Analyse und Ergebnisse von 34 Orbitabodenfrakturen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Stimmlippenschwingungen nach Arypexie

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Eine einfache Codierung des Frenzel'schen Gesamtschemas zur statistischen Analyse von Spontan- und Provokations-Nystagmusbefunden

Zusammenfassung Für die wichtigsten Symbole des Frenzel'schen Gesamtschemas wird ein einfacher Zahlencode entworfen. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, Spontan- und Provokations-Nystagmusbefunde auf Magnetplatten zu speichern und statistische Aufgaben leichter zu lösen.     

Simultanes Wachstum von Carcinom und Präcancerose im Kehlkopf — eine stratigraphische histomorphologische Analyse

Summary Chronic and diffuse contact between inhalation noxae and the mucosa plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer of the larynx and lead us to expect a multilocular development of carcinoma and precancerous changes. This supposition was examined in some 100 larynx resection preparations.After standardized stratigraphic sub-divisioning of the larynx, it was lamellated and the individual zones studied histologically for epithelial dysplasias, varying degrees of differentation up to an including carcinoma, and for inflammatory changes.Certain relationships were found to exist between certain characteristics of growth of the carcinoma and the site, extent and histological classification of the tumour. The fact that, frequently, a macroscopically non-verifiable coexistance of precancer and carcinoma can be found, is taken account of in the modified conception for the taking of biopsies.     

Ein neuer Weg zur Beobachtung der Stimmlippenschwingungen

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 8 Textabbildungen.     

Statistische Analyse von 500 Geschmacksgestörten

Summary Five hundred patients with decreased taste acuity with or without perverted smell were analyzed for sex difference, age distribution, causes, relationship with trace metals, especially zinc deficiency, and effect of orally administered zinc sulfate.

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Erscheint ausführlich in Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg)     

Szintigraphische lokalisation und beurteilung von liquorfisteln und meningocelen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Management und Komplikationen von Mittelgesichtstumorresektionen

Only about 8% of head and neck tumors affect the midface. This anatomical area is characterized by an enormous number of functionally important structures, and it is frequently only possible to achieve small resection margin distances. To avoid complications and unfavorable results, a dedicated preparation of both patient and surgeon is warranted. This review aims to provide encouragement for the postgraduate training of interested ENT specialists. Following the clinical course and based on recent literature, strategies to avoid complications of tumor surgery to the midface are given.     

Frakturen von Maxilla und Mandibula

Maxillary and mandibular fractures are a relatively frequent occurrence due to the exposed location of the jaws and are caused mainly by acts of violence, traffic and recreational accidents. Mandibular fractures can be treated conservatively with dental splints and intermaxillary fixation. Since Michelet, miniplate osteosynthesis via intraoral access has become the method of choice. Champy showed that the monocortical fixation of miniplates at the level of the linea obliqua results in stable osteosynthesis, despite postoperative micro-movements in the fracture gap, and postulated the principle of dynamic compression. Dislocated fractures of the mandibular collum are treated with stable osteosynthesis via an intra- or extraoral approach, while fractures of the mandibular joint are usually treated conservatively and early functional rehabilitation is favored. For mandibular fractures, the principle of load-bearing and load-sharing should be considered, i.e. in the case of sufficient bone and uncomplicated fractures, the bone can bear most of the force, such that miniplates are sufficient (load-sharing). If bones are weakened by atrophy or in the case of infected, comminuted or defect fractures osteosynthesis plates must bear the load alone (load-bearing).     

Tauchtauglichkeit von Kindern und Jugendlichen

About 10% of all sport scuba divers are children and adolescents. Little is known about the particular risks and consequences of this sport on a child's health. Due to the peculiarities of childhood anatomy and physiology, certain restrictions apply to the diving fitness of children and adolescents. Before starting scuba training, the presence of particular cognitive abilities must be demonstrated and eustachian tube dysfunction must be ruled out by a specialist. Medical contra-indications to scuba diving for adults apply to children too but must be adapted. Relative risks for adults may translate to absolute contra-indications in children and adolescents. When planning dives, there should be rigorous limitations as to depth and time. Experienced adult divers must always assist with dive planning and accompany children and adolescents when scuba diving.     

Indikation und Aussagekraft von CT und MRT im Kopf-Hals-Bereich

4–5% aller malignen Tumoren betreffen die Kopf-Hals-Region. Mit der Computertomographie (CT) und der Kernspintomographie (MRT) k?nnen wir die Ausdehnung und Infiltrationstiefe der Raumforderung exakt bestimmen, submuk?ses Wachstum nachweisen, ein pr?operatives Lymphknotenstaging durchführen und somit eine bessere pr?operative Planung erm?glichen. Mit der modernen Mehrschicht-Spiral-CT sind dünnere Schichtkollimationen und kürzere Untersuchungszeiten m?glich. Aus den Volumendatens?tzen lassen sich 2D- und 3D-Darstellungen zur Beurteilung der Sch?delbasis (koronare und sagittale Schichten) und der Mittellinienüberschreitung von Tumoren sowie zum Lymphknotenstaging(koronare Schichten) berechnen. Auch die Untersuchung der Funktion des Larynx und Hypopharynx sowie die Bestimmung der Tumorperfusion sind m?glich.     

Wechselbeziehung von Konsonant und Vokalstruktur. (Ein Beitrag zur Objektivierung von Stimm- und Sprachbefunden)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Validierung einer automatischen Analyse der Sprechproben von Kindern mit isolierter Gaumenspalte

Background

Following surgical repair of cleft lip and palate, hearing and speech and language development are important issues for the continued care of affected childhood and adolescent patients. Therefore, PEAKS (Program for Evaluation and Analysis of all Kinds of Speech Disorders) was developed in order to rate speech intelligibility automatically and reduce the time required for diagnostics. PEAKS is based on a speech recognition system and was extended to incorporate a speaker model. This investigation validated PEAKS for isolated cleft palate.

Methods

From each of the 39 children with isolated cleft palate (3.1–14.5years), 99 word productions were recorded digitally and analyzed—once “subjectively” by five experts and five nonexperts; once “objectively” using PEAKS.

Results

The automatic speech recognition system and the experts arrive at similar results with regard to speech intelligibility. The expert and nonexpert ratings differ significantly from each other. Within the group of nonexperts, a weak interrater reliability demonstrates the uncertainty associated with their ratings.

Conclusion

PEAKS delivers reliable and representative results with regard to speech intelligibility among children and adolescents with isolated cleft palate. The automatic measurement of speech quality in children and adolescents with isolated cleft palate is possible.     

Zur Klinik und Pathologie von Felsenbeintumoren

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 9 Abbildungen