的继承了人喉鳞癌细胞的重要生物学特点,该法能较好建立了人喉鳞癌裸鼠移植模型,为后续以端粒酶为靶点的体内抗肿瘤研究奠定良好基础。     

加压氧对人喉咽癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的作用

目的观察加压氧对人喉咽癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的作用。方法将40只雄性裸鼠随机分为空白对照组A1(成瘤5d后处死)、空白对照组A2(成瘤10d后处死)、加压氧组B1(成瘤后加压氧暴露5d后处死)、加压氧组B2(成瘤后加压氧暴露10d后处死),每组10只,接种喉咽鳞癌Fadu细胞建立裸鼠喉咽癌移植瘤模型,分别暴露于空气中和加压氧中,实验结束后处死各组裸鼠,观察和记录肿瘤质量、体积,计算肿瘤质量抑制率和体积抑制率,并进行组织病理学观察。结果各组肿瘤组织病理学检查均示肿瘤为低分化鳞状细胞癌。加压氧组B1肿瘤质量抑制率为20.1%,体积抑制率为20.5%;加压氧组B2肿瘤质量抑制率为13.7%,体积抑制率为10.3%。结论加压氧对裸鼠喉咽癌移植瘤生长有一定的抑制作用。     

整体可视化结肠癌原位动物模型及转移模型的建立

目的 建立整体可视化结肠癌原位动物模型及转移模型,实时观察结肠癌发展、转移的规律.方法 将pEGFP-N1表达质粒转染入人结肠癌细胞株SW480中,建立稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的结肠癌细胞株SW480/EGFP;裸鼠皮下接种SW480/EGFP细胞,利用肿瘤细胞表达EGFP的特点,借助整体荧光成像系统,并利用IPP5.0软件采集、分析结肠癌细胞发出的荧光信号,实时观察结肠癌细胞在裸鼠皮下的生长情况;利用结肠癌外科原位手术移植方法建立结肠癌原位及转移动物模型,应用病理学方法对结肠癌原位及转移动物模型进行评价和鉴定.结果 结肠癌细胞SW480/EGFP稳定、高效表达EGFP.皮下接种SW480/EGFP细胞后,可以在动物活体外实时观察肿瘤的皮下生长情况,并进行定量分析;利用外科原位移植的方法建立的结肠癌原位动物模型,成功率达到100%.手术后2周,裸鼠结肠原位成瘤未发现有转移情况,手术后6周,75%裸鼠发生了腹腔转移,50%发生了肝转移.通过病理学方法验证了可视化模型的可靠性.结论 整体可视化结肠癌动物原位及转移模型是研究结肠癌发展及转移的可靠有效的观察模型.     

整体可视化卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型的建立

目的建立整体可视化卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型,实时观察卵巢癌发展、转移的规律。方法将pEGFP-N1表达质粒转染入人卵巢癌细胞株HO-8910中,建立稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的卵巢癌细胞株pEGFP-N1/HO-8910,裸鼠皮下接种pEGFP-N1/HO-8910细胞,利用肿瘤细胞表达EGFP的特点,借助整体荧光成像系统,并利用IPP5.0软件采集、分析卵巢癌细胞发出的荧光信号,实时观察卵巢癌细胞在裸鼠皮下的生长情况,利用卵巢癌外科原位手术移植方法建立卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型,应用病理学方法对卵巢癌原位及转移动物模型进行评价和鉴定。结果卵巢癌细胞pEGFP-N1/HO-8910稳定、高效表达EGFP。皮下接种pEGFP-N1/HO-8910细胞后,可以在动物活体外实时观察肿瘤的皮下生长情况,并进行定量分析,利用外科原位移植的方法建立的卵巢癌原位动物模型,成功率达到100%。手术后2周,裸鼠卵巢原位成瘤未发现有转移情况,6周后处死的裸鼠中,有2只(33.3%)发生腹腔转移(癌灶转移到了肠管),在这2只裸鼠中有1只同时出现肝转移。通过病理学方法验证了可视化模型的可靠性。结论整体可视化卵巢癌动物原位及转移模型是研究卵巢癌发展及转移的可靠有效的观察模型。     

人胃癌裸鼠胃原位移植转移模型的建立

目的 :建立人胃癌裸鼠原位移植转移模型 .方法 :用人胃癌细胞悬殊液接种于裸鼠皮下 ,形成稳定传代的皮下移植瘤 ,将皮下移植瘤组织再接种于裸鼠胃浆膜下 ,称为间接胃原位移植模型 ,并与直接用细胞悬液接种于裸鼠胃浆膜下、皮下、腹腔、尾静脉的移植瘤模型比较 ,观察移植肿瘤的生长状况、移植成功率和自发转移的发生率及组织学变化及细胞动力学改变等生物学特性 .结果 :肿瘤组织块保留了人胃腺癌的组织学特片 ,尾静脉注射与直接原位接种成瘤率均为6 0 % ,间接原位接种模型移植成瘤率为 80 % ,皮下与腹腔接种成瘤率均为 10 0 % .间接胃原位移植模型肝脏转移率为6 0 % ,直接胃原位移植模型肝脏转移率为 33.3% (P <0 .0 5 )尾静脉移植瘤模型仅见肝脏转移 ,实验过程中裸鼠衰竭处死后的肺脏经连续组织切片未见瘤细胞侵袭 .移植瘤细胞具有分泌CEA的功能 ,细胞动力学检测显示以五倍体细胞为主 .结论 :人胃癌裸鼠皮下 -胃原位移植瘤模型的生物学行学与人胃癌自然生长和转移过程相似 ,为研究人胃癌转移机制提供了理想的模型 .     

人结肠癌细胞系GFP裸鼠移植瘤模型的建立与观察

[摘要] 目的 建立GFP裸鼠结肠癌肿瘤模型,并与普通裸鼠结肠癌肿瘤模型进行比较,观察其在肿瘤形态学、生物学特性及病理学之间的差异。方法 将处于对数生长期的KM12SM人结肠癌细胞分别接种于10只GFP裸鼠和10只裸鼠的右侧腋窝皮下,观察成瘤时间,肿瘤体积及病理形态等情况。结果 GFP裸鼠平均成瘤时间约为4~5d,裸鼠约为6~8d;接种第20天,裸鼠组测得体积约为（3463.43?41.39）mm3,GFP裸鼠组肿瘤体积约为（4923.46?21.72）mm3, 存在显著差异。镜下见肿瘤细胞生长活跃,大小较为均匀,部分区域可见腺腔形成。结论 经比较研究,GFP裸鼠在结肠癌肿瘤模型的成瘤时间,肿瘤质量等方面较裸鼠具有一定的优势,可为结肠癌转移的机制探讨和诊断治疗研究提供更为理想的动物模型。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.