宁波市江北区2005年医疗机构消毒质量分析

为了解江北区辖医疗机构与民营医疗机构消毒质量状况,加强对区辖医疗机构和民营医疗机构消毒监督和管理,有效地控制医源性感染:根据《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》、《消毒管理办法》、《医院消毒工作规范》等条款,我区疾病预防控制中心于2005年5月份对辖区内17家上述医疗机构     

上海市虹口区口腔诊所消毒质量现况调查

随着社会的进步,人民群众对于医疗卫生服务的需求与日俱增,与此同时,越来越多的民营口腔医疗机构落户于我区。为了解我辖区内民营口腔医疗机构的消毒质量状况,为相关卫生政策法规的制定、技术标准的设立提供第一手数据资料,进一步加强口腔医疗机构的消毒管理工作,     

南京市浦口区医疗机构消毒质量分析

为加强对医疗机构消毒工作监督管理，预防和控制院内感染，杜绝医源性传播，1997年～2002年对本辖区22家医疗机构消毒质量进行了连续性的监督检测，现将情况整理分析如下。     

宿迁市1999年～2001年医疗机构消毒质量监测分析

为加强医疗机构消毒质量监督管理,贯彻执行《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》及其实施办法,提高医院消毒质量,防止交叉感染,保护人民群众身体健康,我市每年均对辖区内各医疗机构消毒质量进行监测,现将1999年～2001年监测情况总结如下。     

福州市晋安区2007-2011年医疗机构消毒质量监测分析

目的了解晋安区医疗机构消毒效果,探讨消毒监测中存在的问题,强化医院感染控制力度。方法对近5年辖区医疗机构消毒质量监测资料进行回顾性分析。结果 2007-2011年全区医疗机构监测样品总合格率83.2%,合格率逐年上升依次为73.6%、74.7%、81.4%、90.1%和95.3%;区级医疗机构消毒质量合格率最高（91.0%）,民营医疗机构次之（81.8%）,乡镇级医疗机构最低（69.5%）;压力蒸汽灭菌效果合格率为最高（100%）,其次依次为使用中的消毒液、物体表面、医务人员手、紫外线消毒效果、医院污水,空气中菌落总数合格率最低（61.8%）。结论晋安区区级医疗机构消毒灭菌质量整体水平较好,民营和乡镇级医疗机构的合格率相对较低,今后应加强消毒监测。     

江苏省仪征市城乡医疗机构消毒质量监测分析

医疗机构的消毒质量直接关系到人民群众的身体健康及生命安全,预防和控制医源性感染是提高医疗质量的重要措施,而消毒效果监测是评价医疗机构消毒灭菌效果的重要手段。为了加强对医院消毒效果的监督、监测,防止医院感染和传染病流行,2008年1～12月,江苏省仪征市疾病预防控制中心对辖区内的6家市级医疗机构和23家乡镇医疗机构进行了消毒质量监测,现将结果报告如下。     

南京市秦淮区医疗机构消毒质量检测分析

医院消毒是控制医院内感染的重要措施,为加强医疗机构消毒质量监督管理,贯彻执行《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》及其实施办法,提高医院消毒质量,防止交叉感染,保护人民群众身体健康,我区每年均对辖区内各医疗机构消毒工作状况进行卫生细菌学检查,现将结果报告如下。1对象与方法1.1对象秦淮区范围内所属医疗单位。其中公立医院6家,民营及企业职工医院10家,私人诊所15家。1.2检测项目Ⅱ类环境(即普通手术室、产房、烧伤病房)和Ⅲ类环境(即普通病房、供应室、注射室、输液室)的室内空气(细菌菌落总数、致病性微生物)、医疗器械(细菌菌落总数、…     

阜阳市医疗机构消毒工作质量监测结果分析

1993— 1999年对辖区医疗机构消毒质量监测 ,采样检测合格率 ,市级高于县级 ,县级高于乡镇级 ,差别显著 (P <0 .0 5 )。对县以上医疗机构加强消毒管理前后 ,消毒质量明显提高 (P <0 .0 5 )。各县市 (区 )近年监测结果表明 ,不同地区、级别医疗机构消毒质量参差不齐。一些县、市仍存在较多消毒问题。提出了加强消毒知识培训、健全消毒规章制度、改善更新消毒设备和方法、加强消毒工作监测管理是预防和减少医源性感染的有效手段     

2010-2011年常德市民营医疗机构卫生质量现状调查研究

目的了解常德市民营医疗机构卫生质量水平。方法采用完全随机抽样的方法对市直管18家民营医疗机构的消毒质量和灭菌效果进行调查和检测。结果 2011年民营医院消毒样品总合格率与2010年的总合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.56,P=0.059),但是2011年消毒物品合格率较2010年高(χ2=5.535,P=0.019);院内不同区域比较得到不同区域消毒质量不全相同(χ2=10.743,P=0.013)。其中普通手术室高于产房(χ2=6.785,P=0.009),病房高于产房(χ2=9.327,P=0.002)。结论常德市民营医疗机构消毒质量与卫生质量管理水平均有待提高;在民营医疗机构内,应加强产房的卫生质量管理。     

金州区医疗机构消毒质量监测结果分析

为了解金州区医疗机构消毒工作状况,加强消毒管理,预防和控制医源性感染,2004-2007年连续4年对辖区内的医疗单位进行消毒质量监测,现将监测结果报告如下.     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.