西藏高原地区血管内介入治疗破裂颅内动脉瘤

目的 探讨西藏高原地区经血管内介入治疗破裂出血的颅内动脉瘤的安全性、有效性及可行性.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2010年11月我院经血管内介入治疗的8例破裂出血的颅内动脉瘤.8例患者均行DSA检查确诊,并根据动脉瘤的特点实施个性化血管内介入治疗:5例行弹簧圈栓塞术,2例行支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术,1例行单纯支架贴敷术.结果 8例中完全栓塞6例,次全栓塞1例,单纯支架贴敷1例.术中复查DSA显示:动脉瘤显影消失7例,单纯支架置入后瘤腔内对比剂滞留1例.1例宽颈动脉瘤行支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞术后出现对侧肢体偏瘫(肌力0级),经给予加强抗凝、抗血小板聚集、改善微循环等治疗后,下肢肌力恢复至Ⅴ级,上至肌力恢复至接近Ⅴ级.除术前Hunt-Hess分级Ⅳ级、GCS评分4分的1例因继发严重脑积水恢复至Hunt-Hess分级Ⅲ级、GCS评分7分外,其余7例均恢复正常.门诊随访1-5个月,无再出血或缺血事件发生.结论 高原地区经血管内介入治疗破裂出血的颅内动脉瘤是安全、有效的,但围手术期的处理具有高原特色.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the safety, efficacy and feasibility of endovascular interventional therapeutic techniques for ruptured hemorrhagic intracranial aneurysms in highland in Tibet. Methods Retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic effects of endovascular interventional treatment for ruptured hemorrhagic intracranial aneurysms in 8 cases in highland in Tibet 8 cases were performed DSA for accurate diagnosis and individualized endovascular interventional treatment were undergone according to the feature of the aneurysms; coiling in 5 cases, coiling with assistance of stent in 2 and pure stenting in 1. Results Among the 8 cases complete embolization was gained in 6 and hypo - complete embolization in 1. DSA review during procedure showed the image of aneurysm disappeared in 7 cases and retention of contrast agent inside the aneurysm in the case which was purely stented. Contralateral hemiplegia of limbs which muscle strength was 0 grade occurred in 1 case with wide - necked aneurysm treated by coiling with stent assistance after procedure. After the intensive treatment of antiplatelet, anticoagulation and to improve microcirculation, the muscle strength recovered to Ⅴ grade in the lower limb and near Ⅴ grade in the upper limb. After procedure except 1 case whose Hunt & Hess grade was in Ⅵ and GCS was 4 improved Hunt & Hess grade to Ⅲ and GCS to 4 because of secondary severe hydrocephalus, the other cases were all well recovered. During 1 to 5 months following - up of outpatient no re - hemorrhagic or ischemic event occurred. Conclusions Endovascular interventional treatment is safe, mini- invasive, effective and feasible for ruptured hemorrhagic intracranial aneurysms in highland in Tibet, but the peri - operative management was highland characteristic.     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤时间窗的临床评价

Objective To evaluate the effects of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysms in different time. Methods To respectively analyse the clinical data of 165 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by endovascular treatment. The patients were divided into 3 groups accrodding to the time of treatment, endovascular reatments were stated within 24 h in group A, 3 d in group B and after 3 d in group C. The outcomes and complications including rebleeding, vasospasm and hydrocephala of 3 groups were compared. Results The incidence of rebleeding, vasospasm and hydrocephala in group A and B were lower than that in group C ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Vasospasm in group C was most severe. The GOS score was highest in group A and lowest in group C. Conclusion Endovascular embolization treatment is a safe and effective method for treatment of intracranial aneurysm. The timing of treatment is a major factor for technical success.     

伴有颅内血肿的前循环破裂出血动脉瘤超早期显微手术治疗

目的 探讨伴有颅内血肿的前循环破裂出血动脉瘤超早期显微手术治疗.方法 27例前循环动脉瘤破裂伴颅内血肿形成患者24 h内行显微手术治疗,探讨其影像学特点、手术方法.结果 27例术中诊断与术前一致,责任动脉瘤为前交通动脉瘤6例,后交通动脉瘤8例,大脑中动脉瘤13例.多发动脉瘤3例,2例位于同侧前循环,1次手术夹闭,1例另1枚动脉瘤位于对侧大脑中动脉分叉处,择期手术处理.出血动脉瘤均为中小型动脉瘤.术后GOS分级Ⅴ级14例,Ⅳ级9例,Ⅲ级2例,Ⅰ级2例.结论 前循环动脉瘤破裂伴颅内血肿形成超早期显微手术清除血肿,夹闭动脉瘤,效果满意.

Abstract：

Objective To explore ultra - early microsurgical management in patients with ruptured aneurysms of anterior circlulation combined with intracerebral hematoma. Method The imaging characteristics and operation methods of 27 cases of ruptured aneurysms of anterior circlulation combined with intracerebral hematoma underwent surgery within 24 hours were collected. Results The surgical outcomes indicated that the intraoperative diagnoses were consistent with preoperative diagnoses in all cases. The rupture aneurysms include 6 cases of anterior communicating artery aneurysms,8 posterior communicating artery aneurysms,and 13 middle cerebral artery aneurysms. There were 3 patients harbored two aneurysms,2 in homolateral anterior circulation clipped at the same time, 1 in contralateral middle artery clipped in another operation. The aneurysms were all middle or small size. The postoperative Glasgow Outcome Scales (GOS) were grade Ⅴ in 14 patients,grade Ⅳ in 9, grade Ⅲ in 2, grade Ⅰ in 2. Conclusions For patients with ruptured aneurysms of anterior circlulation combined with intracerebral hematoma, favorable outcome chould be achieved through ultra - early microsurgical management     

血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤时间窗的临床评价

Objective To evaluate the effects of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysms in different time. Methods To respectively analyse the clinical data of 165 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by endovascular treatment. The patients were divided into 3 groups accrodding to the time of treatment, endovascular reatments were stated within 24 h in group A, 3 d in group B and after 3 d in group C. The outcomes and complications including rebleeding, vasospasm and hydrocephala of 3 groups were compared. Results The incidence of rebleeding, vasospasm and hydrocephala in group A and B were lower than that in group C ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Vasospasm in group C was most severe. The GOS score was highest in group A and lowest in group C. Conclusion Endovascular embolization treatment is a safe and effective method for treatment of intracranial aneurysm. The timing of treatment is a major factor for technical success.     

Study on the Intraoperative Hemodynamics of Middle Cerebral Artery

Objective: To prospectively analyze the correlations between the development and rupture of middle cerebral artery （MCA） aneurysms and the intraoperative hemodynamics of the parent artery. Methods: 12 consecutive patients with MCA aneurysms and 5 control patients without MCA aneurysms (with aneurysms located at other arteries) were studied. Hemodynamic indexes were detected proximal and distal to MCA aneurysms as well as in the M1 segment in patients without MCA aneurysms using an intraoperative 16 MHz probe installed in DWL Multi-Dop TCD8X4. The flow of object vessels was measured before and after each of the surgical procedures. The mean (time averaged velocity) difference (MD), maximum mean (MM), pulsatility index difference (PID),maximum pulsatility index (MPI), resistance index difference (RID) and maximum resistance index (MRI) were recorded. Correlation analyses were performed between the development and rupture of MCA aneurysms and the ntraoperative hemodynamics of the parent artery. Results 12 patients underwent microsurgery to clip 15 MCA aneurysms. Of the 15 MCA aneurysms, 12 were located at the bifurcation, 2 at the M1 segment, and 1 at the M3 segment. 8 of the aneurysms were unruptured and 7 were ruptured. Our analysis showed the whole indexes with combination MD, MM, and MPI of the aneurysms to be an important factor influencing the rupture of MCA aneurysms (t=2.92, p=0.03,constant). Higher velocity intra-aneurismal flow on bifurcation was identified (t=3.48,p=0.01, constant). After the aneurysm was completely clipped, global higher velocity flow could not be detected in the parent arteries (t=2.57, p=0.03, constant). Conclusions When short-term high velocity develops, aneurysms can easily develop and rupture at the bifurcation of the MCA.     

Effects of Enterprise 2 stent-assisted coil embolization for wide-necked intracranial aneurysms

Background: This study analyzed the safety and efficacy of Enterprise 2 stent-assisted coil embolization for wide-necked intracranial aneurysms by examining stent-vessel apposition, operative complications, embolization outcomes, and clinical outcomes.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with wide-necked intracranial aneurysms who underwent Enterprise 2 stent-assisted coiling in our hospital from November 2018 to October 2019. Intraoperative VasoCT was performed i...     

大脑中动脉镜像动脉瘤

目的 探讨大脑中动脉(MCA)镜像动脉瘤的临床特征、影像学改变及显微外科手术治疗的疗效.方法 回顾分析显微外科手术治疗的9例18个MCA镜像动脉瘤患者的临床资料.采取早期与择期、一期与分期相结合的方法处理MCA镜像动脉瘤,原则是先处理破裂动脉瘤,再处理未破裂动脉瘤.结果 动脉瘤直接夹闭17个,未处理1个.依据GOS判断:优良6例,轻残2例,重残1例.结论 将MCA镜像动脉瘤分为Ⅰ型(完全对称型)和Ⅱ型(不完全对称型)有助于判断出血的责任动脉瘤.显微外科手术治疗MCA镜像动脉瘤效果显著.

Abstract：

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, neuroradiological manifestations of mirror - image aneurysm of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and effects of microsurgical management.Method The clinical data of 9 cases with 18 mirror - image aneurysms of MCA which underwent microsurgical operation were analysed retrospectively. The mirror - image aneurysms of MCA were treated through the method of combining early - stage with select - stage operation and one - stage with two - stage operation. The operating principle was the ruptured aneurysm performed treated first and the unruptureed aneurysm performed treated second. Results Seventeen aneurysms were clipped directly and one aneurysm did not treat. Surgical outcome were good in 6 cases, light disability in 2 cases and severe disability in 1 case. Conclusions It can help to determine the responsibility aneurysm of ruptured aneurysms if the mirror - image aneurysm of MCA had been divided into Ⅰ model ( perfectly symmetry model ) and Ⅱ model ( in perfectly symmetry model). The surgical outcome were predominance if the mirror -image aneurysm of MCA performed microsurgical operation.     

颅内镜像动脉瘤17例临床分析

目的 探讨颅内镜像动脉瘤的临床特征和手术方法.方法 解放军第二五一医院神经外科自2006年1月至2010年6月行显微外科手术治疗颅内镜像动脉瘤患者17例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料和疗效.结果 本组动脉瘤直接夹闭35个,未作处理1个,患者行一期手术9例,夹闭动脉瘤20个.二期手术7例,第一次手术夹闭动脉瘤7个,第二次手术夹闭动脉瘤7个.1例患者行一侧动脉瘤夹闭后对侧动脉瘤未处理;11例患者术后行CTA复查,夹闭的23个动脉瘤中2例瘤颈残留,余动脉瘤均消失,载瘤动脉通畅.GOS评分显示恢复优良12例,轻残4例,重残1例.结论 显微外科手术治疗颅内镜像动脉瘤效果显著.正确判断责任动脉瘤并首先处理,根据动脉瘤的部位、Hunt-Hess临床分级及患者周身状况等选择一期、分期手术可达到良好效果.

Abstract：

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and microsurgical skills of intracranial mirror-image aneurysm. Methods The clinical data and post-operative outcomes of 17 patients with 36 intracranial mirror-image aneurysms who underwent microsurgical operation were analyzed retrospectively. Results Thirty-five aneurysms were clipped directly and 1 did not give any treatment. One-time surgery was performed in 9 patients and 20 aneurysms were clipped. Two-stage operation was performed in the other 7 patients: 7 aneurysms were clipped in the first surgery and 7 in the second one. One patient received aneurysm clipping only in one side of the brain. CTA was performed again on 11 patients, noting that residual aneurysm neck of the 2 aneurysms existed in 23 clipped aneurysms, that the other aneurysms disappeared, and that the parent arteries were clear. GOS indicated that good surgical outcomes were achieved in 12 patients, light disability in 4 and severe disability in 1.Conclusion The surgical outcomes of intracranial mirror-image aneurysm performed microsurgical operation are predominance. Criminal aneurysms should be determined correctly and clipped firstly; and according to the sites and grades of the aneurysms and the patient's condition, good outcomes can be achieved by choosing one-time operation or two-stage operation.     

Is type I alpha 2 collagen gene responsible for intracranial aneurysm in Northeast China?

In this study, we investigated whether a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs42524 G > C) in the type Ⅰ alpha 2 collagen gene was associated with sporadic ruptured intracranial aneurysm or its clinical characteristics in patients from Northeast China. Genotyping of the rs42524 G > C polymorphism was carried out using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. The data showed that the frequency of the rs42524 GC + CC genotype was significantly higher than the GG genotype among intracranial aneurysm patients whose Hunt and Hess grading scale was > 3. In addition, the rs42524 G > C genotype was found to have a statistically significant association with intracranial aneurysm risk. These findings indicate that the type Ⅰ alpha 2 collagen gene gene may be involved in a predisposition to intracranial aneurysm in the Northeast Chinese population. Crucially, the rs42524 C allele may be an important risk factor for increased severity of the condition in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.     

显微手术治疗颅内动脉瘤后脑血管痉挛和预后的影响因素分析

目的 探讨影响显微手术治疗颅内动脉瘤的预后和脑血管痉挛(CVS)发生的相关因素.方法 收集深圳市第二人民医院神经外科自2006年6月至2009年5月行显微手术治疗的322例颅内动脉瘤患者的临床资料,Logistic回归分析年龄、性别、血压、血糖、手术时机、Fisher's分级、Hunt-Hess分级、感染等因素对患者预后及CVS发生的影响.结果 多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher's分级、CVS、感染、腰穿次数是影响患者预后的独立危险因素(P<0.05);Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher's分级、动脉瘤数量、终板造瘘、腰穿次数、感染是影响CVS发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05).结论 年龄、Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher's分级、CVS、腰穿次数、感染影响患者预后,其中CVS是最重要的影响因素.CVS受Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher's分级、动脉瘤数量、终板造瘘、腰穿次数及感染因素影响.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the relevant factors of prognosis of intracranial aneurysms after microsurgical treatment and risk factors of cerebral vasospasm (CVS). Methods Three hundred and twenty-two patients with intracranial aneurysms, admitted to and received surgical treatment in our hospital from June 2006 to May 2009, were chosen in our study; their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the influences of age, gender, blood pressure level, blood sugar level, operation time, Fisher's grade, Hunt Hess grade and infection on the prognosis of patients with intracranial aneurysms and the risk of CVS. Results Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that age, Hunt Hess grade, Fisher's grade, CVS, infection and lumber puncture times were the independent risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with intracranial aneurysms (P< 0.05). Hunt Hess grade, Fisher's grade, number of aneurysms, endplate colostomy, lumber puncture times and infection were the independent risk factors of CVS (P<0.05). Conclusion Age, Hunt Hess grade, Fisher' s grade, CVS, lumber puncture times and infection are the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with intracranial aneurysms, among which, CVS is the most important factor. CVS is mainly affected by Hunt Hess grade, Fisher's grade, number of aneurysms, endplate colostomy, lumber puncture times and infection.     

颅内破裂微小动脉瘤预后的影响因素分析

目的探讨颅内破裂微小动脉瘤预后的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2012年11月至2016年8月手术治疗的63例颅内破裂微小动脉瘤的临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析检验预后影响因素。结果术后6个月,采用GOS评分评估预后,预后良好(GOS评分4~5分)41例,预后不良22例。多因素Logistic回归分析显示入院时Hunt-Hess分级Ⅲ级(OR=11.453,95%CI:1.888~69.495,P=0.008)、合并脑内血肿(OR=6.665,95%CI:1.298~34.236,P=0.023)、合并脑梗死(OR=11.353,95%CI:1.909~67.520,P=0.008)是影响破裂颅内微小动脉瘤病人预后的独立影响因素。结论颅内破裂微小动脉瘤入院时Hunt-Hess分级Ⅲ级、合并脑内血肿、合并脑梗死,预后较差。这些因素可评估此类病人近期预后,指导临床诊治。     

Effect of endovascular services and hospital volume on cerebral aneurysm treatment outcomes

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Endovascular coil embolization and angioplasty for cerebral vasospasm are offered by some centers for the treatment of unruptured and ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Whether the availability of these therapies improves outcomes at these institutions has not been evaluated. METHODS: We assessed institutional factors in the outcomes of patients treated for cerebral aneurysms in the academic medical centers of the University Health Systems Consortium. In-hospital deaths (primary outcome), length of stay, and hospital charges were evaluated in multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, race, admission source, and admission status. RESULTS: There were 2623 unruptured and 9534 ruptured aneurysm cases treated at 70 centers in the University Health Systems Consortium hospital discharge database during 1994-1997. Patients treated at institutions that more frequently used coil embolization were less likely to die in the hospital (relative risks [RRs] for every 10% of endovascular-treated cases: ruptured aneurysms: RR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.86 to 0.96; P=0.001; unruptured aneurysms: RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.91; P<0.001). Patients treated at institutions that used angioplasty for vasospasm had a 16% reduction in risk of in-hospital death compared with patients treated at other institutions (RR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.98; P=0.03). Hospital treatment volume was not independently associated with in-hospital death. CONCLUSIONS: Patients treated for cerebral aneurysms at institutions offering endovascular services have lower rates of in-hospital mortality. Whether this is due to improved outcomes with endovascular therapy or is a marker for other aspects of multidisciplinary care cannot be answered in this analysis.     

颅内破裂动脉瘤患者术前再出血危险因素分析

目的 探讨颅内破裂动脉瘤术前再出血的相关危险因素,为预防早期再出血提供依据。 方法 采用回顾性病例对照的方法,对450例确诊的颅内破裂动脉瘤患者进行调查。依据术前是否 发生再出血将患者分为无出血组和再出血组,采用单因素分析、Logistic回归法来筛选影响术前再出血 的危险因素。 结果 颅内破裂动脉瘤术前再出血发生率高达23.56%（106/450）;Logistic回归分析显示,高血 压（OR 4.221,95%CI 2.969～5.472,P <0.001）、合并脑血管痉挛（OR 2.015,95%CI 1.274～2.756, P =0.005）、癫痫（OR 3.093,95%CI 1.980～4.206,P <0.001）、DSA检查（OR 1.684,95%CI 1.103～2.265, P =0.002）、动脉瘤形状不规则（OR 2.465,95%CI 1.887～3.042,P <0.001）、肿瘤直径≥10 mm （OR 3.046,95%CI 2.060～4.031,P <0.001）、剧烈咳嗽（OR 3.594,95%CI 2.447～4.741,P <0.001）、 情绪异常波动（OR 2.756,95%CI 1.928～3.585,P =0.002）、过早搬动或下床活动（OR 4.226, 95%CI 2.769～5.683,P <0.001）、用力排便（OR 2.451,95%CI 1.810～3.092,P <0.001）、Hunt-Hess分级高 （OR 1.073,95%CI 1.031～1.114,P <0.001）等因素为术前再出血的独立危险因素。 结论 颅内破裂动脉瘤患者入院后术前仍然有较高的再出血发生率,其独立危险因素较多,应针对 这些危险因素采取干预措施,降低术前再出血发生率。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂中期的血管内治疗

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂中期(4-10d)血管内栓塞治疗的安全性、技术要点及疗效.方法 根据在DSA影像上有无脑血管痉挛(CVS)将全组48例患者分为两组:A组26例为有CVS者,B组22例为无CVS者.全组均在蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)后4-10d采用可脱性微弹簧圈对破裂性颅内动脉瘤行囊内栓塞.患者均在治疗后3个月时行Glasgow预后评分(COS),治疗结果经,检验.结果 全组动脉瘤腔100%闭塞42例,95%闭塞者4例,90%闭塞者2例;其中100%闭塞的患者中A组22例,B组20例,两组完全栓塞率比较差别无统计学意义(χ<'2>=0.43,P>0.05).术中出现与栓塞技术相关的并发症3例.A组GoS:ⅠI级10例,Ⅱ级5例,Ⅲ级7例,Ⅳ级1例,Ⅴ级3例;B组COS:Ⅰ级17例,Ⅱ级3例,Ⅲ级1例,Ⅳ级0例,Ⅴ级1例.全组死亡率8.3%.术后随访3-58个月均无再出血及动脉瘤复发.结论 动脉瘤破裂后在中期(4-10d)并不是都伴有CVS;在该期对破裂性颅内动脉瘤采用可脱性弹簧圈进行血管内囊内栓塞安全可行、疗效可靠.     

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene single-nucleotide polymorphism predicts cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Vasospasm is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Studies have shown a link between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and the incidence of coronary spasm and aneurysms. Alterations in the eNOS T-786 SNP may lead to an increased risk of post-aSAH cerebral vasospasm. In this prospective clinical study, 77 aSAH patients provided genetic material and were followed for the occurrence of vasospasm. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, genotype was the only factor predictive of vasospasm. The odds ratio (OR) for symptomatic vasospasm in patients with one T allele was 3.3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1 to 10.0, P=0.034) and 10.9 for TT. Patients with angiographic spasm were 3.6 times more likely to have a T allele (95% CI: 1.3 to 9.6, P=0.013; for TT: OR 12.6). Patients with severe vasospasm requiring endovascular therapy were more likely to have a T allele (OR 3.5, 95% CI: 1.3 to 9.5, P=0.016; for TT: OR 12.0). Patients with the T allele of the eNOS gene are more likely to have severe vasospasm. Presence of this genotype may allow the identification of individuals at high risk for post-aSAH vasospasm and lead to early treatment and improved outcome.     

颅内动脉瘤破裂后的早期栓塞治疗

目的 研究颅内动脉瘤破裂后早期栓塞治疗的意义、可行性及相关事宜。方法 对32例破裂的颅内动脉瘤在3d内施行栓塞治疗,微导管选用Tracker、Excel、Prowler、Rebar或Echelon系列,栓塞材料选用GDC、EDC或Orbit。结果 动脉瘤90％栓塞20例、95％栓塞8例、完全栓塞4例,死亡4例。结论 动脉瘤破裂后的早期栓塞可减少再出血的风险,操作受血管痉挛的影响较小,对血管痉挛有治疗作用,术后需辅以“3H”治疗。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂栓塞治疗后症状性脑血管痉挛的发生及影响因素分析

目的探讨破裂颅内动脉瘤经血管内栓塞治疗后症状性脑血管痉挛的发生及相关因素。 方法河南大学附属南石医院神经外科自2008年5月至2010年1月应用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞治疗破裂动脉瘤78例,回顾性分析患者的临床资料,判定症状性脑血管痉挛的发生并分析其影响因素。 结果本组78例患者栓塞治疗均成功,术后出现症状性脑血管痉挛20例(25.6％),不同Hunt-Hess分级、Fisher分级患者术后症状性脑血管痉挛的发生率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。经积极治疗后14例恢复正常,3例中度致残,3例放弃治疗。 结论栓塞治疗破裂动脉瘤后症状性血管痉挛的发生与神经功能损害和出血量大小有关,腰大池引流对降低血管痉挛发生有积极意义。     

颅内动脉瘤破裂风险和动脉瘤形态学参数的关系

目的 探讨颅内动脉瘤破裂风险相关的动脉瘤形态学参数。方法 回顾性分析114例颅内动脉瘤（61例未破裂动脉瘤,53例破裂动脉瘤）的临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析检验7个动脉瘤形态学参数[动脉瘤直径、动脉瘤高度与瘤颈宽度比值、动脉瘤高度与载瘤动脉直径比值（SR）、长宽比、入射角度、载瘤动脉角度和颈体角度）与动脉瘤破裂风险的关系。结果 动脉瘤长度越长,破裂风险越小（OR=0.470;95% CI 0.286~0.771;P=0.003）;SR越大,破裂风险越大（OR=18.998;95% CI 2.851~126.607;P=0.002）;颈体角度越大,破裂风险越大（OR=1.073;95% CI 1.023~1.125;P=0.004）。结论 SR、动脉瘤长度和颈体角度是判断颅内动脉瘤破裂风险的重要指标。     

Risk factors for multiple intracranial aneurysms

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The presence of multiple intracranial aneurysms may be a sign of significant risk factors for aneurysm formation that differ from those factors that increase risk for aneurysm rupture. Only 2 studies concern independent risk factors for multiple aneurysms, and the results are in part controversial. This study was designed to identify independent risk factors for multiple intracranial aneurysms in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. METHODS: Of 266 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (139 men and 127 women, aged 15 to 60 years), 80 (30%) had multiple intracranial aneurysms. The prevalence of several health-related habits, previous diseases, and medications of these patients were compared by multiple logistic regression between those with single and those with multiple aneurysms. RESULTS: On the basis of multivariate statistics, only regular cigarette smoking at any time was a significant risk factor for the presence of multiple aneurysms. The odds ratio (OR) of smoking for multiple aneurysms was 2.10 (95% CI, 1.06 to 4.13) after adjustment for age and sex. After additional adjustment for hypertension, the risk was 2.06 (95% CI, 1. 04 to 4.07). Of other variables, only age (OR, 1.02 per year; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.05; P=0.09) and female sex (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 0.90 to 2. 85; P=0.11) showed a tendency to increase the risk for multiple aneurysms after adjustment for smoking. On the other hand, patients with hypertension had significantly (P=0.029) more aneurysms (1. 61+/-1.04) than did those without (1.37+/-0.68), although they did not more frequently have multiple aneurysms. CONCLUSIONS: Cigarette smoking and possibly also age and female sex seem to be risk factors for multiple intracranial aneurysms in patients of working age who have suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Patients with hypertension seem to have more aneurysms than those without.     

International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial (ISAT) of neurosurgical clipping versus endovascular coiling in 2143 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms: A randomized trial

Endovascular detachable coil treatment is being increasingly used as an alternative to craniotomy and clipping for some ruptured intracranial aneurysms, although the relative benefits of these two approaches have yet to be established. We undertook a randomized, multicenter trial to compare the safety and efficacy of endovascular coiling with standard neurosurgical clipping for such aneurysms judged to be suitable for both treatments. We enrolled 2143 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms and randomly assigned them to neurosurgical clipping (n = 1070) or endovascular treatment by detachable platinum coils (n = 1073). Clinical outcomes were assessed at both 2 months and at 1 year with interim ascertainment of rebleeds and death. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with a modified Rankin scale (mRs) score between 3 and 6 (dependency or death) at 1 year. Trial recruitment was stopped by the steering committee after a planned interim analysis. Analysis was per protocol. One hundred and ninety of 801 (23.7%) patients allocated endovascular treatment were dependent or dead at 1 year compared with 243 of 793 (30.6%) of those allocated neurosurgical treatment (P = .0019). The relative and absolute risk reductions in dependency or death after allocation to an endovascular versus neurosurgical treatment were 22.6% (95% CI 8.9-34.2) and 6.9% (2.5-11.3), respectively. The risk of rebleeding from the ruptured aneurysm after 1 year was two per 1276 and zero per 1081 patient-years for patients allocated endovascular and neurosurgical treatment, respectively. In patients with a ruptured intracranial aneurysm, for which endovascular coiling and neurosurgical clipping are therapeutic options, the outcome in terms of survival free of disability at 1 year is significantly better with endovascular coiling. The data available to date suggest that the long-term risks of further bleeding from the treated aneurysm are low with either therapy, although somewhat more frequent with endovascular coiling.