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Summary Molsidomine (M), a new long-lasting antianginal compound, was studied in 38 hypertensive patients to assess its antihypertensive properties. Six patients were selected for an acute, single dose comparative trial with placebo over 8 h after treatment. The remaining 32 patients were used in a 1 month trial to study the effect on BP of more prolonged treatment. Systolic, diastolic and mean BP were significantly reduced after a single dose of M 4 mg, and the effect lasted for about 8 h. M also inhibited the hypertensive response to isometric exercise in handgrip tests performed 1 and 8 h after M ingestion. A dose-related decrease in systolic and diastolic BP in the one month trial was also observed. In addition to its antianginal properties, M appears to possess an interesting effect on BP in mildly to moderately hypertensive patients. A fall in BP is also a valuable effect in coronary patients with augmented metabolic demands of the heart.  相似文献   

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1. Labetalol, a new drug combining alpha-and beta-adrenoceptor blocking properties, has been compared with placebo in a double-blind crossover study of a group of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension (blood pressure 150/100 to 189/114 mmHg). 2. Labetalol and propranolol lowered blood pressure satisfactorily in the supine position, but labetalol reduced blood pressure more in the erect posture and following exercise and induced less bradycardia. Thus alpha- as well as beta-adrenoceptor blocking actions appear to contribute to blood pressure reduction. 3. Side effects attributable to labetalol were few. The effective dose ratio labetalol: propranolol was 2.5:1 (w/w). 4. Labetalol, a new form of hypotensive agent, merits further controlled assessment of its usefulness in relation to existing drugs.  相似文献   

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阿罗洛尔与氨氯地平治疗糖尿病高血压的随机对照研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
目的验证阿罗洛尔在治疗糖尿病合并高血压病人应用中临床有效性和安全性。方法18~75 a的糖尿病合并高血压者83例,随机分为阿罗洛尔组(n=41)和氨氯地平组(n=42),分别服用阿罗洛尔(5~15 mg,bid)或氨氯地平(5~10 mg,qd),观察12 wk。每4 wk随访一次,观察血压、空腹血糖,用药前后测定糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及各项安全性指标。结果治疗后,2组血压都明显下降,组间无明显差异(P>0.05)。高血压治疗前后,2组的空腹血糖及HhA1c均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。治疗12 wk后,阿罗洛尔组心率由(78±6)次·min~(-1)下降至(69±9)次·min~(-1),与氨氯地平组相比有统计学差异。阿罗洛尔组总有效率为85%,氨氯地平组为93%,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论阿罗洛尔能有效地降低糖尿病合并高血压痛病人的收缩压和舒张压,对糖代谢及脂代谢无不良影响,对糖尿病合并的高血压病人,尤其是对伴有交感神经兴奋者是一个安全有效的降压药物。  相似文献   

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Comparative trial of propranolol and practolol in hyperthyroidism.   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
The possible role of practolol in the management of hyperthyroidism has been studied by comparing it with propranolol. 2. In a double-blind cross-over trial, propranolol (40 mg), practolol (120 mg) and a placebo four times daily for one week were compared in twenty-one hyperthyroid patients by sequential analysis. 3. Judged by their effect on the symptoms and signs of thyrotoxicosis, both propranolol and practolol were significantly better than the placebo but no clear distinction could be made between the two active compounds. 4. Propranolol and practolol reduced heart rate by 24 and 17% respectively compared with placebo. 5. Patients generally preferred propranolol or practolol to placebo but this preference did not achieve significance with either drug. 6. Only in its effect on heart rate was practolol significantly inferior to propranolol, and it would appear to be a useful alternative to propranolol in the management of the peripheral manifestations of hyperthyroidism.  相似文献   

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AIMS: to compare lisinopril and nifedipine in the management of essential hypertension in 52 patients in general practice with respect to the obtaining of target diastolic blood pressure and freedom from side effects. METHOD: an open label, parallel randomised trial over an eight week period. RESULTS: lisinopril and nifedipine were found to effectively lower diastolic blood pressure with the latter having a significantly higher level of withdrawals and clinical side effects. CONCLUSION: lisinopril is equivalent to nifedipine in its hypertensive effect and has a better side effect profile.  相似文献   

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Forty-eight black patients with mildly increased blood pressure (BP) that had not yet been subjected to treatment took part in a double-blind clinical trial of the efficacy and tolerability of oral potassium supplements (64 mmol daily) versus a matching placebo (made of starch with coating) in a 16-week study. Potassium supplements produced a significant decrease in mean supine and standing BP within 4 weeks after treatment inception. Urinary potassium excretion increased significantly in the 24 patients who received potassium supplements (p less than 0.001). No significant changes occurred in plasma sodium and potassium concentrations or in urinary excretion of sodium during the study. All patients completed the trial without experiencing any notable untoward effects. These results are consistent with the premise that oral potassium supplements may exert hypotensive effects of clinically significant degree in patients with mild hypertension.  相似文献   

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The efficacy and safety of once-daily dosing of isradipine, a new calcium antagonist vasodilator, was evaluated in a multicenter, placebo-controlled trial in hypertensive patients who had supine diastolic blood pressure (SDBP) 100-119 mm Hg. After a 3-week single-blind placebo washout patients randomly received either isradipine, 5 mg once daily, or a matching placebo; if SDBP remained greater than or equal to 95 mm Hg or less than or equal to 10 mm Hg below baseline at four weekly clinic visits, isradipine was increased at weekly intervals by 5 mg once daily up to 20 mg and maintained during weeks 5 and 6. At week 6 mean supine blood pressure 24 hours after dosing had declined from 163 +/- 20/105 +/- 5 (N = 78) to 146 +/- 17/92 +/- 7 mm Hg (N = 60) on isradipine, 14.5 mg once daily, and from 163 +/- 20/105 +/- 6 (N = 85) to 157 +/- 18/99 +/- 10 mm Hg (N = 64) on placebo (P less than .001 between groups). Standing blood pressure decreased from 159 +/- 20/104 +/- 8 to 144 +/- 18/93 +/- 11 mm Hg with isradipine and from 160 +/- 22/105 +/- 9 to 154 +/- 19/101 +/- 11 mm Hg with placebo (P less than .001 between groups) without signs or symptoms of postural hypotension. A SDBP less than or equal to 90 mm Hg or a greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg fall below baseline was achieved in 41 of 78 isradipine-treated (53%) and 18 of 85 placebo-treated subjects (21%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

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西尼地平胶囊治疗轻中度原发性高血压的多中心临床研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:评价西尼地平胶囊治疗轻中度原发性高血压的临床疗效和安全性。方法:采用随机、双盲、平行对照的多中心研究。227例轻中度原发性高血压患者经2周安慰剂洗脱后,随机分入试验组(n=114)或对照组(n=113),分别服用西尼地平胶囊或西尼地平片5mg·d~(-1),治疗2周末坐位舒张压≥90 mmHg者剂量加倍至10 mg·d~(-1)治疗至8周末。于安慰剂洗脱末及治疗2,4,6,8周末测量诊室血压、心率、体征及记录不良反应,试验开始前及结束时进行实验室及心电图检查。结果:203例完成试验,其中西尼地平胶囊组101例,西尼地平片组102例。服药8周后试验组和对照组总有效率分别为78.22%和80.39%,组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组服药后2,4,6,8周坐位收缩压和舒张压与服药前比较均有统计学意义的明显降低(P<0.05);服药后血压下降幅度组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组血压达标率及剂量加倍情况无统计学差异。两组不良反应轻微,组间比较无显著差异。结论:西尼地平胶囊5~10mg每日一次治疗轻、中度原发性高血压安全有效。  相似文献   

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Ninety-five hypertensive outpatients of both sexes, aged 23 to 65 years with diastolic blood pressures above 105 but below 120 mmHg (greater than 14.0 but less than 16.0 kPa), after one week on a placebo were randomly assigned either to nicardipine plus a placebo (40 mg/day - 48 patients) or nifedipine sustained-release plus a placebo (20 mg/day - 47 patients) for an additional six weeks. The study groups were homogeneous and comparable. After the run-in period the average blood pressure was 181 +/- 17/116 +/- 9 mmHg (24.1 +/- 2.3/15.5 +/- 1.2 kPa) in the nicardipine and 177 +/- 22/116 +/- 9 mmHg (23.6 +/- 2.9/15.5 +/- 1.2 kPa) in the nifedipine group (p greater than 0.10). In the acute oral test (nicardipine 40 mg to all the subjects; blood pressure measured at 30 min intervals during two hours) almost identical hypotensive effects within and between groups were observed (mean arterial pressure decrease of 11%, after 120 min; p less than 0.05). At the end of this trial blood pressure decreased further to 152 +/- 12/94 +/- 11 mgHg (20.3 +/- 1.6/12.5 +/- 1.5 kPa) (mean decrease of 20%; p less than 0.01) on nicardipine and to 145 +/- 12/94 +/- 11 mmHg (19.3 +/- 1.6/12.5 +/- 1.5 kPa) (mean decrease of 20%; p less than 0.01) on nifedipine. There were no significant changes in pulse rate. The observed between-group differences were trivial (p greater than 0.10). The laboratory data did not alter appreciably during this study. Three patients on nicardipine and four on nifedipine reported headache, palpitations and flushing: one patient on nicardipine and two on nifedipine were as a result excluded from the trial. It was concluded that nicardipine and nifedipine sustained-release were comparably effective and well-tolerated drugs suitable as the first-line agents for the management of mild to moderate hypertension.  相似文献   

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Summary

The effect of the alpha-blocker indoramin was studied in a 4-week double-blind comparative trial with placebo in 39 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Dosage of indoramin was individually adjusted and ranged from 125 mg to 200 mg daily. Indoramin produced a significantly greater reduction in diastolic blood pressure than placebo, and 9 (56 %) out of 16 patients attained diastolic pressures of 90 mmHg or less. Heart rate, haematology and blood biochemistry were unaffected by treatment with indoramin, and there were no E.C.G. changes. Nine out of 19 patients on indoramin complained of side-effects. These were generally not troublesome, although 3 patients withdrew because of severe tiredness or weight gain.  相似文献   

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Summary In a multicentre, double-blind, between-patient study the hypotensive effect of oxprenolol was investigated in 329 patients with mild to moderate hypertension. A factorial experimental design with three factors was chosen: oxprenolol — none or daily doses of 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg; dihydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide, respectively, none or 30 mg daily. Each treatment was given for 4 weeks after an adequate period of withdrawal from any other possible hypotensive therapy and one week of placebo wash-out. Irrespective of the association with dihydralazine and/or hydrochlorothiazide, oxprenolol had a hypotensive effect linearly related to dose for standing systolic (P<0.05) and diastolic (P<0.01) pressure, and for lying diastolic (P<0.05) pressure. The addition of dihydralazine enhanced the time-course of the hypotensive effect of oxprenolol, particularly the 80 mg dose level. In general, the combination of oxprenolol with dihydralazine and hydrochlorothiazide caused larger reductions in blood pressure, particularly with oxprenolol 80 mg. In the latter group, the eventual falls in blood pressure were 30.5 and 14.4 mmHg for lying systolic and diastolic, respectively; and 32.1 and 20.0 mmHg for the standing systolic and diastolic pressures. The drug was well tolerated; major side effects (heart failure and bronchospasm) occurred in three patients.A brief communication on this study was presented at the Second Meeting of the International Society on Hypertension, Milan, Sept. 20 – 23, 1972  相似文献   

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Summary

In a double-blind controlled trial, 25 patients with moderate to severe essential hypertension were treated over a period of 4 weeks with either indoramin (13 patients) or with placebo. Indoramin dosage was individually adjusted and ranged from 100?mg. to 200?mg. per day. Weekly observations were made of blood pressure, heart rate, body weight and side-effects.

Indoramin produced a statistically significant reduction in blood pressure and was shown to be vastly superior to placebo. The extent of the fall in pressure was identical in both lying and standing postures, amounting to 32 mm.Hg. and 19 mm.Hg. reductions in systolic and diastolic pressures respectively. Eight of the 13 patients treated had final diastolic pressures below 100 mm.Hg. Heart rate in the indoramin group was significantly reduced in the fourth week of treatment. Tiredness was the predominant side-effect. In several patients this reduced in severity despite continued treatment. There were no changes in biochemical or haematological parameters.  相似文献   

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Twenty-nine moderate and severe essential hypertensive patients completed a crossover study aimed at evaluating efficacy and tolerability of a double combination (chlorthalidone plus propranolol) and of a triple combination (chlorthalidone plus oxdralazine plus propranolol). After one month on 25 mg/day chlorthalidone, which caused nonsignificant reduction in blood pressure of 7/4 mm Hg, patients were randomized to receive either the double or triple regimen for a three-month period. Then, after another month on chlorthalidone alone at the same dose of 25 mg/day, treatments were crossed over and the study continued for another three-month period. The double regimen caused a drop in pressure of 16/11 mm Hg after one month (daily doses 25 mg chlorthalidone, 103 +/- 25 mg propranolol), and this reduction did not change at the third month in spite of dosage increases (daily doses 25 mg chlorthalidone, 222 +/- 77 mg propranolol). The triple regimen reduced blood pressure 35/15 mm Hg after one month (daily doses 25 mg chlorthalidone, 20 mg oxdralazine, 40 mg propranolol), and further increase in dosages caused a reduction of 45/24 mm Hg at the third month (daily doses 25 mg chlorthalidone, 56 +/- 20 mg oxdralazine, 112 +/- 40 mg propranolol). Both treatments were well tolerated; in particular, at the end of the third month of each treatment period, 25 patients on the triple regimen achieved a stable diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or less, as compared to 10 patients on the double regimen (P less than 0.01).  相似文献   

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OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to conduct a randomized controlled trial of motivational enhancement therapy (MET) with two control conditions: nondirective reflective listening (NDRL) and no further counseling (NFC); and to conduct this study in a sample of patients with a primary diagnosis of mild to moderate alcohol dependence, in a "real-life" clinical setting. METHOD: Patients with mild to moderate alcohol dependence were recruited, assessed and treated at the Community Alcohol and Drug Service of Christchurch, New Zealand. All patients received a feedback/education session before randomization to either four sessions of MET, four sessions of NDRL, or NFC. Outcome data on 122 subjects (57.4% men) were obtained 6 months following the end of treatment, by an interviewer who was blind to the treatment condition. The primary drinking outcome was unequivocal heavy drinking, defined as drinking 10 or more standard drinks six or more times in the follow-up period. Global assessment scale (GAS) measured general personal/social functioning. RESULTS: Of patients treated with MET, 42.9% showed unequivocal heavy drinking compared with 62.5% of the NDRL and 65.0% of the NFC groups (p = .04). No significant differences were found for GAS score according to treatment condition. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with mild to moderate alcohol dependence, MET is more effective for reducing unequivocal heavy drinking than either a feedback/education session alone or four sessions of NDRL. MET can be considered an effective "value added" counseling intervention in a real-life clinical setting. In patients with mild to moderate alcohol dependence, nondirective reflective listening provides no additional advantage over a feedback/education session alone.  相似文献   

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