腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术治疗外伤性脾破裂体会

目的 探讨腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法在外伤性脾破裂脾切除术中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析自2010年10月至2012年10月我院38例应用腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法治疗外伤性脾破裂脾切除术患者的临床资料。结果 本组38例经腹腔镜手术治疗的患者均获治愈,其中5例因术中出血量较大改为手助式腹腔镜切除,2例应用切割闭合器切除,无中转开腹。术后均无继发感染、再出血、胰漏等并发症。手术用时平均70 min,术后24～48 h拔引流管,平均住院7.5 d。结论 对于外伤性脾破裂患者选择性施行腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术安全有效,值得推广。     

腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除

目的总结腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除的应用价值。方法2006年9月～2007年5月,行腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除13例,其中外伤性脾破裂出血5例、特发性血小板减少性紫癜2例、肝硬化脾功能亢进6例。结果全部镜下完成,未使用手辅助。手术时间150～300min,平均210min,术中出血50～800ml,平均350ml,术后住院5～9d,平均7.5d,无手术并发症。随访1～6个月,血小板均在正常范围。结论腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术安全、可行、微创。     

二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术在肝硬化门脉高压症脾功能亢进中的应用

目的:探讨肝硬化门脉高压症脾功能亢进轻中度脾肿大行腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术的可行性、有救性和安全性.方法:对2009年1月至2010年12月施行腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法行脾切除治疗肝硬化门脉高压症脾功能亢进轻中度脾肿大25例患者的临床资料进行回顾分析.结果:除1例因大出血中转开腹外,均顺利完成手术.手术时间平均180 min,术中出血平均260 ml,无严重并发症.结论:肝硬化门脉高压症脾功能亢进轻中度脾肿大患者行腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法脾切除安全有效,值得临床推广应用.     

应用二级脾蒂离断法行腹腔镜脾切除术的临床研究

目的:探讨应用二级脾蒂离断法行腹腔镜脾切除术的实用性、有效性与安全性。方法:回顾分析2012年9月至2014年9月为21例患者行腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术的临床资料。结果:21例患者均顺利完成手术。术中生命体征平稳,手术时间55~150 min,平均(78.4±27.3)min,术中出血量50~300 ml,平均(75.5±29.1)ml,术后胃肠功能恢复时间24~48 h,平均(31.0±15.1)h,术后48~72 h拔除腹腔引流管,术后切口感染1例,无出血、胃肠瘘、血栓、胰漏等严重并发症,术后住院6~10 d,平均(6.0±3.1)d。随访3个月至2年,患者均恢复良好,无严重并发症发生。结论:腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术是安全、有效的,具有减少术中出血、控制手术费用、减少胰尾损伤、降低胃肠瘘与术后脾热发生率等优点,值得临床推广应用。     

腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法与内镜下切割吻合器脾切除术的对比分析

目的 对比研究二级脾蒂离断法与内镜下切割吻合器(Endo-GIA)法在腹腔镜脾切除术中的应用,以评价腹腔镜脾切除术在临床推广应用的可行性.方法 2002年1月至2011年10月间腹腔镜脾切除术40例,其中14例采用Endo-GIA法,24例采用二级脾蒂离断法.结果 40例腹腔镜脾切除术中有2例因术中出血难止、手术视野模糊而中转开腹,中转开腹率为5%,并且均为初次开展手术者.使用二级脾蒂离断法的患者留置引流时间、术后住院时间长于Endo-GIA法(P＜0.05),而住院费用明显低于Endo-GIA法(P＜0.05).两组手术时间、术中失血量、术后进食时间、第一天引流量比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 采用解剖二级脾蒂离断法,免除了Endo-GIA的使用,该法有助于合理应用卫生资源,降低医疗成本,减轻患者经济和心理负担.     

二级脾蒂离断法与Endo-GIA法在腹腔镜脾切除术中临床对照研究

目的 探讨二级脾蒂离断法在腹腔镜脾切除术中的临床应用价值。方法 40例脾亢患者随机分为：行二级脾蒂离断法的试验组和使用ENDO-GIA离断脾蒂的对照组。观察两组患者围手术期的出血量、手术时间、术后并发症、住院时间及住院费用等情况。结果40例患者手术均成功完成,两组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、术后出血量均无明显差异（P>0.05）。但在住院费用、高淀粉酶血症、术后发热时,差异有显著性,试验组优于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 二级脾蒂离断法安全、可行,值得临床推广应用。     

二级脾蒂离断与自制取脾袋在三孔法腹腔镜脾切除中的应用

目的 总结二级脾蒂离断及自制取脾袋在三孔法腹腔镜脾脏切除中的应用.方法 2007年6月至2009年4月间,对11例病人行完全腹腔镜下三孔法二级脾蒂离断法处理脾蒂切除脾脏.结果 全组11例手术过程均顺利,术中出血少、创伤小、术后恢复快,无并发症发生,均痊愈出院.结论 在三孔法完全腹腔镜脾切除术中,应用二级脾蒂离断法不仅安全可行,而且节省费用,具有较大的临床推广价值.     

二级脾蒂结扎速两步离断法在腹腔镜脾切除术中的应用

目的 探讨腹腔镜脾切除术采用结扎速血管闭合系统(LigaSure)二级脾蒂两步离断法处理脾蒂及联合应用超声刀离断脾周韧带的安全性、有效性及经济性.方法 总结分析32例腹腔镜脾切除术应用LigaSure二级脾蒂两步离断法及联合超声刀离断脾周韧带的体会及治疗效果.其中男性4例,女性28例;年龄16～64岁,中位年龄36岁.脾脏长径11～23 cm,平均长径17 cm;特发性血小板减少性紫癜19例、遗传性球形红细胞增多症6例(其中同一家系5例)、溶血性贫血3例、脾外伤血肿感染2例、Evan综合征1例、白血病1例.术中采用LigaSure及超声刀相结合离断脾周韧带,当脾蒂处于充分游离的状态时,采取二级脾蒂LigaSure两步离断法切断脾蒂.第一步在胰尾侧用LigaSure先闭合脾蒂但不切断,第二步于脾侧用LigaSure闭合脾蒂并切断.结果 32例手术均获成功,其中4例家族性遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者同时联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术,无中转手术,平均手术时间70 min(55～130 min),术中平均出血200 ml(50～600 ml),无腹腔出血、无内脏损伤、无胰漏及腹腔感染等并发症,全部治愈出院,平均术后住院6 d.手术免除应用Endo-GIA,平均每例节省手术费用8050元(920～6900元).结论 腹腔镜脾切除术中应用LigaSure二级脾蒂两步离断法处理脾蒂及联合超声刀离断脾周韧带安全可靠,手术时间明显缩短,出血少,且可降低医疗费用,实现了低成本微创外科.     

经脐单孔腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法行脾切除的临床应用

目的:探讨经脐单孔腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法行脾切除的临床应用价值。方法:回顾分析2012年6月至2013年8月为30例患者行腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术的临床资料。将患者分为单孔腹腔镜组与三孔腹腔镜组,对比分析两组患者术中、术后情况。结果:术后无严重并发症发生。单孔腹腔镜组2例中转单手辅助腹腔镜手术;13例门静脉高压性脾功能亢进患者加行腹腔镜胃底贲门周围血管离断术,发现副脾3例,并予以切除。三孔组5例门静脉高压性脾功能亢进患者加行腹腔镜胃底贲门周围血管离断术,发现副脾1例,并予以切除。单孔组手术时间略长于三孔组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后镇痛时间、术后排气时间及出院时间单孔组明显短于三孔组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术中出血量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后患者均康复出院,随访2~13个月,无不适症状。结论:经脐单孔腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法行脾切除术由腹腔镜技术经验丰富的团队开展是安全、可行的,具有患者创伤小、术后疼痛轻、康复快等优点,手术切口微小,美观效果较好。     

腹腔镜脾切除术44例临床分析

目的：总结腹腔镜脾切除术的经验体会。方法：2006年9月至2009年10月行腹腔镜脾切除术44例,其中外伤性脾破裂出血6例,特发性血小板减少性紫癜3例,自身免疫性溶血性贫血1例,脾囊肿4例,脾血管瘤2例,脾淋巴管瘤1例,脾错构瘤2例,肝硬化门脉高压脾功能亢进25例。均采用二级脾蒂离断法。结果：43例成功完成腹腔镜手术,1例行开腹手术。手术时间55~240min,平均（126.40±52.43）min,术中出血30~1 000ml,平均（221.7±214.43）ml,术后住院5~15d,平均6.5d,1例脾错构瘤由于术后短时间引流量多,引流液色红而再次行腹腔镜探查,发现为取脾时意外撕裂大网膜导致出血,腹腔镜下成功止血。术后无死亡病例。结论：腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术安全、可行、微创、经济。     

腹腔镜脾切除术29例

目的探讨成功施行腹腔镜脾切除术(laparoscopic splenectomy,LS)的技巧。方法对29例行LS病人的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果28例采用二级脾蒂离断法行LS成功,中转开腹1例。手术时间为130~380min,平均为180min。术中出血量为80~2000ml,平均为600ml。术后住院时间为2~12d,平均为7d。结论采用二级脾蒂离断法行LS安全可靠,无须切割闭合器,手术费用降低。     

腹腔镜脾脏切除术中出血的防治体会

目的：探讨腹腔镜脾脏切除术中出血的防治措施。方法：回顾分析哈尔滨医科大学附属第四医院2007年1月—2010年1月开展的63例腹腔镜脾脏切除（LS）患者的临床资料,其中门静脉高压症、脾功能亢进44例,特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）6例,外伤性脾破裂6例,脾恶性淋巴瘤3例,脾血管瘤3例,脾囊肿1例。结果：全部病例均在腹腔镜下完成手术。53例行脾动脉预处理,48例行二级脾蒂法脾切除。手术时间120～200min,平均150min,术中出血150～800mL,平均250mL。结论：脾动脉预处理,二级脾蒂法脾切除是降低术中出血的关键。     

经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术的临床应用：单中心经验总结（附视频）

目的：总结经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术的临床应用经验,提高腹腔镜治疗脾脏疾病的有效性和安全性。 方法：收集2010年3月至2013年1月13例实施经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术患者的临床资料进行分析,其中脾破裂1例,脾动脉瘤1例,特发性血小板减少性紫癜1例,先天性溶血合并胆囊结石1例,脾血管瘤2例,脾囊肿2例,肝硬化合并门静脉高压症5例。 结果：13例患者均顺利完成手术, 无中转开腹手术,平均手术时间（165±41）min,平均出血量（298±25.8）ml,其中6例术中输入血液制品。术后平均住院时间（8.8±2.7）d,1例出现进行性血红蛋白水平下降,再次行腹腔镜探查止血术,其余患者均无出血及感染等并发症发生。患者恢复均良好,切口美容效果极佳。 结论：经脐单孔腹腔镜脾切除术对于有丰富腹腔镜经验技术的普外科医生来说是安全可行的。     

腹腔镜脾切除术21例临床分析

目的：探讨腹腔镜脾切除术的安全性及临床效果。方法：回顾性分析21例腹腔镜脾切除术患者（16例肝炎后肝硬化及3例脾梗死,1例脾包虫病,1例血吸虫性肝硬化）的临床资料。结果：21例中2例中转开腹,19例成功完成腹腔镜脾切除术,其中1例行腹腔镜下脾大部切除术。平均手术时间为150min,平均术中失血485ml,术后24～48h胃肠蠕动恢复,术后平均住院时间为12d。结论：经过选择的患者行腹腔镜脾切除术安全可行,除血液系统疾病外还适用于肝硬化患者中需行脾切除者及脾脏本身病变者。     

Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy for a huge splenic cyst: operative technique and case report

We report the case of a huge splenic cyst that was successfully treated by hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy. A 17-year-old girl with a chief complaint of left-sided abdominal pain was admitted to our department for investigation of a splenic tumor. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a huge cystic lesion in the spleen measuring approximately 10 cm in diameter. Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy was safely performed to diagnose and treat the splenic tumor. The histologic diagnosis was an epithelial cyst of the spleen with no atypical cells in the cyst wall. Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy may be a good method of managing a huge splenic cyst that becomes symptomatic and potentially life-threatening through enlargement, rupture, and secondary infection.     

Laparoscopic management of accessory spleens in immune thrombocytopenic purpura

Background: A disparity exists between the incidence of accessory spleens reported in the open (15–30%) versus the laparoscopic (0–12%) literature. This disparity implies that a percentage of laparoscopic patients will require a reoperation for accessory splenectomy. We present our experience with the laparoscopic management of accessory spleens discovered after primary splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods: Seventeen patients who underwent primary splenectomy for ITP were reviewed (1 open, 16 laparoscopic). In the laparoscopic group, the incidence of accessory spleens was 3 in 16 (19%). In 1 of these 3 patients, the accessory spleen was found and removed at the initial operation, whereas in 2 of the 16 patients (13%), the accessory spleens were missed. A third patient, whose initial operation was open, presented with recurrent thrombocytopenia after primary splenectomy. After recurrent thrombocytopenia developed, radio nuclide spleen scans were performed showing accessory spleens in all three patients. These three patients underwent accessory splenectomy using a four-port laparoscopic approach. Results: Laparoscopic accessory splenectomy was successfully performed in all three patients. Location of accessory spleens correlated with the spleen scan in each case. Mean operation time was 180 min. There were no conversions to open surgery and no complications. All patients were discharged from the hospital on postoperation day 1. The three patients had a good clinical response and were weaned effectively from their steroid medications. Conclusions: Patients undergoing a laparoscopic splenectomy for chronic ITP have a higher probability of requiring a reoperation for a missed accessory spleen. To minimize missing an accessory spleen, a systematic search should be made at the beginning of the laparoscopic operation. We have found that preoperation imaging with heat-treated erythrocyte scans is valuable for locating accessory spleens before reoperation. When reoperation for accessory splenectomy is necessary, a laparoscopic approach is safe and effective. Received: 22 July 1998/Accepted: 13 October 1998     

An 18-year review of open and laparoscopic splenectomy for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic splenectomy has become the preferred surgical procedure for the management of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). However, there studies have directly compared the incidence of recurrent ITP secondary to missed accessory spleens in open versus laparoscopic splenectomy. METHODS: Open and laparoscopic splenectomies performed for ITP at 4 sites over 18 years were analyzed. The incidence of recurrent disease secondary to missed accessory spleens was compared between the open and laparoscopic splenectomy groups. RESULTS: A total of 105 splenectomies (54 open/51 laparoscopic) were performed. Accessory spleens were identified in 6 laparoscopic and 6 open cases (P = .57). Recurrent disease occurred in 27.6% of open and 14.6% of laparoscopic cases (P = .222). There were no cases of recurrent ITP secondary to a missed accessory spleen in either group. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of missed accessory spleens causing recurrent disease is similar when splenectomy is performed either open or laparoscopically.