NP与EP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的比较

为观察比较长春瑞滨(NVB)联合顺铂(DDP)组成的NP方案与依托泊苷(Vp16)联合DDP组成的EP方案,治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(nonsmall cell lung cancer,NSCLC)的疗效和毒性反应,选取82例晚期NSCLC患者,随机分为NP和EP两组进行化疗。结果示,NP组有效率为52.5%(21/40),EP组有效率为28.6%(12/42),NP组疗效优于EP组,但差异尚无统计学意义,u=1.855,P=0.064。两组剂量限制毒性均为骨髓抑制,消化道反应可以耐受。初步研究结果提示,NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC的疗效高于EP方案。     

NP与EP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的比较

为观察比较长春瑞滨（NVB）联合顺铂（DDP）组成的NP方案与依托泊苷（Vp-16）联合DDP组成的EP方案,治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）的疗效和毒性反应,选取82例晚期NSCLC患者,随机分为NP和EP两组进行化疗.结果示,NP组有效率为52.5%（21/40）,EP组有效率为28.6%（12/42）,NP组疗效优于EP组,但差异尚无统计学意义,u=1.855,P=0.064.两组剂量限制毒性均为骨髓抑制,消化道反应可以耐受.初步研究结果提示,NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC的疗效高于EP方案.     

GP与NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床比较研究

目的:比较GP(吉西他滨 顺铂)与NP(去甲长春碱 顺铂)方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和毒副作用。方法:70例Ⅲb~Ⅳ期NSCLC患者,依入院次序分组,接受GP或NP方案化疗2周期后评价疗效。结果:GP组有效率47.1 %(16/34),NP组有效率44.4 %(16/36),两组近期疗效比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);GP组Ⅲ度~ Ⅳ度白细胞下降5例(14.7 %),NP组20例(55.6 %),两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);GP组Ⅲ度~ Ⅳ度血小板下降10例(29.4 %),NP组2例(5.6 %),两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:GP和NP方案都是治疗晚期NSCLC的有效方案,两方案毒副作用比较,NP组白细胞下降明显,GP组血小板减少明显。     

ITP与NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的随机对照临床研究

目的　比较ITP(异环磷酰胺 +吡喃阿霉素 +顺铂 )与NP(去甲长春花碱 +顺铂 )方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床有效率和毒副作用。方法　 10 0例不能手术或术后复发转移的Ⅲ～Ⅳ期NSCLC患者随机分组 ,接受ITP或NP方案化疗 2～ 3个周期后评价疗效。结果　①ITP组有效率为 5 1.1%,部分缓解率为46.8%;NP组有效率为 5 0 .9%,部分缓解率为 49.1%,两组近期疗效比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。②ITP组Ⅲ～Ⅳ度白细胞下降 2 8例 ( 5 9.6%) ,NP组 2 0例 ( 3 7.7%) ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;Ⅲ～Ⅳ度消化道反应ITP组 10例 ( 2 1.3 %) ,NP组 12例 ( 2 2 .6%) ,两组比较无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　ITP和NP方案是治疗晚期NSCLC较有效的方案。与ITP方案相比 ,NP方案疗效相似而血液学毒性较轻     

GP 方案与NP 方案治疗晚期非小细胞 肺癌的疗效比较

 目的　观察吉西他滨联合顺铂( GP 方案) 与长春瑞滨联合顺铂(NP 方案) 治疗晚期非小细胞肺 癌(NSCLC) 的疗效、生存率及毒副反应。方法　对80 例经病理或细胞学证实的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者 给予联合化疗,GP 方案41 例,NP 方案39 例,两组病例具有可比性。吉西他滨1 000 mg/ m2 ,静脉滴注 第1 、8 天,顺铂30 mg/ m2 ,静脉滴注第1～3 天,长春瑞滨25 mg/ m2 ,静脉滴注第1 、8 天,21 天为一个周 期,每例患者治疗2 周期以上。结果　GP 组总有效率41. 5 % ,1 年生存率36. 6 % ,中位生存期9. 4月;NP 组总有效率38. 5 % ,1 年生存率35. 9 % ,中位生存期8. 9月。两组间有效率、1 年生存率比较差异无统计 学意义( P > 0. 05) 。最常见的毒副反应为骨髓抑制,GP 组Ⅲ～ Ⅳ度血小板减少发生率显著高于NP 组 ( P < 0. 05) ,而NP 组Ⅲ～ Ⅳ度白细胞减少发生率显著高于GP 组( P < 0. 05) 。结论　GP 方案与NP 方 案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC) ,疗效肯定,毒性均可耐受。两方案疗效无显著差异。     

两种不同长春碱类药物治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效比较

目的 :比较VP(长春地辛、顺铂 )方案、NP(异长春花碱、顺铂 )方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和毒性。方法 :对应用VP方案、NP方案治疗的 78例NSCLC的病例的临床资料进行统计分析。结果 :NP组总有效率为 52 4 % (2 2 / 4 2 ) ,其中完全缓解 1例 ;VP组总有效率为 4 1 7(15/36 ) ,毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制 ,以白细胞、血小板下降较明显 ,其次为腹胀、便秘及末梢神经毒性 (末梢神经炎、肌痛 ) ,在VP组较为严重 (P <0 0 5)。结论 :以异长春花碱为主的NP方案是治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌较为有效和安全的方案。     

GP方案和NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效和不良反应比较

目的比较GP方案和NP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效和不良反应。方法晚期NSCLC患者57例,分别接受吉西他滨＋顺铂（GP）方案或长春瑞滨＋顺铂（NP）方案治疗。GP组29例,吉西他滨1 000 mg/m2,d1、d8,静滴,顺铂25 mg/m2,d1-3,静滴;NP组28例,长春瑞滨25 mg/m2,d1、d8,静滴,顺铂25 mg/m2,d1-3,静滴;21天为1周期,治疗2周期以上评定疗效。结果GP组有效率37.9%,NP组有效率28.6%,两组有效率差异无统计学意义（P=0.576）。不良反应主要为骨髓抑制,GP组血小板减少高于NP组,NP组白细胞下降高于GP组。结论GP方案和NP方案治疗晚期NSCLC均有较好的疗效且疗效相当,不良反应均可耐受。     

NP与GP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌临床观察

目的　研究国产长春瑞滨联合顺铂 (NP方案 )和国产吉西他滨联合顺铂 (GP方案 )治疗晚期NSCLC临床疗效对比观察。方法　将 45例随机分为NP组 2 4例和GP组 2 1例 ,治疗 2个化疗周期以上。结果　两组有效率分别为 45 .8%和 42 .9% ,临床稳定率分别为 91.7%和 90 .5 % ,均无显著差异 ,但GP组血液学毒性及静脉炎发生率明显低于NP组。结论　GP和NP方案均为治疗中晚期NSCLC较好的方案。特别是GP方案更适合老年体弱患者     

NP与NO方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的对比观察

目的 比较长春瑞滨联合顺铂(NP)与长春瑞滨联合奥沙利铂(N0)方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌( NSCLC)的临床疗效和毒副反应.方法56例无法手术或术后复发转移的老年晚期NSCLC随机分为两组,分别给予NP和NO方案化疗,治疗2个周期后分别评价临床疗效和毒副反应.结果NP方案组总有效率为46.2%,NO方案组为50....     

NP和MVP方案治疗非小细胞肺癌的初步比较

目的]初步比较NP和MVP方案对晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效和不良反应。[方法]45例Ⅲ期或Ⅳ期NSCLC患者随机分为A组和B组 ,A组应用NP(去甲长春花碱 顺铂)方案化疗 ,B组应用MVP(丝裂霉素 长春花碱酰胺 顺铂)方案化疗 ,至少连用2周期后评价疗效和不良反应。[结果]两组均无完全缓解病例 ,A组有效率为45 5 %(10/22) ,B组35 0 %(7/20) ,差异无显著性(P>0 05)。其中对腺癌有效率A组为53 3 %(8/15) ,B组为35 7%(4/14)。A组静脉炎发生率为27 3 %(6/22) ,B组为0(P<0 05) ;其它不良反应两组均相似。[结论]NP方案为治疗晚期NSCLC较为有效和安全的化疗方案。     

Oncogénétique et psycho-oncologie, une collaboration recommandée...

Résumé: La possibilité depuis 1994, de connaître la probabilité individuelle de développer certains cancers a permis de proposer de nouvelles modalités de prévention, de traitements et contribué au développement actuel de loncogénétique. Une meilleure connaissance des répercussions psychologiques tant pour les patients que pour les apparentés est désormais possible et limplication des psycho-oncologues dans ce cadre de la réalisation des tests prédictifs, recommandée. La mission de «messager» qui incombe au «cas-index» doit faire lobjet dune attention particulière. La complexité de linformation et la dimension paradoxale que peut avoir parfois la communication à propos des choix, rend difficile lévaluation de la qualité du consentement. La situation particulièrement délicate dune aide à la décision à légard de la chirurgie prophylactique, exige une collaboration étroite des généticiens et des psycho-oncologues.Les soins de support en oncologie     

The role of papillomaviruses in human cancers

This review comprehensively evaluates the influence of gene-gene, gene-environment and multiple interactions on the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods of studying these interactions and their limitations have been discussed herein. There is a need to develop biomarkers of exposure and of risk that are sensitive, specific, present in the pathway of the disease, and that have been clinically tested for routine use. The influence of inherited variation (polymorphism) in several genes has been discussed in this review; however, due to study limitations and confounders, it is difficult to conclude which ones are associated with the highest risk (either individually or in combination with environmental factors) to CRC. The majority of the sporadic cancer is believed to be due to modification of mutation risk by other genetic and/or environmental factors. Micronutrient deficiency may explain the association between low consumption of fruit/vegetables and CRC in human studies. Mitochondrial modulation by dietary factors influences the balance between cell renewal and death critical in colon mucosal homeostasis. Both genetic and epigenetic interactions are intricately dependent on each other, and collectively influence the process of colorectal tumorigenesis. The genetic and environmental interactions present a good prospect and a challenge for prevention strategies for CRC because they support the view that this highly prevalent cancer is preventable.     

Antifungal combination therapy in localized candidosis

A mouse model of localized candidosis in air-filled subcutaneous cysts imitating thrush has been developed. We have now tested various antifungal combinations in this animal model. Flucytosine (5-FC) + amphotericin B (Amph B) showed the highest efficacy, a clear additive or even synergistic effect was seen. The combination of 5-FC + imidazole or triazole derivative was less efficacious, an additive effect was rare. The combination of 5-FC + Amph B was also tested against Candida albicans strains showing various degrees of 5-FC-resistance. A significant reduction in 5-FC-resistant mutants was seen after the treatment with the combination.     

Les génériques en cancérologie: à molécule identique, médicaments identiques? Les biosimilaires, des super-génériques?

Résumé: Les biosimilaires vont bientôt voir leur apparition en Europe. Comment un laboratoire peut-il aborder le développement de son dossier dAMM? Quelles sont les bases légales et les recommandations officielles? Comment la similarité et/ou le caractère générique peuvent-ils être démontrés? Les règles sont-elles identiques à celles des produits chimiques conventionnels pour lesquels, notamment en cancérologie, il existe des médicaments génériques? Comment faire pour que la sécurité et lefficacité des médicaments biosimilaires soient assurées pour les patients?     

Cancer immunotherapy

Unprecedented progress has seen made in the last decade in the field of cancer immunotherapy. The recent approval of nivolumab （Opdivo）, the first anti-programmed cell death-1 （PD-1） antibody, for metastatic melanoma in Japan, marked a milestone in the rapidly advancing field of cancer immunotherapy. Nivolumab together with ipilimumab （Yervoy）, the anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 （CTLA-4） antibody, are the first 2 drugs in the class of ＂immune checkpoint inhibitors＂ that have delivered impressive responses in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell cancer （RCC） as well as a variety of solid tumors.     

Effect of tumor therapeutic irradiation on the mechanical properties of teeth tissue

Tumor irradiation of the head-neck area is accompanied by the development of a so-called radiation caries in the treated patients. In spite of conservative therapeutic measures, the process results in tooth destruction. The present study investigated the effects of irradiation on the demineralization and remineralization of the dental tissue. For this purpose, retained third molars were prepared and assigned either to a test group, which was exposed to fractional irradiation up to 60 Gy, or to a non-irradiated control group. Irradiated and non-irradiated teeth were then demineralized using acidic hydroxyl-cellulose gel; afterwards the teeth were remineralized using either Bifluorid12 or elmex gelee. The nanoindentation technique was used to measure the mechanical properties, hardness and elasticity, of the teeth in each of the conditions. The values were compared to the non-irradiated control group. Irradiation decreased dramatically the mechanical parameters of enamel and dentine. In nonirradiated teeth, demineralization had nearly the same effects of irradiation on the mechanical properties. In irradiated teeth, the effects of demineralization were negligible in comparison to non-irradiated teeth. Remineralization with Bifluorid12 or elmex gelee led to a partial improvement of the mechanical properties of the teeth. The enamel was more positively affected by remineralization than the dentine.     

Consultation multidisciplinaire pour les patients atteints d’une pathologie tumorale (carcinome infiltrant ou lésion précancéreuse) liée à HPV : la consultation multidisciplinaire papillomavirus

Given the recent increase in the number of human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancers in other locations than gynaecological, the number of patients with two cancers at distinct sites, and because of the lack of exhaustive data, we decided to create a multidisciplinary network around an HPV consultation at the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital (HEGP). This network aims to set up the best tools for detecting HPV-associated “multisite” precancerous lesions in order to determine the possible impact of dedicated care for this at-risk population. This monthly consultation was created at the HEGP in June 2014. It is currently organized around five consultations: gynaecological, ENT, urological, digestive and immunological. Every patient who has been diagnosed with HPV-related cancer and whose care is provided at the HEGP is offered this particular follow-up: systematically, once the initial lesion has been treated, the patient is convened annually for a day during which it benefits from the consultations mentioned above. A consultation with a psychologist is systematically proposed. Local samples are taken at each site: a cytological examination, the analysis of known predictive and prognostic virological markers are carried out. This study fits more broadly in a theme of clinical and fundamental research around cancers related to HPV.     

Differentiation state and invasiveness of human breast cancer cell lines

Summary Eighteen breast cancer cell lines were examined for expression of markers of epithelial and fibroblastic differentiation: E-cadherin, desmoplakins, ZO-1, vimentin, keratin and ₁ and ₄ integrins. The cell lines were distributed along a spectrum of differentiation from epithelial to fibroblastic phenotypes. The most well-differentiated, epithelioid cell lines contained proteins characteristic of desmosomal, adherens and tight junctions, were adherent to one another on plastic and in the basement membrane matrix Matrigel and were keratin-positive and vimentin-negative. These cell lines were all weakly invasive in anin vitro chemoinvasion assay. The most poorly-differentiated, fibroblastic cell lines were E-cadherin-, desmoplakin- and ZO-1-negative and formed branching structures in Matrigel. They were vimentin-positive, contained only low levels of keratins and were highly invasive in thein vitro chemoinvasion assay. Of all of the markers analyzed, vimentin expression correlated best within vitro invasive ability and fibroblastic differentiation. In a cell line with unstable expression of vimentin, T47D_CO, the cells that were invasive were of the fibroblastic type. The differentiation markers described here may be useful for analysis of clinical specimens and could potentially provide a more precise measure of differentiation grade yielding more power for predicting prognosis.