固定化小棘青霉菌生产磷霉素的研究

小棘青霉３１４９菌株的孢子经海藻酸钙包埋后用如下培养基培养：葡萄糖５．Ｏ％；蛋白胨２．Ｏ％；酵母膏０．３％；麦芽浸膏５．０％；（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４０．１％；ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ０．１％；ＦｅＳＯ４·７Ｈ２０．０５％；ＮａＣ１０．５％（ｐＨ６．５），控制培养温度为２８℃，当顺式丙烯磷酸加入量为０．３％时，振荡培养８天其转化率达４０％，在同样条件下高于游离菌丝细胞，固定化孢子的代谢曲线与游离菌丝细胞相比均拖后一段时期，固定化小球可以重复使用，随着重复次数的增加，其发酵周期可由８天缩至６天。     

妥布霉素产生菌的选育研究

本文首次报道铜蒸气激光选育妥布霉素产生菌－黑暗链霉素（Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｍｙｃｅｓｔｅｎｅｂｒａｒｉｕｓ）的研究结果，在相同实验条件下，铜蒸气激光辐照黑暗链霉菌比其随后又以氯化锂复合处理的选育效果好，在铜蒸气激光辐照后，获得实验高产株，发酵单位比对照未辐照者提高７．２％。     

药用植物莪术的组织培养快速繁殖与植株再生的研究

通过茎尖培养实现了中药莪术试管苗的快速繁殖并从试管苗基部诱导出了愈伤组织。实验表明：以ＭＳ培养基为基本培养基。附加ＺＴ４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ０．５～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ适于丛生芽的诱导与增殖;附加２,４－Ｄ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ４．０～６．０ｍｇ／Ｌ适于愈伤组织的诱导;附加２,４－Ｄ１．０～２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ０．２～０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ适于愈伤组织的继代培养;附加ＫＴ４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ适于愈伤组织的分化。     

吸水链霉菌FC904（Streptomyces hygroscopicus FC904）原生质体？…

目的 探讨吸水链霉菌ＦＣ９０４原生质体形成的影响因素。方法 用溶菌酶处理Ｓ．ｈｙｒｏｓｃｏｐｉｃｕｓ ＦＣ９０４的菌丝体,比较在不同条件下原生质体的形成数。结果Ｓ．ｈｙｇｒｏｓｃｏｐｉｃｕｓ Ｃ９０４在不同条件下原生质体的形成数不同,其原生质形形成的最适条件为：在菌丝体生长培养基中添加０．７％甘氨酸及１０％的蔗糖;采用生长旺盛期的菌丝体制备原生质体;溶菌酶适宜浓度为２ｍｇ／ｍｌ;溶菌温度范围３０￣     

平阳霉素局部注射治疗头颈部海绵状血管瘤20例

海绵状血管瘤系头颈部常见的良性肿瘤。我们于１９９６年４月～１９９８年１０月采用平阳霉素局部注射治疗２０例 ,疗效良好 ,报道如下。１．一般资料 :本组男１５例 ,女５例;年龄１２～６２岁 ,平均２５岁。血管瘤２ｃｍ×２．５ｃｍ～８ｃｍ×７ｃｍ ;位于颈部６例 ,额部３例 ,舌部３例 ,颊部２例 ,腭部３例 ,唇部２例 ,口底部１例。２．治疗方法 :治疗前均行胸部Ｘ线透视 ,血、尿常规及肝、肾功能检查均正常。首次治疗时将平阳霉素４ｍｇ加０．９ %氯化钠注射液３ｍｌ、２%利多卡因１ｍｌ、地塞米松５ｍｇ混合溶解 ,然后用７号针直接刺…     

人脑颞叶类固醇5α—还原酶活性的酶放射分析

目的：对粝固醇５α－还原酶在人脑颞叶组织中的活性分布进行研究。方法：采用＾３Ｈ标记和未标记睾酮的混合液为酶作用底物，建立类固醇５α－还原酶的酶放射分析法。结果：在人脑颞叶组织中５α－还原酶以两种同工酶形式存在，其最适反应ＰＨ值分别为７．０（５α－还原酶１）和５．５（５α－还原酶２）；酶活性分别为４２．０±１１．２ｐｍｏｌ．ｈ＾－１．ｍｇ＾－１蛋白和２６．２±７．１ｐｍｏｌｌ．ｈ＾－１．ｍｇ＾－１蛋     

端粒序列长度变异与白血病关系研究

对１９例白血病患和２０例正常对照外周血基因组ＤＮＡ端粒限制性片段长度分析以探讨端粒序列与白血病形态的关系。结果发现,正常对照的ＴＲＦ长度在７．２－９．２ｋｂ,平均长度８．４±１．２ｋｂ;白血病患为２．９－７．７ｋｂ,平均长度５．０±１．７ｋｂ,其中,急性白血病患的为３．０－７．７ｋｂ,平均长度４．８±０．９ｋｂ;慢性白血病患的为２．９－７．０ｋｂ,平均长度５．２±１．３ｋｂ。通过ｔ检验发现     

杜仲愈伤组织培养及其超低温保存

采用单因子比较、正交设计和均匀设计法，分别考察影响杜仲（ＥｕｃｏｍｍｉａｕｌｍｏｉｄｅｓＯｌｉｖ．）愈伤组织诱导、生长及其超低温保存的因素。研究结果表明：愈伤组织诱导的最适培养基为Ｂ５＋６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ；愈伤组织生长较佳的培养基是ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２．４－Ｄ３ｍｇ／Ｌ。超低温保存的最佳材料是２周龄的愈伤组织；较好的冷冻保护剂是１２．５％Ｇｌｙ＋７．５％ＰＥＧ＋２．５ｇ／ＬＬＨ。     

人工肾代替人工肺治疗Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的实验研究

应用人工肾空心纤维透析器持续正压（８～１２ｋＰａ）通入Ｏ２代替人工肺治疗５只Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭的家犬，经Ａ─Ｖ接体外转流２小时获得满意的效果。血流通过人工肾前、后氧分压（ＰＯ２）由９．１５±０．９５ｋＰａ上升到７２．５５±１４．０３ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．００１），二氧化碳（ＰＣＯ２）由６．３４士０．９６ｋＰａ下降到４．０８±０．９９ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。实验动物在治疗前、后氧分压（ＰＯ２）由７．１１±０．６１ｋＰａ上升到１０．６９±１．８１ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０５），二氧化碳分压（ＰＣＯ２）由７．８３±０．９６下降到５．４７±１．４４ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０５），５只实验动物无１例死亡。     

LAK细胞联合放疗对晚期口腔癌的临床应用研究

采用白细胞介素－２体外激活的ＬＡＫ细胞联合放疗，对２例牙龈癌、１例颊粘膜癌、２例上颌窦癌进行治疗，均有明显疗效。其中１例经ＣＴ及病理组织证实肿瘤组织钙化成骨组织，１例转移性淋巴结吸收。治疗前后免疫功能测定：Ｌｅｕ１１（１４．６±３．７／２５．２±５．０）、Ｌｅｕ７（１３．５±２．５／２５．８±３．２）、ＯＫＭ，（１７．６±５．２／３１．３±１２．５）阳性细胞率明显增加（Ｐ＜０．０１），酸性白血球总数（１０９．０±１０７．８／１７０４．１±７７３．８）增加有显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＩｇＭ（８２．０±１０．５／１２０．０±２０．６）也表现为增高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.