血浆置换联合血液滤过治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的临床研究

目的 探讨血浆置换(PE)联合连续性静脉-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)治疗中，晚期慢性乙型重型肝炎的疗效及机制。方法 94例患者随机分3组，A组29例，B组31例，C组34例。A组内科治疗加PE联合CVVH治疗，B组内科治疗加PE治疗，C组仅予内科治疗。比较三组近期疗效及生存率，并观察A组和B组人工肝治疗前后血清细胞因子的改变。结果 A组肝性脑病意识转清率50．0％(5／10)，低钠血症改善，白细胞介素(IL)-8下降，IL-10上升，近期有效率82．8％，生存率48．3％；B组肝性脑病意识转清率I8．2％(2／11)，低钠血症、IL-8，IL-10无改变，近期有效率48．4％，生存率22．6％；C组肝性脑病意识转清率9．1％(1／11)，近期有效率26．5％，生存率20．6％。结论 内科治疗加PE联合CVVH能降低IL-8，升高IL-10，提高生存率，且方便可行，应作为非生物型人工肝支持的主要方法。     

缓慢性血浆置换同步并联血液滤过治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎

目的 探讨缓慢性血浆置换(PE)同步并联静脉静脉血液滤过(CVVH)治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎患者的临床疗效.方法 104例患者随机分为3组,联合治疗组44例,PE治疗组30例,内科治疗组30例.联合治疗组在内科综合治疗基础上加用缓慢性PE同步并联CVVH治疗,PE治疗组在内科综合治疗基础上加用单纯PE治疗,内科治疗组仅予以内科综合治疗.观察3组治疗前后临床症状、体征、肝功能指标及近期有效率、生存率,并观察联合治疗组和PE治疗组治疗前后动脉血pH值、血钠浓度和肿瘤坏死因子及白细胞介素1、6、10等的变化情况.根据不同资料分别选择t检验、F检验或X2检验.结果 联合治疗组9例肝性脑病患者中7例意识转清,9例肝肾综合征患者中6例肾功能恢复,酸碱失平衡得以纠正,低钠血症改善,肿瘤坏死因子a下降,近期有效率81.82%,生存率56.82%;PE治疗组7例肝性脑病患者2例意识转清,5例肝肾综合征患者1例肾功能恢复,pH值、低钠血症及肿瘤坏死因子a无变化,近期有效率56.67%,生存率33.33%,两组患者白细胞介素1、6均降低,白细胞介素10升高.内科治疗组6例肝性脑病患者中1例意识转清醒,肝肾综合征患者肾功能均未恢复,近期有效率23.33%,生存率16.67%.结论 缓慢性PE同步并联CVVH是一种新型、安全、有效的非生物型人工肝治疗方法.     

血浆置换联合连续性血液滤过治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎临床观察

目的探讨血浆置换(PE)联合连续性静-静脉血液滤过(CVVH)治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的疗效及安全性。方法在内科治疗基础上,30例患者给予PE CVVH治疗,35例给予单纯PE治疗。观察近期疗效、并发症的变化及不良反应。结果两组患者肝功能均明显改善;联合组7例肝肾综合征中6例肾功能恢复正常,肝性脑病清醒率达62.5%,近期成活率80.0%;对照组9例肝肾综合征中仅1例肾功能恢复,肝性脑病清醒率30.0%,近期成活率54.3%。结论在内科综合治疗基础上PE联合CVVH可显著改善重型肝炎患者的生化指标,纠正并发症,提高近期存活率,且安全可行。     

血浆置换系统治疗重型肝炎的短期疗效观察

目的 观察血浆置换人工肝对重型肝炎肝功能指标的影响和疾病转归,评价其短期疗效.方法 选择2008年3月～2009年4月武汉大学人民医院住院患者,48例重型肝炎患者除内科综合治疗外,进行人工肝血浆置换(plasma exchange,PE)治疗,对照组48例仅给予内科综合治疗,比较两组的生化指标变化及短期生存率.结果 PE治疗组每次治疗后,患者临床症状有不同程度的改善,各主要生化指标与对照组比较显著改善(P＜0.01或0.05),但治愈好转出院率两组比较无显著差异.结论 PE对于早、中期重型肝炎患者,可提高疗效,对于晚期重型肝炎病死率无明显改变.     

血浆置换联合血液透析滤过治疗重型肝炎的临床观察

目的探讨血浆置换(PE)联合血液透析滤过(HDF)治疗重型肝炎的临床效果。方法将119例重型肝炎患者随机分为A、B、C三组,均在内科治疗的基础上,A组47例接受PE治疗,B组32例接受PE+HDF治疗,C组不接受人工肝治疗。结果 A组治愈16例,好转22例,死亡9例,B组治愈9例,好转17例,死亡6例,C组治愈7例,好转22例,死亡11例;PE或PE+HDF治疗后,患者血NO、LPS、TNF-α下降明显。结论 PE或PE联合HDF治疗重型肝炎,能显著改善临床症状、促进肝性脑病恢复,提高患者存活率。     

组合型非生物型人工肝治疗晚期慢性重型肝炎

目的 探讨组合型非生物型人工肝治疗晚期慢性重型肝炎患者的临床疗效，观察其改善肝性脑病，肝肾综合征和电解质紊乱的作用。方法 103例患者随机分成两组，治疗组63例，对照组40例。两组病例均合并有不同程度的并发症。治疗组在内科综合治疗基础上加用组合型非生物型人工肝治疗，对照组加用单纯血浆置换治疗。观察两组治疗前后临床症状、肝功能指标及并发症的变化，并比较近期疗效及生存率。结果 治疗组肝性脑病意识好转率为72．7％（8／11），电解质紊乱纠正率为89．5％（34／38），6例肝。肾综合征患者中4例。肾功能恢复，近期有效率为52．4％（33／63），生存率为47．6％（30／63）；对照组6例肝性脑病患者经治疗后1例意识好转，电解质紊乱纠正率42．3％（11／26），并发肝肾综合征患者无一例肾功能恢复，近期有效率为32．5％（13／40），生存率为22．5％（9／40），两组比较，差异有统计学意义（x^2=6．56，P〈0．05）。结论 在内科综合治疗基础上联合组合型非生物型人工肝治疗能有效提高晚期慢性重型肝炎患者的生存率。     

人工肝支持系统（ALSS）治疗重型肝炎的疗效研究

目的观察人工肝支持系统（ALSS：血浆置换PE、血浆灌流PP）治疗重型肝炎的疗效。方法选择重型肝炎患者90例,治疗组46例用人工肝支持系统治疗,对照组44例不用人工肝治疗,两组均常规用药物护肝、对症综合治疗。结果治疗组生存率71．74％（33／46）与对照组生存率47．73％（21／44）比较,经统计学处理有显著性差异（P〈0．05）。结论人工肝支持系统治疗乙型重型肝炎可明显降低病死率,提高生存率,改善预后,值得临床进一步研究。     

血浆置换、大黄灌肠及门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合治疗重型肝炎合并肝性脑病临床观察

目的评价血浆置换、大黄灌肠及门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合治疗重型肝炎合并肝性脑病（HE）的疗效。方法将106例重型肝炎合并HE患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,两组均接受内科综合治疗加血浆置换术,治疗组联合大黄煎剂灌肠及门冬氨酸鸟氨酸治疗,观察两组的疗效及治疗前后肝功能、凝血酶原活动度和血氨的变化。结果治疗组总有效率显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）;治疗组肝功能、凝血酶原活动度和血氨下降幅度均优于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论血浆置换、大黄灌肠及门冬氨酸鸟氨酸联合能有效治疗重型肝炎合并肝性脑病。     

国内人工肝支持系统治疗重型肝炎疗效的Meta分析

目的探讨国内应用人工肝支持系统治疗重型肝炎的疗效。方法检索国内1990-2005年公开发表的人工肝治疗重型肝炎相关论文及会议论文，提取其中的生存率或出院时临床好转率等可以反映远期预后的资料，以比值比（OR）为效应量进行异质性检验和统计量合并分析。结果入选的10项研究中，共包含重型肝炎患者1030例，对照组均给予常规内科治疗，治疗组均为常规内科治疗联合人工肝治疗。早期、中期、晚期治疗组和对照组比较，其合并OR值（95％可信区间）分别为3．72（2．03～6．83）、2．79（2．88～4．14）和1．85（0．96～3．56）。结论和常规内科治疗相比，人工肝支持系统可显著改善早期及中期重型肝炎患者的远期预后，而对晚期重型肝炎患者远期预后无明显改善。     

非生物人工肝联合肝移植治疗中晚期慢性重型肝炎

目的评价非生物人工肝支持系统（ALSS）联合肝移植治疗巾晚期慢性重型肝炎的临床应用价值。方法采用ALSS联合肝移植治疗28例中晚期慢性重型肝炎患者，观察治疗前后各项临床指标的变化与疗效，并就治疗后生存率与同期内科治疗组99例患者、内科联合ALSS治疗组30例患者比较。数据行t和x^2检验。结果28例患者共成功进行57次ALSS治疗，TBil、PT、胆汁酸、BUN、Cr、血氨等指标明显好转（P〈0．05），临床症状改善的中位时间为3d（1～153d）。28例均顺利完成肝移植术，等待到供肝的中位时间为20d（1～153d），术后3、6个月生存率（71．d％，71．4％）显著高于内科治疗组（18．2％，11．1％）和内科联合ALSS治疗组（36．7％，26．6％）（P〈0．01）。结论术前应用非生物人工肝治疗，可有效改善中晚期慢性重型肝炎患者的病情，为顺利过渡到肝移植发挥桥梁支持作用。人工肝联合肝移植是有效治疗中晚期慢性重型肝炎的可靠方法。     

Artificial liver support system in China: a review over the last 30 years

Severe viral hepatitis with high mortality is the most common cause of liver failure in China. Treatment of severe viral hepatitis by hemoperfusion was initially adopted in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Following 10 years of development in China, a plasma exchange (PE)-centered artificial liver support system (ALSS), principally dependent on PE technology was developed. Based on the condition and symptoms of each patient, PE was given alone, or combined with hemodialysis, hemofiltration, hemodiafiltration, hemoperfusion, or plasma perfusion. In the late 1990s, training courses for ALSS were developed, and ALSS began to be carried out across China. Guidelines for artificial liver therapy were formulated and published by the Artificial Liver and Liver Failure Group of the Chinese Society of Infection. In recent years, new methods have been attempted, including small pore-size plasma separators, a molecular adsorbent-based recirculating system (MARS), and a continuous albumin purification system (CAPS). According to a retrospective analysis published in 2004, ALSS therapy significantly (P < 0.001) improved the survival rate of patients with severe hepatitis compared with patients who received only medicines (43.4%, 157/362 vs. 15.4%, 55/358 in chronic patients and 78.9%, 30/38 vs. 11.9%, 5/42 in acute and subacute patients). Furthermore, ALSS has also proved valuable as a bridge to liver transplantation in the treatment of patients with end-stage severe hepatitis in China. More recently, ALSS has been used in the treatment of drug-induced liver failure, acute fatty liver during pregnancy, and other difficult-to-treat disorders in China.     

血浆置换联合连续性血液滤过治疗重型乙型病毒性肝炎的临床观察

目的 探讨血浆置换联合连续性血液滤过治疗重型乙型病毒性肝炎的临床疗效.方法 对22例用血浆置换联合连续性血液滤过技术治疗的患者(治疗组)与18例开展连续性血液滤过技术前单用血浆置换治疗的患者(对照组)进行治疗效果的回顾性对比分析.结果 两组治疗后肝功能均较治疗前显著好转(P＜0.01).治疗组治疗后血氨显著降低(P＜0.01),肝性脑病患者意识转清率为76.92%.连续性血液滤过治疗期间可见患者球结膜水肿明显减轻,持续性中枢性高热得到控制.治疗组患者的病情虽较对照组重,但治疗组治愈好转率为45.45%,与对照组相似.结论 血浆置换联合连续性血液滤过治疗重型乙型病毒性肝炎较单纯血浆置换治疗的适应证范围扩大并取得较好效果,为重型乙型病毒性肝炎患者带来了更多的生存机会.     

血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的临床观察

目的探讨血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎的疗效。方法118例慢性重型肝炎患者被随机分为对照组和治疗组,后者加用血浆置换治疗。采用ELISA法检测患者血清细胞间粘附分子-1（sICAM-1）和白介素-18（IL-18）水平。结果在血浆置换治疗后,治疗组患者临床症状显著改善,血清sICAM-1由治疗前548．26±150．53μg／L降至228．32±132．15μg／L,血清IL-18由治疗前723．64±160．25μg／ml降至治疗后312．53±121．39μg／ml,血清TBIL由治疗前546．11±174．86μmol／L降至178．43±87．74μmol／L,凝血酶原活动度由治疗前22．84±11．13％升至治疗后36．79±15．19％,上述指标的变化均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。60例治疗组患者治愈41例（68．3％）,19例（中期7例,晚期12例）死亡,58例对照组患者治愈率为48．3％（28／58）,30例（早期7例,中期11例和晚期12例）死亡（P〈0．01）。结论血浆置换治疗慢性重型肝炎患者疗效可靠,能显著降低血清中炎性介质水平,减轻免疫反应对肝细胞的损伤,提高患者的治愈率。     

Effect of artificial liver support system on patients with severe viral hepatitis： A study of four hundred cases

AIM: To assess the effect of artificial liver support system (ALSS) on patients with severe viral hepatitis, who were divided into treatment group and control group. METHODS: Four hundred in-hospital patients enrolled during 1995-2003 who received ALSS therapy were studied as the treatment group. Four hundred in-hospital patients enrolled during 1986-1994 who received other medical therapies served as the control group. The methods of ALSS used included plasma exchange, hemoperfusion, hemofiltration, continuous hemodiafiltration (CHDF). The effect of ALSS treatment was studied in patients at different stages of the disease. RESULTS: The cure rate of acute and subacute severe hepatitis in the treatment group was 78.9% (30/38), and was 11.9% (5/42) in the control group. The improved rate of chronic severe hepatitis in the treatment group was 43.4% (157/362), and was 15.4% (55/358) in the control group. We found that patients treated with ALSS in the early or middle stage of the disease had much higher survival rates than patients in the end stage of the disease. CONCLUSION: ALSS is an effective and safe therapy for severe viral hepatitis.     

Clinical and experimental study on therapeutic effect of umbilical cord blood transplantation on severe viral hepatitis

AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT) on patients with severe viral hepatitis and on liver lesions in rats.METHODS. One hundred and fifty three patients with severe viral hepatitis were included in the study between April 1990 and July 2002. The patients were treated with adult plasma transfusion (control), UCBT, plasma exchange (PE) and UCBT combined with PE (UCBT+PE) respectively. The therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated by serial determinations of liver function, lipids and immune function in all patients before and after the treatment. The model of experimental hepatic failure was constructed in SD rats by injecting carbon tetrachloride. Then, the rats were given normal saline, adult plasma or neonate cord blood intrapedtoneally. After detection of liver function, the rats were killed and morphological changes of the liver were microscopically observed.RESULTS: UCBT group and UCBT+PE group had much better improvement in liver and immune functions than control group and PE group. The patients in UCBT+PE group had the best clinical efficacy. UCBT was safe and had no side effects. The animal experiment showed significant improvements in liver function and survival rate in neonate cord blood group as compared with adult plasma group.The histopathology of rat‘s liver indicated that neonate cord blood application could decrease the liver injury and increase hepatoceUular regeneration.CONCLUSION: UCBT demonstrated a good therapeutic effect on severe viral hepatitis and no obvious side effects.Umbilical cord blood can attenuate the liver lesions and reproduce hepatocyte. The treatment of UCBT combined with PE was much better than that of single plasma exchange, thus UCBT can enhance the therapeutic effect of plasma exchange on severe viral hepatitis.     

血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎临床疗效观察

目的 探讨血浆置换治疗慢性乙型重型肝炎的疗效。方法 47例慢性乙型重型肝炎患者分成治疗组和对照组，在综合治疗的基础上，治疗组同时给予血浆置换治疗，观察两组治疗效果。结果 血浆置换后，患者临床症状有不同程度的改善；血浆总胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶、凝血酶原时间较治疗前明显降低。血浆置换的不良反应发生率为17．1％。治疗组成活率61．11％，高于对照组的31．03％（P〈0.05）。结论 血浆置换治疗重型肝炎安全、有效。     

血浆置换对重型乙型病毒性肝炎HBV DNA含量的影响及与预后的关系

探讨经血浆置换（PE）治疗重型乙型病毒性肝炎后,患者血清中HBV DNA含量的变化对预后的影响。随机选取60例乙型肝炎病毒标志物阳性患者,20例为对照组,40例在内科治疗的基础上加PE治疗。观察治疗前后血清HBV DNA含量变化。40例经PE治疗的患者血清HBV DNA含量下降,PE治疗有效组比PE治疗无效组和对照组降低更明显,且肝功能指标改善也更明显。PE治疗可以有效的去除重型肝炎患者血清HBV DNA,改善肝功能及预后,提高患者的存活率。     

血浆置换治疗重型肝炎的疗效评价

目的探讨血浆置换治疗重型肝炎的临床疗效。方法71例重型肝炎患者分成治疗组和对照组，在综合治疗的基础上，治疗组同时给予血浆置换治疗，观察两组的临床效果，并对预后进行分析。结果血浆置换治疗后，患者的临床症状显著改善，肝、肾功能及凝血酶原时间明显好转（P〈0．01或〈0．05）；治疗组早期和中、晚期患者的存活率分别为88．00％和58．33％，高于对照组的47．83％和36．36％（P〈0．05）。结论血浆置换是治疗重型肝炎的一种肴效手段，特别对早期重型肝炎的疗效更佳。