布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎35例疗效观察

目的观察布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇雾化溶液雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的疗效。方法将74例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为观察组35例和对照组39例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组用沙丁胺醇溶液雾化吸入,观察组用布地奈德混悬液联合沙丁胺醇溶液雾化吸入,疗程5~7 d。观察两组的治疗效果。结果观察组总有效率94.3%（32/35）,高于对照组64.1%（25/39）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论布地奈德混悬液联合沙丁胺醇溶液雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎疗效确切。     

布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎50例疗效观察

目的观察布地奈德与沙丁胺醇溶液雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法将100例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为观察组与对照组各50例。观察组给予布地奈德及0.5%沙丁胺醇雾化吸入;对照组给予0.5%沙丁胺醇雾化吸入及地塞米松静滴。两组患儿均给予综合治疗,疗程1周。治疗结束后比较两组患儿临床症状、体征改善情况及住院时间。结果观察组患儿咳嗽、气促、喘息、肺部哮鸣音或湿啰音消失时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组总有效率为96%(48/50),对照组总有效率为82%(41/50),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患儿治疗过程中未见明显不良反应发生。结论布地奈德与沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎起效快,效果肯定,缩短住院时间。     

沐舒坦雾化吸入佐治52例小儿毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的:观察沐舒坦雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效。方法:将112例毛细支气管炎住院患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组,在常规治疗的基础上,治疗组56例采用沐舒坦雾化吸入治疗,对照组56例给予生理盐水雾化治疗。结果:治疗组治愈率94.6%,对照组治愈率67.9%,两组疗效有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗组患儿的并发症的发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:应用沐舒坦雾化吸入可进一步提高毛细支气管炎的治疗效果。     

吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液压缩雾化吸入辅助治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的:观察婴幼儿毛细支气管炎在常规治疗基础上加用复方异丙托溴铵溶液压缩雾化吸入的临床疗效。方法:对92例毛细支气管炎患儿采用随机数字表法分成对照组46例和观察组46例;观察组在常规治疗基础上加用吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液压缩雾化吸入,并对比其疗效。结果:观察组患儿较对照组患儿治愈时间短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组患儿较对照组患儿喘憋缓解及哮鸣音、水泡音消失时间短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:吸入用复方异丙托溴铵溶液压缩雾化吸入辅助治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎疗效显着。     

两种雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效观察及护理

目的:观察两种雾化吸入治疗小儿毛细支气管炎的疗效,研究其护理方法。方法186例患儿随机分为实验组和对照组各96例,试验组采用氧动力雾化泵吸入,对照组采用超声雾化器吸入,比较2组的临床疗效。结果:试验组有效率为89.58%高于对照组的77.08%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组有4例出现呼吸困难、发绀等不良反应,试验组未见明显不适。结论:氧动力雾化泵雾化吸入药物辅助治疗小儿毛细支气管炎疗效好。     

布地奈德联合沙丁胺醇治疗毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的:探讨采用沙丁胺醇联合布地奈德(普米克令舒)雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法:毛细支气管炎患儿80例,随机分为2组,对照组40例接受抗炎、抗病毒、平喘、祛痰、静滴地塞米松、吸氧、吸痰等常规治疗,观察组40例在此基础上加用沙丁胺醇和布地奈德空气压缩泵雾化吸入。比较两组患者症状、体征改善情况及总体疗效。结果:观察组40例,治愈37例,占92.5%;好转3例,占7.5%,无效0例。对照组40例,治愈22例,占55.0%;好转12例,占30.0%,无效6例,观察组咳嗽、气促、哮鸣音等临床症状、体征消失时间明显缩短,住院天数减少,两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用沙丁胺醇和布地奈德联合雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎,起效快,疗效佳,具有较小副作用,缩短了住院天数,明显提高了患者治愈率。     

布地奈德混悬液联合硫酸特布他林溶液雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎临床观察

目的观察布地奈德混悬液联合硫酸特布他林溶液氧气驱动雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎临床疗效。方法将62例毛细支气管炎患儿随机分为两组,观察组32例,对照组30例,对照组给予常规综合治疗,观察组在综合治疗的基础上加用布地奈德混悬液、硫酸特布他林溶液氧气驱动雾化吸入,疗程5～7d。对治疗后的临床症状、体征改善时间以及平均住院时间进行比较。结果观察组总有效率93.7%（30/32）,高于对照组73.3%（22/30）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;观察组患儿咳嗽、喘憋、哮鸣音消失时间及住院时间均明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;两组均未见明显副反应发生。结论布地奈德混悬液联合硫酸特布他林溶液氧气驱动雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎临床疗效显著,副反应少,是治疗婴幼儿毛细支管炎的主要手段之一。     

高渗盐水联合雾化吸入治疗毛细支气管炎50例疗效观察

目的观察高渗盐水联合布地奈德、沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎的临床效果。方法通过75例婴幼儿毛细支气管炎患儿分成对照组、观察1组和观察2组各25例,对照组使用布地奈德、沙丁胺醇加入生理盐水雾化吸入治疗,观察1组使用布地奈德、沙丁胺醇加入5%盐水,观察2组使用布地奈德、沙丁胺醇加入10%盐水,观察临床效果。3组雾化疗程5～7d,出院7～10d随访（包括电话随访）。结果观察1组与观察2组在喘憋、喘鸣音、咳嗽消失时间及住院时间方面与对照组相比显著缩短（P〈0.05）,观察1组与观察2组比较则差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论高渗盐水联合布地奈德、沙丁胺醇雾化吸入治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎能有效缩短病情治疗时间,安全性高,值得临床推广。     

布地奈德混悬液联合支气管扩张剂雾化吸入治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎疗效观察

目的观察布地奈德混悬液联合支气管扩张剂雾化吸入治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎的临床疗效。方法 2012-01/2014-05通辽市中医院儿科收治134例毛细支气管炎患儿,按随机抽样分组原则分为观察组72例和对照组62例。两组均给予综合治疗,观察组在综合治疗基础上给予布地奈德联合支气管扩张剂雾化吸入。观察两组临床症状、体征改善时间及总有效率。结果观察组显效率和总有效率均明显优于对照组,在咳嗽、喘憋、肺部体征消失方面均短于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论布地奈德混悬液联合支气管扩张剂治疗毛细支气管炎可快速有效缓解患儿咳嗽及喘憋症状,提高治疗效果,缩短治疗时间,减少喘息复发。     

不同雾化吸入方式对婴幼儿毛细支气管炎后反复喘息的临床干预研究

目的：研究不同雾化吸入方式对婴幼儿毛细支气管炎后反复喘息的临床干预效果。方法：选择我院2011年3月至2013年6月收治的60例毛细支气管炎后反复喘息患儿为研究对象,随机将其分为两组,各30例,对照组患者给予糜蛋白酶＋生理盐水超声雾化吸入治疗,观察组患者行布地奈德混悬液空气压缩泵吸入治疗,对两组病情控制机血清相关指标进行比较。结果：观察组患儿反复喘息发作率3．33％。对照组反复喘息发作率30％;两组IgE浓度、IL-4及CysLTs水平比较差异有统计学意义,P〈0．05。结论：布地奈德混悬液空气压缩泵吸入治疗婴幼儿毛细支气管炎后反复喘息效果更明显,值得临床推广。     

布地奈德雾化治疗小儿急性喉炎的疗效观察与护理

目的:探讨布地奈德雾化治疗急性喉炎的疗效及护理措施。方法:将156例小儿急性喉炎随机分为观察组与对照组各78例,观察组采用布地奈德,对照组用地塞米松空气压缩泵雾化吸入治疗。结果:观察组与治疗组疗效比较有显著性差异,观察组声嘶、犬吠样咳嗽、吸气样喉鸣,症状消失时间及住院时间短于对照组(P<0.01);总结出加强心理护理、体位护理、指导患儿家长正确使用雾化面罩、密切观察病情变化及喷雾口出雾情况、加强患儿口腔护理、防止交叉感染、卫生宣教等护理措施。结论:布地奈德才雾化吸入治疗小儿急性喉炎,疗效确切,护理操作简便、安全,患者及家属容易接受,值得推广。     

中药治疗妇科肿瘤放化疗后白细胞降低230例临床研究

目的:研究白细胞降低的中药治疗效果。方法:治疗组口服自拟的中药联合肌肉注射粒细胞集落刺激因子,对照组肌肉注射粒细胞集落刺激因子。结果:治疗组230例,有效率96.4%,对照组58例,有效率72.4%,2组有显著性差异(P<0.05),自拟中药联合肌肉注射粒细胞集落刺激因子治疗效果明显优与对照组。结论:自拟中药联合西药能有效防止放化疗后白细胞降低,与单纯西药相比,具有作用平稳、持久、价格便宜、副作用小等优点,在提升白细胞的同时,还可以增强机体免疫力,提高生活质量,提高生存率,具有广泛的应用前景。     

Evaporation from reusable cloth diapers exposed to radiant heat.

This study determined the rate of evaporation from four sets of diapers: disposable diapers with and without a heat shield, and cloth diapers with and without a heat shield. The evaporation was greatest from the cloth diaper without the heat shield (51% after 1 hour, 81% after 2 hours) and the least from the disposable diaper covered by a heat shield (15% after 1 hour, 30% after 2 hours). We recommend that if cloth diapers are used to monitor urine output from sick neonates that (1) the diaper should be weighed promptly after urination with accurate and precise scales, and (2) a heat shield should cover the diaper.     

促进胎便排出对早产儿黄疸的干预

目的:观察口服四磨汤口服液及灌肠治疗促进胎便排出对早产儿黄疸的干预效果。方法:34例需经口或鼻胃管喂养的早产儿随机分成治疗组和对照组,各为17例。对照组予常规支持治疗,治疗组在此基础上予四磨汤口服液及灌肠治疗。测定两组早产儿生后第1、4、7、14天血清胆红素水平,并记录高胆红素血症发生例数和黄疸持续时间。结果:与对照组相比,治疗组早产儿生后第4、7天血清胆红素水平明显降低(P<0.01),高胆红素血症发生率明显减少(23.5%vs 53.0%,P<0.05),需光疗的总时间明显缩短[(36.94±28.75)vs(64.47±27.18),P<0.05],胎便排尽时间明缩短[(3.05±1.59)vs(4.52±2.06),P<0.05]。结论:早期应用四磨汤口服液及灌肠治疗可有效降低早产儿高胆红素血症发生率,缩短黄疸持续时间。     

Does therapeutic hypothermia reduce acute kidney injury among term neonates with perinatal asphyxia? – a randomized controlled trial

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate whether therapeutic hypothermia reduces the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among term neonates perinatal asphyxia.

Methods: This randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital, south India included 120 term neonates with perinatal asphyxia who were randomized to receive either therapeutic hypothermia or standard supportive care. Renal parameters of neonates in both the groups were monitored and AKI was ascertained as per Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria.

Results: The incidence of AKI was less in therapeutic hypothermia group compared to standard treatment group (32% versus 60%, p?<?0.05). The incidence of Stages 1, 2, and 3 AKI was 22%, 5%, and 5% in therapeutic hypothermia group compared with 52%, 5%, and 3%, respectively, in the standard treatment group. The mortality was less in therapeutic hypothermia group compared with the standard treatment group (26% versus 50%, p?<?0.05).

Conclusion: Therapeutic hypothermia reduces the incidence and severity of AKI among term neonates with perinatal asphyxia.     

Surfactant administration by transient intubation in infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestation with respiratory distress syndrome decreases the likelihood of later mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE:To assess, among premature infants with early respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the effect of one dose of intratracheally administered surfactant followed by extubation to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) on subsequent mechanical ventilation (MV), when compared with NCPAP alone.STUDY DESIGN:Randomized, blinded trial in infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestation with mild-to-moderate RDS requiring supplemental oxygen and NCPAP. Infants were randomized to intubation, surfactant treatment, and immediate extubation (surfactant group N=52), or to no intervention (control group N=53). All infants were subsequently managed with NCPAP.RESULTS:Need for later MV was 70% in the control group and 50% in the surfactant group. Surfactant group subjects had lower inspired oxygen fraction (FiO(2)) after study intervention and were less likely to require subsequent surfactant. Overall surfactant use, duration of O(2) therapy, length of stay, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia were unaffected.CONCLUSION:Among premature infants with mild-to-moderate RDS, transient intubation for surfactant administration reduces later MV.     

Randomized clinical trial of extended spectrum antibiotic prophylaxis with coverage for Ureaplasma urealyticum to reduce post-cesarean delivery endometritis

OBJECTIVE: To determine if extended spectrum prophylactic antibiotic treatment (with efficacy against Ureaplasma urealyticum) reduces post-cesarean delivery clinical endometritis. METHODS: After cord clamping at cesarean delivery, subjects received prophylaxis with cefotetan. Subjects were then simultaneously randomized (double blind) to receive doxycyline plus azithromycin versus placebo. Post-cesarean delivery endometritis was defined clinically as fever of 100.4F or higher with one or more supporting clinical signs or a physician diagnosis of endometritis plus the absence of a nonpelvic source of fever. RESULTS: A total of 597 women were enrolled, 301 in the doxycycline/azithromycin group and 296 in the placebo group. The study population was 56% black, 25.5 +/- 6.2 years of age, and 43% nulliparous. The groups were similar (P >.05) for black race, parity, maternal age, and most risk factors for post-cesarean delivery endometritis. The frequency of post-cesarean delivery endometritis (16.9% versus 24.7%, P =.020), wound infections (0.8% versus 3.6%, P =.030), and a combination of these two outcomes (19.0% versus 27.8%, P =.019) were significantly lower in the doxycycline/azithromycin group compared with the placebo-treated group. The doxycycline/azithromycin versus placebo groups were dissimilar for maternal leukocytosis (24.9% versus 12.5%, P =.042) and frequency of classic uterine incision (7.6% versus 12.5%, P =.048). Adjusting for these factors did not alter the risk ratio for post-cesarean delivery endometritis in the active versus placebo-treated group (relative risk 0.65, 95% confidence interval 0.43, 0.98). Length of stay was longer in the placebo group overall (104 +/- 56 versus 95 +/- 32 hours, P =.016) and among women with endometritis (146 +/- 52 versus 127 +/- 46 hours, P =.047). CONCLUSION: Extended spectrum prophylactic antibiotic treatment (with presumed efficacy against U urealyticum) given to women undergoing cesarean delivery at term shortens hospital stay and reduces the frequency of post-cesarean delivery endometritis and wound infections.     

Enhanced efficacy and specificity of epithelial ovarian carcinogenesis by embedding a DMBA-coated cloth strip in the ovary of rat

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is predominant of epithelial cell origin and often present at an advanced stage with poor prognosis. Most animal models of ovarian carcinoma yield thecal/granulose cell tumors, rather than adenocarcinomas. The best reported induction rate of adenocarcinoma in rats is 10-45% by an ovarian implantation of 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) coated silk suture. We provided an improved procedure to construct the model by the ovarian implantation of DMBA-coated cloth strip. METHODS: A sterile suture (as S group) or a piece of cloth strip (as CS group) was soaked in DMBA before ovarian implantation in Wistar rats. Tumor size, incidence rate and pathological type were analyzed. RESULTS: Ovarian tumors in rats of CS group were first noted at 16 wk post implantation and reached a cumulative incidence of 75% (96/128) at 32 wk, while the tumor incidence rate in S group at 32 wk was only 46.25% (37/80). The tumor size in CS group (3.63 [PLUS-MINUS SIGN] 0.89 cm) was larger than that of S group (2.44 [PLUS-MINUS SIGN] 1.89 cm) (P < 0.05). In CS group, there were only two types of tumor formed: adenocarcinoma (90/96) and sarcoma (6/96). While in S group, there were different types, including adenocarcinoma (21/37), squamous carcinoma (3/37), granulosa cell tumor (3/37), sarcoma (4/37), undifferentiated carcinoma with no adeno character (2/37), benign ovarian tumor (2/37), and malignant teratoma(1/37). CONCLUSION: The model in our study yields much higher incidence and specificity of epithelial derived tumors and showed histological similarities to human ovarian cancers, which would be more suitable for therapeutic research.     

机械排痰辅助治疗小儿肺炎的疗效观察

目的观察机械排痰辅助治疗小儿肺炎的治疗效果。方法 2015年3月至12月锦州市妇婴医院小儿呼吸科收治住院的肺炎患儿134例,随机分为观察组66例和对照组68例。两组患儿均给予常规的抗炎、对症治疗,观察组在常规的治疗基础上,加用机械排痰辅助治疗,对照组采用传统的叩背排痰方法。治疗5d后观察两组治疗效果及症状体征消失时间、住院时间。结果观察组总有效率为94.0%(62/66),显著高于对照组79.4%(54/68),差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组咳嗽、肺部啰音消失时间及住院时间均显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在整个治疗过程中,观察组患儿未发现不良反应。结论小儿肺炎在给予常规的抗炎、雾化等治疗的基础上,待体温平稳后及时加用机械辅助排痰治疗,可明显缩短患儿病情恢复时间及住院时间,安全有效。     

Raloxifene reduces impedance to flow within the uterine artery in early postmenopausal women: a 2-year randomized, placebo-controlled, comparative study

OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the long-term effect of raloxifene and continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (ccHRT) on impedance to flow within the uterine artery in postmenopausal women. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled 2-year study was performed in 95 postmenopausal women. They received either 60 mg of raloxifene daily (raloxifene 60 group), 150 mg of raloxifene daily (raloxifene 150 group), ccHRT, or placebo. At baseline and thereafter every 6 months, color Doppler ultrasonography was used to measure the pulsatility index (PI) of the uterine artery. RESULTS: After 24 months of treatment, compared with placebo, significant decreases were found in the PI in the raloxifene 150 group (P = .021) and in the ccHRT group (P = .007). In the raloxifene 150 group compared with the placebo group, after 6 and 24 months, decreases were observed in median PI of -5% and -15%, respectively, and in the ccHRT group decreases of -2% and -19%, respectively, were found. CONCLUSION: Long-term use of 150 mg of raloxifene daily or ccHRT reduces impedance to flow within the uterine artery. This indicates that high-dose raloxifene may exert cardiovascular protection.