上推膀胱直肠后再次宫颈环形电切术对保留生育功能的价值

目的:探讨上推膀胱直肠后再次宫颈环形电切术(LEEP)在宫颈疾病治疗中的可行性,评价其对年轻患者保留子宫及生育功能的价值。方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2014年4月在复旦大学附属妇产科医院就诊,因宫颈LEEP术后切缘阳性或术后随访复发、无法在门诊行常规LEEP而行上推膀胱直肠后再次LEEP的38例患者的临床资料。结果:38例患者均顺利完成了上推膀胱直肠后再次LEEP,术中均未出现膀胱、直肠损伤等并发症。手术时间38±7分钟,术中出血量20±5 ml,住院天数2.7±0.6天;其中1例患者术前病理检查为宫颈高度鳞状上皮内瘤变,术后升级为原位鳞癌合并原位腺癌行全子宫切除术,37例患者(97.4%)成功保留子宫,随访至今1例术后12个月低度鳞状上皮内瘤变行宫颈激光治疗,余均未见宫颈病变复发。12例患者有生育意愿,7例患者已成功妊娠,6例已分娩。结论:上推膀胱直肠后再次LEEP安全可行,可实现未生育妇女及年轻妇女保留子宫及生育能力的意愿。     

Responsiveness of gynecologic tumors to chemotherapeutic agents in the 6-day subrenal capsule assay

Various gynecologic malignancies have been tested in the 6-day subrenal capsule assay, which is an in vivo test of human tumor responsiveness to drug therapy. Fresh surgical explants of ovarian, endometrial, and cervical tumors were implanted as 1-mm³ fragments under the renal capsule of normal mice and tested against a spectrum of clinically active agents. Regardless of the site of origin, human tumors showed variations in growth rate when implanted under the renal capsule that appeared to reflect both the growth potential characteristic of each tumor as well as the heterogeneity of the cell populations comprising each tumor. An average of 60% of tumors showed positive growth and 11% demonstrated no measurable change in size. The response rates of 18 ovarian, 28 endometrial, and 20 cervical carcinomas to clinically active chemotherapeutic agents were determined. A range of responses, in terms of drugs indicated to be active and of the degree of responsiveness to active agents, was obtained with each histologic type. Response rates varied from 6% to tamoxifen in cervical carcinomas to 80% to 5-fluorouracil in ovarian carcinomas. The results of this study support the variability in chemotherapy responsiveness observed clinically with gynecologic tumors and suggest the feasibility of using the subrenal capsule assay as a predictive test.     

Schwannoma en espina dorsal en gestante de 24 semanas

Schwannoma of the spine is a rare entity. The main problem caused by this tumor are the symptoms provoked by its increasing size and the consequent spinal cord compression. A peculiarity of this benign neoplasm is the presence of estrogen and progesterone receptors in Schwann cells, which has been linked to greater growth of these tumors in pregnant patients.     

Polyzystisches Ovarsyndrom (PCOS) bei Jugendlichen

Zusammenfassung Das polyzystische Ovarsyndrom (PCOS) wird bei Jugendlichen oft übersehen. Die typischen Befunde wie Androgenisierungserscheinungen, Hyperinsulinämie oder Zyklusstörungen werden oft auch im Rahmen der normalen pubertären Entwicklung gesehen. Risikofaktoren für eine spätere PCOS-Entwicklung sind ein niedriges Geburtsgewicht, eine prämature Pubarche und in der Pubertät persistierende Zyklusstörungen und Übergewicht. Vor allem wegen der möglichen Langzeitfolgen einer Insulinresistenz ist eine umfassende Diagnostik bei Jugendlichen notwendig. Die Therapie basiert in erster Linie auf der Einstellung auf antiandrogene Ovulationshemmer, bei Insulinstoffwechselstörungen ist eine Behandlung mit Metformin zu erwägen, auch wenn noch keine umfassenden Studien dazu vorliegen.     

正常早孕与流产患者蜕膜局部PRL、P、E_2水平及其受体表达水平的比较

目的 :比较正常早孕组与流产组蜕膜催乳素 (PRL)、孕酮 (P)、雌二醇 (E2 )及其受体水平的差异 ,探讨它们在维持早孕中的作用。方法 :收集正常早孕人工流产 18例与保胎失败流产的 12例蜕膜组织 ,应用放免法测定蜕膜匀浆PRL、P、E2 水平 ,并用免疫组化方法检测了相应激素受体 (PRLR、PR、ER)的表达。结果 :正常早孕组蜕膜匀浆PRL、P水平显著高于流产组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,正常早孕组PRLR、PR表达亦显著高于流产组 (P <0 .0 5&0 .0 1)。结论 :蜕膜局部正常水平的PRL、P及其受体的正常表达对维持妊娠有重要作用     

Bleomycin, vincristine, mitomycin-C, and cisplatin in the management of gynecological squamous cell carcinomas

Twenty-one patients with squamous carcinoma of the genital tract were treated with bleomycin, Oncovin, mitomycin-C, and cisplatin (BOMP). Six patients received BOMP as primary therapy. Five of six responded with one patient having an autopsy-proven complete response after treatment for a disseminated adenosquamous carcinoma. Eight patients were treated for early recurrence, none responded. Seven patients were treated for late recurrences and one responded. We believe that BOMP has significant potential for primary treatment, but not for early or late recurrent disease.     

Histerectomía radical laparoscópica total en el cáncer de cérvix. Factibilidad,morbilidad y supervivencia

Objective

To assess feasibility, perioperative morbidity and medium term survival of total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy in cervical cancer.

Material and methods

A total of 31 consecutive patients diagnosed FIGO clinical stage IA2 (n = 4), IB1 (n = 22), IIA (n = 2) and IB2 (n = 3) in Son Llàtzer hospital (Palma de Mallorca) that were programmed for a total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were studied. We analyzed tumor histological characteristics, surgical technique, perioperative variables, postoperative complications and mid-term survival results.

Results

Feasibility rate was 96%. The most frequently operative complication was accidental bladder incision (3 cases). Postoperative complications rate was 20% (6 cases) which includes one surgical reintervention. Average operative time was 258 minutes (range: 180-360). Blood transfusion rate was 17% (n = 5) and mean hospital stay was 7.8 days (range: 2-29). After one month after surgery 72% of patients had a normal miccional function. Mean tumoral size was 26.5 mm and lymphatic positive nodes rate was 17% (n = 5). Mean follow-up time was 26 months. Tumor relapse rate was 17% (n = 5) and survival-free disease of 100% for IA2 stage, 82.6% of IB1/IIA stages and 66.7% for IB2 stage.

Conclusions

Total laparoscopic radical hysterectomy is a feasible technique in most of the patients with cervical cancer. It needs more operative time than abdominal route but it presents less perioperative morbidity, less blood transfusion and less ospitalization days. The medium term survival is comparable with conventional abdominal route.