慢性乙型肝炎患者乙型肝炎病毒前C区基因突变与临床关系

为了解慢性乙型肝炎患者是否有前Ｃ区基因突变及其与临床的关系，应用快速检测乙型肝炎病毒前Ｃ区基因突变方法，对５３例患者进行了研究。结果显示：２５例ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性患者中１３例有突变株感染，最常见的突变形式为１８９８位或伴有１９０１位突变（１０／１３例）。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者乙型肝炎病毒前C区基因突变与干扰素的关系

应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术扩增乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）ＤＮＡ前Ｃ和部分Ｃ区基因，快速检测ＨＢＶ前Ｃ终止密码突变方法，对慢性乙型肝炎患者干扰素治疗与ＨＢＶ前Ｃ突变关系作了初步研究。６例干扰素治疗后４例ＨＢＶＤＮＡ转阴，２例阳性者均检出突变株。１１例非干扰素治疗者中，检出突变株３例。１例干扰素治疗１个月后ＨＢＶｅ抗累（ＨＢｅＡｇ）转阴，优势病毒株已由突变株与野生株共存状态替代原有野生株，提示干扰素治疗后ＨＢｅＡｇ转阴并不意味着ＨＢＶ被清除，而有潜在ＨＢＶ前Ｃ突变的可能。     

慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV前C基因突变与干扰素关系的初步研究

应用ＰＣＲ技术扩增ＨＢＶＤＮＡ前Ｃ和部分Ｃ区基因，快速检测ＨＢＶ前Ｃ终止密码突变方法，作者对慢性乙肝患者干扰素治疗与ＨＢＶ前Ｃ突变关系作了初步研究。６例干扰素治疗后４例ＨＢＶＤＮＡ转阴，２例阳性者均检出突变株。１１例非干扰素治疗者中，检出突变株３例。１例干扰素治疗一个月后ＨＢｅＡｇ转阴，优势病毒株已由突变株与野生株共存状态替代原有野生株，由此提示，干扰素治疗后ＨＢｅＡｇ转阴，并不意味着ＨＢＶ被清除，而有潜在ＨＢＶ前Ｃ突变的可能。     

乙型肝炎病毒前C区基因突变的研究进展

本文综述了乙型肝炎病毒前Ｃ区基因突变的研究进展。前Ｃ区某些部位，特别是第１８９６位核到的终止突变，使ＨＢＶ失去分泌ＨＢｅＡｇ的能力，但不影响其复制与传染，前Ｃ区突变的发生除与ＨＢＶ前基因组逆转不过程中缺乏校验酶而发生碱基错配有关外，主要与宿主的免疫压力有关，前Ｃ区的突变常伴有其它基因特点是Ｃ基因的突变，共同影响突变株的生物学特性及宿主的临床转归，使某些突变株与重症肝炎的发生及干扰素的疗效关系密切，     

乙型肝炎病毒前C区基因突变的研究进展

本文综述了乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)前C区基因突变的研究进展。前C区某些部位,特别是第1896位核苷酸的终止突变,使HBV失去分泌HBeAg的能力,但不影响其复制与传染。前C区突变的发生除与HBV前基因组逆转录过程中缺乏校验酶而发生碱基错配有关外,主要与宿主的免疫压力有关。前C区的突变常伴有其它基因特别是C基因的突变,共同影响突变株的生物学特性及宿主的临床转归,使某些突变株与重症肝炎的发生及干扰素的疗效关系密切,在母婴传播及肝移植中具有特殊意义。     

乙型肝炎病毒前C区、C启动子区、前S2区基因突变与慢性肝病的相关性

近年研究发现，乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）前C区nt1896位G→A、C启动子区（CP）nt1762、nt1764双突变、以及前S区基因突变与慢性肝炎患者病情活动和慢性化、疾病严重程度有一定关系。为此，我们分别检测无症状HBV携带者、慢性乙型肝炎患者、肝硬化患者血清HBV DNA基因序列，对前C、CP、前S2区域的突变情况与HBV不同感染状态的关系作一探讨。     

慢性重型乙型肝炎前C区及BCP区基因突变的临床意义

应用基因芯片杂交技术检测慢性重型乙型肝炎（慢重肝）及非重型肝炎（包括慢乙肝及肝硬化）患者血清中HBV前C区A1896、A1899及BCP区T1762/A1764联合突变的发生率,比较慢重肝好转或治愈患者及恶化或死亡患者前C区及BCP区基因突变情况。结果慢重肝前C区A1896、A1899,BCP区T1762/A1764联合突变率及两区多位点突变率与慢乙肝或肝硬化患者比较均有显著统计学差异（P均〈0.01）;慢重肝好转或治愈患者A1896、A1899及多位点变异率与恶化或死亡患者比较均有统计学差异（P均〈0.05）。提示HBV前C区及BCP区基因变异为慢重肝的重要发病机制之一。     

乙型肝炎病毒相关慢性肝病前C区/BCP区基因突变的临床意义

实验采用PCR技术及芯片杂交原理，对65例乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)相关性慢性肝病患者进行前C区及BCP区A1896、A1899及nt1762／nt1764联合突变检测，探讨HBV相关性慢性肝病前C区／BCP区基因突变的临床意义。     

52例慢性乙型肝炎 HBV 前C区基因突变研究

本文采用多聚酶链反应－－单链构象多态分析（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）银染技术检测了５２例ＨＢＶＤＮＡ阳性慢性乙型肝炎口才的ＨＢＶ前Ｃ区基因突变。结果有前Ｃ区突变株感染３２例,突变株检出率为６１．５％;突变株的检出以慢性下肝炎最高,其次是慢性乙肝重度、中度口才慢性乙肝轻度患者量低;抗－ＨＢｅ阳性２１前Ｃ区突变株检出率高于ＨＢｅＡｇ阳性患者。表明ＨＢＶ前Ｃ区突变与病情轻重及ｅ系统血清标志有关。     

慢性乙型肝炎HBV前C区基因突变与中医虚实证的关系

目的:探讨慢性乙型肝炎HBV前C区基因突变与中医虚证和实证的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态分析(PCR-SSCP)银染技术,对91例慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV前C区基因突变进行了研究。结果:53例慢性乙型肝炎实证患者,HBV DNA阳性36例,其中前C区基因突变26例,突变率为72.2％;38例虚证患者,HBV DNA阳性16例,其中前C区基因突变6例,突变率为37.5％。两组比较有显著性差异,P<0.01。实证突变组肝功能ALT、AST和SB水平显著高于虚证突变组及未突变组,P<0.01。结论:HBV前C区基因突变与中医虚证和实证有一定的关系,实证突变率高于虚证,且实证突变组的炎症活动较虚证组剧烈。     

乙型肝炎病毒前C区变异与慢性乙型肝炎病理改变的相关性

目的 探讨慢性乙型肝炎中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）前C区1896突变与肝组织病理的关系。方法 对173例慢性乙型肝炎患者进行肝活检,观察肝组织病理分级（G）和分期（S）情况,同时检测乙型肝炎病毒的e系统状态和HBV前c区1896阳性患者（20％）;随着肝组织炎症活动度和纤维化程度的进展,变异株检出率似乎有增加趋势,但无统计学意义（P＝0．98和P=0．052)。结论 HBV前C区变异在HBeAg阴性组高于HBeAg阳性组;未发现HBV前C1896变异与慢性乙型肝炎的炎症分级和纤维化分期有相关关系。     

慢性乙型肝炎HBV前C区基因突变与sIL—2R的关系

目的探讨细胞因子sIL-2R在慢性乙型肝炎HBV前C区突变致病机理中的意义.方法采用PCR-单链构象多态性分析银染技术检测52例HBVDNA阳性患者的HBV前C区基因突变,ELISA法测定血清中sIL-2R.结果52例HBVDNA阳性患者,检出HBV前C区突变32例,突变率为61.5%;突变组sIL-2R水平为699.98±138.17U/ml,非突变组sIL-2R为458.71±114.92U/ml,两组比较P＜0.01;突变组的ALT、AST分别为152.19±53.87U/L、219.23±64.59U/L,显著高于非突变组,P＜0.01.结论细胞因子sIL-2R参与了突变株感染所引起的肝损伤.     

Mutations of Basal Core Promoter and Precore Regions in Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes B and C

Background:

Mutations in basal core promoter (BCP) and precore regions of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are associated with course and treatment outcomes of chronic HBV infection. While BCP and precore mutation analysis have been carried out in adult patients between different genotypes, this analysis has rarely been performed for chronically infected children.

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to assess the mutation profiles of BCP and precore regions in different HBV genotypes in chronically infected children.

Patients and Methods:

A cohort of 245 children and 92 adults with chronic HBV infection was included in this study. BCP and precore regions were analyzed by PCR amplification and sequenced.

Results:

Ten nucleotide positions, including nt1679, nt1721, nt1753, nt1757, nt1758, nt1762, nt1764, nt1775, nt1856 and nt1858 in BCP/precore regions of HBV genome, showed obviously higher frequencies of mutation in genotype C subjects than in genotype B subjects among children, while there were only three positions, including nt1679, nt1758 and nt1775 showing higher mutation frequencies in genotype C subjects than in genotype B subjects in adults. Several combined mutations were obviously highly distributed in children with chronic HBV genotype C infection, such as G1721A/A1775G/T1858C triple mutation; a novel combined mutation type, exclusively detected in children with chronic HBV genotype C infection. In addition, G1721A/A1775G/T1858C combined mutation was associated with higher viral load and lower age distribution.

Conclusions:

The mutation ratio difference between genotypes B and C in children was higher than that of adults and several combined mutations were exclusively detected in children with chronic HBV genotype C infection associated with higher viral load.     

G1896A Precore Mutation and Association With HBeAg Status,Genotype and Clinical Status in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B

Background:

Precore stop codon (G1896A) mutation is one of the commonest mutations found in patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, over the years, this mutation was not reported much in Malaysia.

Objectives:

We therefore investigated the presence of G1896A mutation in Malaysian population and its association with HBeAg status, clinical stage, hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype and e-seroconversion rate.

Patients and Methods:

Serum samples from 93 patients confirmed as hepatitis B carriers were collected for molecular assay. The whole genome of HBV was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced. The precore and basal core promoter regions were analyzed for presence of mutations.

Results:

The most commonly observed mutation in the precore region was C1858T with 64.5% prevalence. The precore mutation of interest (G1896A) was identified in 25.8% of isolates. The basal core promoter mutations detected were A1762T-G1764A (26.9%), C1653T (8.6%), A1752G (10.8%) and C1766T (2.2%). No significant association was observed between G1896A mutation and HBeAg-negativity. Nonetheless, G1896A was highly prevalent among HBV genotype B. Clinical association revealed that subjects with G1896A mutations were mainly detected in asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B (58.3%) and liver cirrhosis (41.7%). One subject was diagnosed with fulminant hepatitis (4.2%) and 8.3% had hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Conclusions:

Our data suggested an intermediate prevalence of G1896A mutation among Malaysian hepatitis B carriers. The stop codon mutation has a significant association with genotype B and patients with chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis.     

用选择性PCR在e抗原阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者血清中检出前C区终止变异

目的:探讨慢性乙型肝炎前C区终止变异的临床意义。方法:建立一种简单而灵敏度高的选择性聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测乙型肝炎病毒前C终止变异。结果:在47例慢性乙型肝炎中检出前C终止变异38例(81％),其在慢性肝炎、肝硬化、慢性重型肝炎中的检出率分别为82％(28/34)、80％(8/10)和67％(2/3),在HBeAg日性和抗HDe阳性中分别为76％(13/17)和83％(25/30),P>0.05。结论:前C终止变异在HBeAg阳性慢性肝病中亦呈高频率检出,抗HBe阳性慢性肝病并不都与前C终止变异有关。     

HBV S基因亚型与前C基因1896位点变异关系的初步研究

目的:研究HBV S基因亚型与前C基因1896位点变异的关系。方法:对104例病人血清用PCR技术特异性扩增前C基因1896位点突变和用PCR-RFLP技术对HBV S基因分型。结果:①1896位点变异检出率为63.46％;②武汉地区HBVS基因亚型Ⅰ感染率为68.27％,亚型Ⅱ为25.00％,亚型Ⅲ为4.81％,亚型Ⅰ Ⅱ复合感染为1.92％;③在亚型Ⅱ中,单纯野生株感染为80.77％,单纯变异株为7.7％,野生株变异株同时感染为11.54％,而占感染多数的亚型Ⅰ中,野生株和变异株的感染无差异。结论:1896位点是高频率变异位点,其变异不是随机的,而是与HBV不同的S基因亚型有关,基因亚型Ⅱ不易发生1896位点变异,受感染的机体内环境只是起促进变异的作用。     

抗-HBe阳性乙型肝炎病毒C基因启动子和前C基因变异

研究抗 -HBe阳性乙型肝炎病毒C基因启动子 (CP)和前C基因变异。用基因序列分析检测基因变异。(1)抗 -HBe阳性患者的前C终止变异 (nt1896G→A)的发生率显著高于抗 -HBe阴性组 (P <0 0 0 1) ;而CP双变异(nt176 2A→T和 176 4G→A)则在两组中无明显差异。 (2 )同抗 -HBe阳性慢性乙肝组比较 ,抗 -HBe阳性重型乙肝患者的前C终止变异和CP双变异发生率无明显差异 ,而CPnt175 2A→G变异发生率则显著增高 (P <0 0 5 )。前C终止变异与抗 -HBe阳性乙型肝炎密切相关 ;而CPnt175 2变异则可能与抗 -HBe阳性重型乙型肝炎发病有关     

HBsAg阳性慢性肝病患者肝组织HBV DNA分子状态与血清HBV标志物关系的研究

采用分子杂交技术对28例慢性肝病患者进行肝组织和血清HBV对比研究,结果表明:①肝组织HBV DNA阳性率显著高于血清HBV DNA阳性率,②血清DNA-P反映乙肝病毒的早期复制;③血清HBeAg阴性、Anti-HBe阳性时肝组织内可发现游离型HBV DNA及小片段DNA,表明肝内HBV正处于活跃复制状态,从分子水平证实了Anti-HBe阳性时部分患者可有传染性,需积极有效治疗:④慢迁肝和慢活肝中发现整合型HBV DNA较少,提示慢活肝经治疗后有希望达到从肝内清除乙肝病毒的目的。另外,也提示乙肝病毒在肝内的复制状态与病理损伤无直接关系。