超声乳化联合小切口硬核白内障摘除的临床观察

目的 探讨贫困地区超声乳化联合小切口硬核白内障摘除联合PMMA人工晶状体植入手术的疗效。方法 对336例(336只眼)Ⅳ级以上核白内障行超声乳化联合小切口晶状体摘除联合PMMA人工晶状体植入术。结果 术后1天、3天视力在0．5以上分别为240只眼(71．4％)、265只眼(78．8％)。术中主要并发症为后囊破裂。术后主要并发症为角膜水肿、眼压升高。结论 超声乳化联合小切口晶状体摘除治疗Ⅳ级以上核白内障切口小，术后反应轻，散光小，并且视力恢复快，费用低。手术技巧的提高可避免或减少术中术后并发症。     

糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入术的疗效观察

目的探讨糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法对29例（35只眼）糖尿病白内障患者行白内障行超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入术，对术前准备、手术技巧、并发症进行总结分析，术后随访3～12个月，平均6个月。结果术后复查时视力：0．2—0．4者5只眼，0．5～0．8者21只眼，≥1．0者9只眼；术后并发症：早期Tyndall征（＋＋）5只眼，前房纤维素性渗出2只眼，人工晶状体表面色素沉着3只眼，角膜线样混浊6只眼，晚期后发障4只眼。结论糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术，具有视力恢复好，术后反应小等效果。     

白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术临床分析

目的：分析白内障超声乳化吸除人工晶状体植入的临床效果。并探讨拦截劈核技术在超声乳化术的应用。方法：对206例(226只眼)白内障患者施行无缝线5．5mm切口超声乳化人工晶状体植入术。结果：术后l周视力在0．5以上者202只眼(89．4％)，术后1个月视力在0．5以上者213只眼(94．2％)。结论：此手术时间短，术后视力恢复快，效果明显优于常规白内障手术。采用拦截劈核技术，使超声能量降低，超声时间缩短，并发症少，值得推广。     

高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除术疗效观察

目的 探讨高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法 2001年9月至2003年10月对68例(78只眼)高度近视白内障施行透明角膜切口超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术。结果 术后第1天，裸眼视力≥0．5者32只眼．占41．03％；术后1周矫正视力≥0．5者42只眼，占53．85oA；1月≥0．5者46只眼，占58．97％；3月≥0．5者48只眼，占61．54％。术后远视力均较术前矫正视力提高一排以上。术中术后无明显并发症发生。仅有1例术后6月发生视网膜脱离。结论 高度近视白内障超声乳化摘除及后房型人工晶状体植入术具有术后视力恢复快、无严重并发症等优点。视力提高程度与患者高度近视眼底病变有关。     

糖尿病患者白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶状体植入术临床观察

目的探讨糖尿病患者进行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。方法对56 例(67只眼)糖尿病患者施行白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,观察术中、术后并发症及术后视力的情况。结果 56例(67只眼)糖尿病患者白内障术后视力均有不同程度的提高,术后并发症有房水混浊、瞳孔区纤维素膜形成、角膜内皮水肿和前房积血。结论糖尿病白内障患者在术前空腹血糖控制良好的情况下行超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术能获得较满意的疗效,是安全可靠的。     

小切口白内障囊外摘出与超声乳化白内障摘出效果比较

目的 比较小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术与超声乳化白内障吸出硬质人工晶状体植入术两种方法的临床效果。方法 分别对140只眼小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出术及154只眼超声乳化硬质人工晶状体植入术的术后视力、角膜内皮丢失率，术中、术后并发症进行比较。结果 小切口非乳化组1周后视力＞0．5者115只眼(82．2％)，＜0．4者25只眼(17．8％)。超声乳化组＞0．5者128只眼(83．1％)，＜0．4者26只眼(16．9％)。角膜内皮丢失率，小切口非超声乳化组13．2％，超声乳化组12．8％。术后角膜内皮水肿：小切口非乳化组11只眼(7．86％)，超声乳化组10只眼(6．49％)。结论 小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出与超声乳化硬质人工晶状体植入术疗效相似，前者简便、易行、经济，适宜于基层医院开展。     

高龄老年人白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术后视力分析

目的：评价高龄老年人白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术后视力状况及影响因素。方法：对387例(425只眼)80岁以上老年人实施白内障摘除人工晶状体植入手术，观察其术后视力及影响因素并予以分析。结果：术后矫正视力1．0以上为221只眼(52．O％)，在0．5-0．9之间为98只眼(23．1％)，低于0．5者为106只眼(24．9％)。影响视力的主要原因依次是老年性黄斑变性、青光眼、视网膜静脉栓塞、视神经萎缩。结论：高龄老年人在白内障摘除人工品状体植入术后视力有明显提高，眼底病是影响视力的主要疾病。眼科学报2003；19：95-97     

超声乳化手术治疗糖尿病性白内障的疗效分析

目的:分析超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗糖尿病性白内障的疗效。方法:对65例98眼糖尿病合并白内障的患者行超声乳化白内障摘除及人工晶状体植入术的临床资料进行回顾性分析。统计术后1,30d的视力,术后视力与糖尿病病程的关系以及观察术后并发症。结果:术后1d,裸眼视力>0.5者69眼(70.4%),0.3～0.5者18眼(18.4%),0.1～0.25者8眼(8.2%),<0.1者3眼(3.1%)。术后30d,裸眼视力>0.5者80眼(81.6%),0.3～0.5者12眼(12.2%),0.1～0.25者4眼(4.1%),<0.1者2眼(2.0%)。糖尿病病程越长,术后视力提高越不理想。术后并发症主要有角膜水肿,前房纤维素性渗出,虹膜粘连,继发青光眼。结论:超声乳化白内障摘除联合人工晶状体植入术治疗糖尿病性白内障是安全有效的,术后视力的恢复与糖尿病病程及糖尿病视网膜病变有关。     

白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入临床分析

目的探讨白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术的效果、手术方法及并发症的防治。方法对473例(495眼)白内障行超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入术进行观察和分析。结果术后1周矫正视力1．0以上为147眼(29．70％)，术后3月矫正视力1．0以上者341眼(68．90％)，0．5以上者476眼(96．16％)。主要并发症术中为后囊破裂和虹膜损伤，术后为角膜内皮水肿。结论超声乳化白内障吸出联合后房型人工晶状体植入术具有术后早期反应少及术后视力提高迅速的优点。     

表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入治疗葡萄膜炎并发白内障

目的 :探讨葡萄膜炎并发白内障超声乳化摘除及人工晶状体植入术的疗效。方法 :对 3 8例 42只眼葡萄膜炎并发白内障患者行超声乳化摘除及人工晶状体植入术 ,其中 4只眼联合小梁切除术 ,3只眼联合周边虹膜切除术。结果 :术后 3 9只眼 (92 86% )视力较术前提高。术后 6个月裸眼视力≥ 0 5者 3 3只眼 (78 57% ) ,0 3～ 0 5者 3只眼 (7 14 % ) ,0 1～ 0 3者4只眼 (9 52 % ) ,<0 1者 2只眼 (4 76% )。结论 :超声乳化白内障摘除术治疗葡萄膜炎并发白内障 ,术后炎症反应轻 ,视力恢复好。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.