玻璃体切割联合黄斑前膜及内界膜剥除术后患者黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度、无血管区面积及微血管密度的变化

目的 应用光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)探讨玻璃体切割联合黄斑前膜及内界膜剥除术后患者黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)、黄斑中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积及黄斑中心凹与旁中心凹浅层、深层视网膜微血管密度的变化.方法 本研究为前瞻性病例分析,选取2018年11月至2019年11月于我院就诊且经OCT确诊的黄斑前膜患者2...     

Retinal thickness in eyes with idiopathic macular hole after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling

Purpose

To compare the thickness of each retinal layer in the parafoveal and perifoveal regions of eyes after successful closure of a macular hole (MH) by pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling to the corresponding areas of the normal fellow eyes.

Methods

Twenty-two eyes of 22 patients with an idiopathic MH who underwent PPV with ILM peeling at the Matsumoto Dental University Hospital were studied. The retinal thickness was measured manually with the volume scan mode of the Spectralis HRA?+?OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Germany).

Results

The average postoperative parafoveal thickness of the temporal sector was 314.8 μm, and that of the corresponding area of the fellow eyes was 325.0 μm (P?=?0.01). The parafoveal thickness of the nasal sector was 360.7 μm, and that of the fellow eyes was 339.6 μm (P?<?0.0001). Changes in the inner retinal layer thicknesses contributed to the decreased temporal and increased nasal sectors. The perifoveal retinal thickness was significantly increased in all sectors after PPV, probably due to an increase in the outer nuclear layer thickness.

Conclusions

PPV with ILM peeling for MHs can cause microstructural changes in wide areas of the macula region, suggesting a loss of longitudinal support of the Müller cells.     

微创玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔

目的　观察微创玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔的临床效果。方法　回顾性非随机临床对照研究。收集２０１０年１月至２０１５年１月高度近视性黄斑裂孔患者２４例２４眼,同期收集特发性黄斑裂孔患者４３例４３眼作为对照组,两组均行标准三通道经睫状体平坦部２３Ｇ微创玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术。观察两组术前及术后最佳矫正视力（ｂｅｓｔｃｏｒｒｅｃｔｅｄｖｉｓｕａｌａｃｕｉｔｙ,ＢＣＶＡ）及光学相干断层扫描检查黄斑裂孔封闭情况。结果　高度近视性黄斑裂孔组与特发性黄斑裂孔组的解剖闭合率（７９．２％ 和８８．４％）及术后ＢＣＶＡ（ＬｏｇＭＡＲ）（０．５６±０．４２和０．６３±１．３８）比较,差异均无统计学意义（均为Ｐ＞０．０５）,两组末次随访时ＢＣＶＡ（ＬｏｇＭＡＲ）分别与治疗前比较,差异均有统计学意义（ｔ＝４．８８６、６．７３５,均为Ｐ＜０．００１）。两组术中均未见医源性裂孔形成,术后无眼内出血或眼内炎等严重并发症发生。结论　玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥除术是修复高度近视眼解剖和功能的有效方式。     

Full-thickness eccentric macular hole following vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling.

A 65-year-old man presented after macular hole surgery with trypan blue-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling in his left eye. Although the patient had no visual complaints in the left eye, on clinical examination an eccentric full-thickness macular hole was noted just inside the superior vascular arcade and documented by optical coherence tomography. The patient was observed and continued to remain asymptomatic.     

玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除手术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔

目的:探讨玻璃体切除联合内界膜撕除手术对黄斑裂孔的疗效。方法:从我院眼科玻璃体切除手术治疗患者中提出有详细临床、手术及随访资料的黄斑裂孔患者资料46例。结果:术后95.6%患者解剖复位,裂孔封闭;1例视网膜复位、裂孔未闭;1例裂孔未闭,视网膜脱离在1mo内复发。结论:经玻璃体切除联合内界膜撕除手术绝大部分患者得到解剖治愈,视力提高     

Displacement of foveal area toward optic disc after macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling

Purpose

To determine whether there is a displacement of the fovea toward the optic disc after successful macular hole (MH) surgery with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling.

Methods

The medical records of 54 eyes of 53 patients that had undergone pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas or air tamponade for an idiopathic MH were evaluated. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) had been performed before and >6 months after the surgery. The preoperative distances between the center of the MH and the optic disc (MH-OD), center of the MH and the bifurcation or crossing of retinal vessels (MH-RV) were measured in the OCT images. In addition, the postoperative distance between the center of the fovea and optic disc (F-OD) and the center of the fovea and the same bifurcation or crossing of retinal vessels (F-RV) were measured in the OCT images.

Results

The F-OD was 2.67±0.33 disc diameters (DD), which was significantly shorter than that of the MH-OD of 2.77±0.33 DD (P<0.001). The F-RV was also significantly shorter than the MH-RV on the inner nasal area (from 0.85±0.16DD to 0.79±0.15DD; P<0.001), the inner temporal area (from 0.82±0.15DD to 0.77±0.14DD; P<0.001), and outer nasal area (from 1.70±0.31DD to 1.65±0.32DD; P<0.001), but it was significantly longer than the MH-RV in the outer temporal area (from 1.65±0.29DD to 1.68±0.29DD; P<0.001).

Conclusion

Our results showed that successful closure of a MH by vitrectomy with ILM peeling and gas tamponade leads to a displacement of the center of the macula toward the optic disc.     

Residual indocyanine green fluorescence pattern after vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole with internal limiting membrane peeling

BACKGROUND: Internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling with indocyanine green (ICG) staining is a commonly used procedure to treat idiopathic macular holes (MH). AIM: To report changes in the patterns of residual ICG fluorescence over time after vitrectomy using the Heidelberg Retina Angiograph 2 (HRA2, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). METHODS: 10 patients (10 eyes) who had undergone vitrectomy for MH with ILM peeling were included. 9 (90%) patients underwent ILM peeling with ICG, and 1 (10%) patient had it with triamcinolone acetonide (TA). We observed residual ICG using HRA2, postoperatively. Autofluorescence, optical coherence tomography images and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measurements were also obtained. The minimal follow-up was 3 months. RESULTS: The MHs were closed postoperatively in all patients (100%). In eyes that underwent ILM peeling with ICG, the BCVA improved significantly (p<0.001) in 8 (89%) eyes and was unchanged in 1 (11%) eye. HRA2 showed the ICG fluorescence patterns but not TA postoperatively. The ICG hyperfluorescent signal was typically diffuse at the posterior retina and was hypofluorescent around the fovea. The hyperfluorescence then migrated towards the optic nerve disc presumably along the nerve fibre, and the area of ILM peeling was clearly identified. A large number of hyperfluorescent dots were observed instead of diffuse hyperfluorescence that was observed just after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Patterns of residual ICG fluorescence were sequentially observed with HRA2 after vitrectomy for MH with ICG-assisted ILM peeling.     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

目的：探讨玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的疗效和并发症。 方法：收集我院2009-09/2011-12黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离住院患者22例22眼。均采用玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离手术方式。随访观察术后1,2,3d;1wk;1mo的患者最佳矫正视力、眼压。并对患者年龄和患病病程与术后1mo最佳矫正视力进行统计学分析。 结果：行气体填充13例,行硅油填充9例。患者术后黄斑裂孔封闭率100%,视网膜均解剖复位。术后最佳矫正视力随术后恢复时间逐渐提高。眼压在术后1,2,3d有升高,7d后下降逐步恢复正常。患病病程＜6mo的患者较病程>6mo的患者术后视力恢复好。黄斑裂孔患者的术后1mo最佳矫正视力与患者年龄无相关性。 结论：玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术是治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的有效手术方式,可提高术后视力。     

玻璃体切割术联合内界膜剥离术治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱落

目的：探究黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱落(macular hole retinal detachment,MHRD)患者应用玻璃体切割术(pars planavitrectomy,PPV)联合内界膜剥离术(internal limiting membrane peeling,ILMP)治疗的效果。

方法：选取我院在2013-12/2015-12期间收治的、符合纳入标准的MHRD患者78例83眼。根据患者是否应用PPV联合ILMP治疗,随机分为试验组(39例40眼)和对照组(39例43眼),对照组应用PPV治疗。观察两组治疗效果; 随访6mo后,比较两组患者视力改善情况以及手术前和手术后3、6mo的平均最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA); 并记录术后并发症发生情况。

结果：治疗效果：与对照组相比,试验组的视网膜复位率为92%(37/40),具有统计学差异(χ²=6.882,P=0.009); 视力改善情况：试验组的视力改善情况较对照组好,差异有统计学意义(χ²=14.216,P<0.001); 术后BCVA：试验组术后3、6mo的BCVA显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=7.119,P<0.001; t=10.573,P<0.001); 并发症：与对照组相比,试验组发生眼内压增高和视野缺损的情况较少,具有统计学差异(χ²=11.323,P=0.001; χ²=8.573, P=0.003); 晶状体混浊发生率无明显改变,但差异有统计学意义(χ²=1.835,P=0.176)。

结论：MHRD患者应用PPV联合ILMP术后恢复情况好,并发症发生率低,能更好地提高患者视网膜复位效果。     

Long-term follow-up after macular hole surgery with internal limiting membrane peeling

PURPOSE: To report long-term anatomical and functional results after pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) for idiopathic macular hole. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, consecutive series. METHODS: Ninety-nine patients with a follow-up of at least 12 months were included. The surgical technique consisted of a standard pars plana vitrectomy, removal of the ILM, and an intraocular gas tamponade (15% hexafluoroethane [C(2)F(6)] gas mixture) followed by head-down positioning for at least 5 days. Follow-up examinations included a clinical examination, Goldmann perimetry, optical coherence tomography, and static microperimetry using a Rodenstock scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO-105). Stimulus size was 0.2 degrees (Goldmann II), intensities employed were 0 and 12 dB. Twenty-degree fields were used for all tests. RESULTS: Mean period of review was 32 months (median 34). Anatomic closure was achieved in 86 (87%) of 99 patients by one surgical procedure. Nine patients underwent a successful second operation with an improvement of visual acuity in 7 patients. The closure rate after two surgical interventions was 96%. Best-corrected visual acuity improved from a median of 20/100 preoperatively to a median of 20/40 postoperatively (P <.001). An improvement of visual acuity was achieved in 94% of patients. In 13 of 99 patients (13%) a combined vitrectomy and cataract surgery with intraocular lens implant was performed; 72 patients (73%) underwent cataract surgery later. Ninety of 99 patients (91%) were pseudophakic on last presentation. Paracentral scotomata did not change in size, density, or shape over time. Its incidence was not correlated with the stage of the macular hole. No postoperative epiretinal membrane formation or late reopening of the macular hole was observed. One patient presented with a peripheral visual field defect after vitrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Macular hole surgery with peeling of the ILM without the use of adjuvants or ILM staining leads to good functional long-term results. Paracentral scotomata remained subclinical in most cases and may be due to a mechanical trauma of the nerve fiber layer.     

Retinal thinning after internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular hole

Purpose

To determine the changes in retinal thickness and whether they correlate with the size of the macular hole (MH) after vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling.

Study design

Retrospective, interventional case series

Methods

Consecutive patients with an MH and undergoing pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling were studied. The retinal thicknesses in the inner 4 sectors as defined by the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study were measured using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) before and at 2 weeks and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the surgery. The basal and minimum diameters of the MHs were measured. The correlations between the retinal thicknesses and the size of the MH were determined.

Results

Thirty-three eyes of 32 consecutive patients (18 women; mean age, 64.2 ± 8.8 years) with an MH were studied. Thirteen eyes had a stage-2 MH; 12 eyes, a stage-3 MH; and 8 eyes, a stage-4 MH. The mean retinal thickness in the temporal sector was 362.8 ± 29.9 µm preoperatively, 337.9 ± 20.6 µm at 2 weeks postoperatively, and 307.6 ± 20.2 µm at 12 months postoperatively (P < .001 for both, paired t tests). The respective mean thicknesses in the superior, inferior, and nasal sectors were 373.9 ± 34.9, 367 ± 28.7, and 385.5 ± 35.9 µm preoperatively; 361.6 ± 22.7, 359.4 ± 20.6, and 383.4 ± 29.0 µm at 2 weeks postoperatively (P = .0087, P = .049, P = .635); and 339.4 ± 18.9, 331.6 ± 21.4, and 371.3 ± 23.2 µm at 12 months postoperatively (P < .001, P < .001, P = .033). The changes in the retinal thickness at 2 weeks and 12 months in all 4 sectors were significantly correlated with the basal and minimum diameters of the MH.

Conclusions

Retinal thinning was observed soon after the MH surgery mainly in the temporal sector but also in the superior and inferior sectors. The thinning was greater in eyes with a larger MH, indicating that retinal structures dynamically change after internal limiting membrane peeling.

     

Phacovitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling for idiopathic macular hole

BACKGROUND: Progressive nuclear sclerosis is a known complication of macular hole surgery that hinders patients' recovery to their best visual acuity postoperatively. We report the visual outcome, complications and efficacy of combined phacoemulsification, intraocular lens (IOL) insertion and vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for patients with cataract undergoing macular hole surgery. METHODS: We reviewed the records of 32 consecutive patients (36 eyes) who underwent phacoemulsification with insertion of a polymethylmethacrylate lens into the capsular bag and pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling in one session for repair of idiopathic macular hole. Patients were assessed between February 1998 and August 2001. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 70 (range 52 to 83) years, and 25 (78%) were women. The median duration of the holes before surgery was 8.3 months; in 19 eyes (53%) the duration was 6 months or less. Twenty eyes (56%) had stage 3 holes. The preoperative vision was 20/200 or worse in 29 eyes (80%). The mean grade of nuclear sclerosis was 2.4. The average length of follow-up after surgery was 11 (range 1.5 to 37) months. Primary hole closure was achieved in 28 eyes (78%). In five of the remaining eight cases the patient consented to a second procedure, which was successful in four cases, for a final closure rate of 89%. Postoperatively, the visual acuity improved by 2 lines or more in 22 eyes (61%). Of the 32 eyes with final closure, 11 (34%) attained a visual acuity of 20/40 or better, and 25 (78%) had an acuity of 20/100 or better. The most common complication was posterior capsular opacification (27 eyes [75%]), an expected complication when perfluoropropane or other gases are used for tamponade. INTERPRETATION: The results are comparable to those with standard macular hole surgery. Combined surgery is reliable and safe; the benefits support its use as a routine procedure for patients with cataract undergoing macular hole repair.     

内界膜剥除治疗特发性黄斑裂孔

在三通道睫状体平坦部玻璃体切除术中进行内界膜剥离治疗特发性黄斑裂孔,可以减少对黄斑的切线方向牵拉,使黄斑裂孔封闭,视网膜复位,提高术后视力,减少黄斑裂孔的复发。应用吲哚青绿、台盼蓝、曲安奈德等染色有助于提高内界膜剥离术的成功,但也存在一定的并发症。     

特发性黄斑前膜患眼手术后中心凹无血管区面积变化及其与视物变形的相关性研究

目的观察特发性黄斑前膜(IMEM)患眼玻璃体切割手术(PPV)后中心凹无血管区(FAZ)面积变化及其与视物变形的相关性。方法回顾性系列病例研究。2016年8月至2017年10月于解放军中部战区总医院眼科检查确诊的IMEM患者38例42只眼纳入研究。均行BCVA、视物变形评分表、扫频光源OCT及OCT血管成像(OCTA)检查。患眼平均logMAR BCVA为0.61±0.21;平均视物变形度(M)值为0.66±0.38;平均黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(CMT)为(337.71±57.63)μm;平均浅层、深层FAZ面积分别为(0.113±0.037)、(0.202±0.03)mm^2。所有患眼均行经睫状体平坦部三切口闭合式25G PPV,同时剥除视网膜前膜(ERM)及内界膜(ILM)。观察手术后12个月FAZ面积、M值及BCVA变化情况;同时分析FAZ面积与M值之间的相关性。手术前后BCVA、M值、CMT、FAZ面积比较采用单因素重复测量资料的方差分析;手术前后BCVA、M值与CMT、FAZ面积的相关性分析均采用Spearman秩相关分析。结果手术后12个月时,浅层、深层FAZ面积分别为(0.146±0.021)、(0.240±0.019)mm^2,较手术前明显扩大(F=8.484、14.346,P<0.001、<0.001);平均M值为0.12±0.22,较手术前明显降低(F=17.763,P<0.001);平均logMAR BCVA为0.47±0.19,较手术前明显改善(F=5.044,P=0.001);平均CMT为(270.60±33.27)μm,较手术前明显下降(F=13.545,P<0.001)。相关性分析结果显示,手术前浅层FAZ面积与M值呈负相关(r=-0.816,P<0.001),与BCVA无相关(r=-0.198,P=0.216);深层FAZ面积与BCVA、M值呈负相关(r=-0.422、-0.882,P=0.005、<0.001)。手术后浅层FAZ面积与手术前后M值呈负相关(r=-0.791、-0.716,P<0.001、<0.001),与手术前后BCVA无相关(r=-0.290、-0.296,P=0.063、0.057);深层FAZ面积与手术前后BCVA、M值呈负相关(r=-0.343、-0.330、-0.732、-0.694,P=0.026、0.033、<0.001、<0.001)。结论PPV联合ERM及ILM剥除能有效恢复IMEM患眼浅层、深层FAZ面积,提高患眼视力、降低视物变形程度;浅层FAZ面积与视物变形度呈负相关,深层FAZ面积与视物变形度、BCVA呈负相关。     

病理性近视并发黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术后疗效分析

目的:探讨玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术治疗病理性近视黄斑裂孔的临床效果。方法:回顾性研究。选取2017-01/2019-01于我院确诊的高度近视黄斑裂孔患者18例19眼,将其分为病理性近视组(9例10眼)和非病理性近视组(9例9眼),均接受玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术。术后随访3~23mo,观察两组患者末次随访时最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、视物变形症状及黄斑裂孔闭合情况。结果:末次随访时,病理性近视组术后BCVA提高6眼,不变2眼,下降2眼,黄斑裂孔完全闭合7眼(70%),裸露型闭合2眼(20%),未闭合1眼(10%);非病理性近视组术后BCVA提高6眼,不变2眼,下降1眼,黄斑裂孔完全闭合8眼(88%),裸露型闭合1眼(11%)。术前两组患者眼轴长度有明显差异,眼轴长度与末次随访时黄斑裂孔闭合率呈负相关(rs=-0.477,P=0.039)。结论:玻璃体切除联合内界膜剥除术治疗高度近视黄斑裂孔可有效改善最佳矫正视力,但病理性近视患者裂孔闭合率低于非病理性近视患者。     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜翻转术与传统内界膜剥离术治疗黄斑裂孔的疗效对比

目的探讨玻璃体切割联合内界膜翻转术与传统内界膜剥离术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔的形态学及功能学改变。方法对我院就诊的42例42眼黄斑裂孔患者进行研究,根据患者接受的手术方式不同将患者分为两组,组1患者接受玻璃体切割联合内界膜翻转术治疗,组2患者接受玻璃体切割联合传统内界膜撕除术。所有患者在治疗前及治疗后1个月、3个月,均完善裂隙灯下眼前段检查、非接触眼压测量、裂隙灯下眼底检查、最佳矫正视力测量、黄斑OCT检查,并将两组患者治疗前与治疗后1个月、3个月情况进行对比。结果两组患者治疗前年龄、性别、最佳矫正视力、眼别比例、非接触眼压、黄斑裂孔分期、黄斑裂孔直径、眼轴长度差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。组1治疗特发性黄斑裂孔封闭率(100.00%)高于组2(90.91%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者术后1个月(P_组1<0.01,P_组2=0.03)、3个月(P_组1<0.01,P_组2<0.01)最佳矫正视力均较术前提高,差异均有统计学意义。两组患者术后1个月、3个月...     

Sub-retinal hemorrhage during internal limiting membrane peeling for a macular hole

PURPOSE: To report the occurrence of sub-retinal hemorrhage during peeling of the internal limiting membrane (ILM). CASE REPORTS: In case 1, a three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed on a 57-year-old woman with a macular hole. Following the staining of the ILM with indocyanine green, the ILM was peeled with forceps, and a sub-retinal and vitreous hemorrhage resulted from a vein during the peeling. The bleeding was stopped by elevating the intraocular pressure. The final visual acuity was 20/30. In case 2, similar procedures were performed on a 68-year-old woman with a macular hole. A sub-retinal hemorrhage occurred while peeling the ILM. The pre-operative visual acuity was 20/300, and final visual acuity was 20/200. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons should be aware that sub-retinal and vitreous hemorrhage can be a complication of ILM peeling.     

玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔

目的评价玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔的临床疗效。方法采用玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术治疗特发性黄斑裂孔17例17眼,对患者术前术后视功能、术后黄斑裂孔闭合及手术主要并发症等进行检查和随访。结果本组17眼均成功剥离内界膜。随访5～24个月,其中13眼黄斑裂孔完全闭合,4眼裂孔直径缩小,裂孔封闭成功率为76.47%;17眼中14眼视力提高,视力提高率为82.35%;视物变形等症状也有明显改善。并发症主要有术中毛细血管性出血、术后一过性高眼压及晶状体后囊下混浊。结论玻璃体切割联合内界膜剥离术可有效封闭特发性黄斑裂孔,提高视功能。