克隆荧光抗体染色法与金标免疫斑点法检测沙眼衣原体的比较

目的:比较克隆荧光抗体染色法(DFA)与金标免疫斑点法(DOT)检测沙眼衣原体的优越性。方法:用克隆荧光抗体染色法与金标免疫斑点法对386例疑似患者标本进行检测,并对两种方法的检测结果进行比较分析。结果:克隆荧光抗体染色法与金标免疫斑点法对比386份标本的检测阳性率分别为28.2%和16.32%,二者结果有显著差异,P<0.05。结论:克隆荧光抗体染色法与金标免疫斑点法相比较具有专一性、特异性、灵敏度高、快捷方便等优点,对沙眼衣原体的早期诊断具有特殊意义。     

金标免疫斑点法检测结核抗体的临床意义

目的 了解金标免疫斑点法检测结核抗体的临床意义。方法 用PPD试验、金标免疫斑点法、痰直接涂片、痰结核菌培养同时检测受试对象。结果 金标免疫斑点法的敏感性为80.7%，特异性为95.1%，PPD的敏感性为86.0%，特异性为92.2%；痰直接涂片敏感性为24.6%，特异性为100%；痰培养的敏感性为29.8%，特异性为100%。结论 金标免疫斑点法测定结核抗体是一种快速、简便、实用的技术。     

金标免疫斑点法检测肺癌患者血清相关抗原

金标免疫斑点法检测肺癌患者血清相关抗原周焘良＊以人体肺癌细胞株为免疫原制备的肺癌单克隆抗体，结合金标免疫斑点技术（ＤＩＧ－ＦＡ）建立的快速、敏感的诊断方法，使肺癌早期诊断成为现实。对经组织学证实的２１例肺癌患者，１９例对照组的血清进行检测血清肺癌相关...     

金标免疫斑点法检测结核抗体在结核病诊断中的应用

目的：探讨金标免疫斑点法检测结核抗体在结核病诊断中的应用价值。方法：对302例活动性结核、非活动性结核和非结核病病患者的血清利用金标免、疫斑点法进行结核抗体检测,并同时留取痰标本进行抗酸染色找结核杆菌;82例结核性及非结核性穿刺液进行结核抗体检测,并取离心沉淀物涂片抗酸染色找结核杆菌;对检测结果进行相关性比较。结果：金标斑点法检测结核抗体对活动性结核和非活动性结核的检出率明显高于涂片抗酸染色镜检的检出率,两者差异有显著性。结论：金标免疫斑点法检测结核抗体对结核病早期诊断具有重要价值。     

痰涂片法找抗酸杆菌与血清免疫法检测抗酸杆菌的比较

目的 :比较结核病人中抗酸杆菌测定的两种方法 ,痰涂片方法和血清金标免疫斑点法。方法 :检测了两种方法的阳性率。检测 2 5例标本中 ,涂片法阳性率为 5 6 % ,金标免疫斑点法为 2 4 % ,可见涂片法明显高于金标免疫斑点法     

聚合酶链反应及血清学检测非淋菌性尿道炎的研究

目的 :非淋菌性尿道炎患者用荧光定量聚合酶链反应和金标免疫斑点法检测的结果分析及相互关系。方法 :采集 6 6例患者尿道拭子用荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测CT、UUDNA含量同时采集当日空腹血清用金标免疫斑点法检测CT、Uu的IgG。 2种方法阳性率的比较采用McNemarχ2 检验。结果 :显示两种方法的检测结果差异没有显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。女性患者Uu阳性率明显高于男性患者 ,CT阳性率在男性和女性之间差异不明显。结论 :应将两种方法 (有条件的可几种方法 )结合起来分析 ,并要加强与临床医生沟通 ,提高标本采集质量 ,对操作人员进行严格培训 ,认真按照要求操作 ,从而提高阳性检出率及准确性。     

聚合酶链反应及血清学检测非淋菌性尿道炎的研究

目的:非淋菌性尿道炎患者用荧光定量聚合酶链反应和金标免疫斑点法检测的结果分析及相互关系.方法:采集66例患者尿道拭子用荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测CT、Uu DNA含量同时采集当日空腹血清用金标免疫斑点法检测CT、Uu的IgG.2种方法阳性率的比较采用McNemar x2检验.结果:显示两种方法的检测结果差异没有显著性(P＞0.05).女性患者Uu阳性率明显高于男性患者,CT阳性率在男性和女性之间差异不明显.结论:应将两种方法(有条件的可几种方法)结合起来分析,并要加强与临床医生沟通,提高标本采集质量,对操作人员进行严格培训,认真按照要求操作,从而提高阳性检出率及准确性.     

不孕妇女衣原体及支原体感染对性交后试验的影响

目的：探讨不孕妇女生殖道沙眼衣原体（ＣＴ）及解脲支原体（ＵＵ）感染对性产后的试验（ＰＣＲ）的影响。方法：本研究用ＰＣＲ方法检测了２０３例不孕妇女性交后宫颈粘液分泌物中ＣＴ及ＵＵ－ＤＮＡ表达。结果：ＰＣＲ不良组ＣＴ及ＵＵ－ＤＮＡ阳性率分别为３０．３％和２８．３％,显著高于ＰＣＴ正常组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论：ＣＴ及ＵＵ感染改变宫颈粘液性状,阻止精子从宫颈穿过是导致不孕的原因之一。     

不同方法检测淋球菌的临床应用探讨

目的 探讨不同方法检测淋球菌的临床应用价值,为淋球菌性阴道炎和尿道炎的诊断提供临床依据.方法 选取该院收治的120例疑似淋病患者的样本进行淋球菌检测,采用快速检查试纸片法、直接涂片法、金标免疫斑点法、SPA协同凝集法、淋球菌培养法对淋球菌进行检测,观察不同方法的敏感性和特异性.结果 以淋球菌培养法作为检测的“金标准”,快速检查试纸片法的敏感性和特异性分别为79.8％和67.9％,直接涂片法为71.4％和63.1％,金标免疫斑点法为95.2％和96.4％,SPA协同凝集法为92.9％和71.4％,金标免疫斑点法和SPA协同凝集法的敏感性和特异性明显高于快速检查试纸片法和直接涂片法,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 从检测的敏感性、特异性、快速性等方面考虑,金标免疫斑点法和SPA协同凝集法可作为检测淋球菌的常规检测方法,对检测患者的淋球菌具有重要的临床价值.     

全血金标试纸法检测无偿献血者HBsAg漏检原因分析

目的：探讨全血金标试纸法检测无偿献血者HBsAg漏检原因。方法：用ELISA法双试荆双孔复检1256份全血金标法HBsAg阴性血.同时再用全血金标试纸测HBsAg。另用ELISA法和金标法检测0.5、1、2、5和10ng/ml HBsAg定值标本。结果：与ELISA法比较，金标法检测HBsAg漏检率为0.48％(6/1256)，这6份HBsAg漏检血均为ELISA法弱阳性(S/CO值为1.0～3.0)，其中有3份血在金标法再测时出现弱阳性。ELISA法可检出0.5ng/ml HBsAg，金标法最低检出量为1～10ng/ml，纸条间重复性较差。结论：金标法漏检HBsAg的原因有三：灵敏度低于ELISA，且纸条间差异大；人为操作因素：实验环境条件。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.