Onyx胶介入栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘19例疗效分析

目的总结血管内栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)的经验和体会。方法回顾性分析使用Onyx胶栓塞19例DAVF病人的临床资料。经动脉入路栓塞9例,经静脉入路栓塞7例,经动静脉联合入路栓塞3例。结果辅助弹簧圈栓塞9例,辅助球囊栓塞7例,单纯Onyx胶栓塞3例。瘘口完全栓塞18例;大部分栓塞1例,术后血流明显变慢,需二次栓塞。术后原有症状不同程度缓解或消失,并发外展神经麻痹3例。完全栓塞病例术后3个月复查未见复发。结论 DAVF通过Onyx胶血管内治疗能够达到良好的治疗效果。     

Onyx胶栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘的初步体会

目的 总结应用Onyx胶栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘的初步结果 及经验.方法 采用Onyx胶经血管内栓塞治疗18例影像学证实的硬脑膜动静脉瘘.对所有患者的临床特征及血管内治疗过程进行同顾性分析.结果 15例采用动脉入路、1例采用动静脉联合入路、2例采用静脉入路进行栓塞治疗.13例患者经栓塞后瘘口完全闭塞,3例大部分柃塞,2例部分栓塞,死亡1例.17例患者随访3～24个月,症状完全消失或无加重.造影显示病变1例复发.结论 Onyx胶是血管内栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘的理想材料,通过动脉入路对大多数患者能较好的弥散并栓塞瘘口,短期疗效满意.对于动脉入路难以到达瘘口而静脉窦通畅者,可行动静脉入路或静脉入路进行.其长期效果有待进一步的随访评价.     

Onyx和／或弹簧圈栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的探讨经不同入路应用Onyx、弹簧圈或二者联合栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘的疗效。方法回顾性分析21例经DSA证实为海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘患者的临床资料。21例患者中,15例经岩下窦入路栓塞,2例经面静脉或颞浅静脉一眼静脉人路栓塞,4例经动脉入路栓塞;单纯使用Onyx栓塞11例,单纯用弹簧圈栓塞3例,用弹簧圈联合Onyx栓塞7例,其中2例注入Onyx过程中使用封堵球囊保护颈内动脉。结果栓塞术后即刻造影显示瘘口完全闭塞17例,大部分闭塞4例。栓塞术后所有颅内杂音均消失。术后出现同侧眼睑下垂加重2例,动眼神经麻痹1例,外展神经麻痹2例,3月后均改善。16例患者随访3～62个月,平均随访28个月;6例经DSA随访未见复发,10例电话或门诊随访症状改善。结论使用Onyx、弹簧圈或二者联合进行栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘,静脉入路为首选,必要时可使用封堵球囊保护供血动脉,可以取得较为满意的疗效。     

经眼动脉途径栓塞治疗颅前窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘的临床疗效

目的 探讨经眼动脉途径栓塞颅前窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘（DAVF）的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年4月至2022年5月经眼动脉途径栓塞治疗的9例颅前窝底DAVF的临床资料。结果 额叶血肿合并蛛网膜下腔出血4例,头痛2例,球结膜水肿1例,无症状2例。Cognard分型Ⅲ型2例,Ⅳ型7例。9例均采用Onyx-18胶栓塞,术后即刻造影显示均完全栓塞,无手术并发症。术后随访6～18个月,平均（11.8±1.33）个月。末次随访,症状均消失,无复发。结论 经眼动脉途径栓塞颅前窝底DAVF可以安全、有效的闭塞瘘口,近、中期疗效良好。     

经眼动脉入路栓塞前颅窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘的效果

目的 探讨经眼动脉途径栓塞颅前窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)的临床疗效和安全性.方法 回顾性分析2010年4月至2017年6月经眼动脉入路使用Onyx18胶栓塞治疗的13例颅前窝底DAVF的临床资料.结果 术后即刻造影显示,完全栓塞9例,部分栓塞4例.术后2例发生视物模糊.术后6个月随访造影显示,13例均完全栓塞.结论...     

Onyx胶栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘的初步经验

目的 探讨Onyx胶在硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)血管内治疗中的应用价值.方法 全麻下经股动脉穿刺插管,造影证实病变后,微导管超选择插管到达瘘口附近,用Onyx-18栓塞治疗DAVF 10例.其中Cognard Ⅰ、Ⅱ型者6例,Ⅲ型、Ⅳ型者4例;单纯型7例,复合型3例.结果 10例DAVF患者,共行14次栓塞治疗,7例为一次栓塞,2例为二次栓塞,其中1例因DAVF供血动脉复杂,行三次栓塞治疗.最终栓塞达80%以上者8例,其中完全栓塞6例;50%～80%栓寨者2例.本组病例无并发症发牛.结论 Onyx胶栓塞是治疗DAVF较为安全、有效的方法.     

静脉入路Onyx胶联合弹簧圈栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的探讨Onyx胶联合弹簧圈经静脉途径栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘（CDAVF）的可行性及效果。方法经全脑血管造影确诊CDAVF20例,均经静脉途径用Onyx胶联合弹簧圈栓塞治疗。结果本组20例均治愈,栓塞后1例出现外展神经麻痹,经对症处理后痊愈。随防3个月～1年,20例患者均无复发。结论应用Onyx胶联合弹簧圈经静脉入路栓塞治疗CDAVF是一种安全、有效的方法。     

Onyx胶联合弹簧圈治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的 探讨经静脉入路Onyx胶联合弹簧圈在海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘（DAVF）治疗中的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2015年6月收治的16例海绵窦区DAVF的临床资料,均经股静脉-岩下窦路径使用Onyx胶-18/联合弹簧圈栓塞。结果 每例病人弹簧圈用量（4.00±0.73）个,Onyx胶用量（3.43±0.93） ml。岩下窦显影13例,未显影3例;置管成功率100%。16例均治愈。术后7例（43.75%）出现并发症,其中4例为一过性心动过缓,3例为术后头痛,经对症处理均治愈。结论 经静脉入路Onyx胶联合弹簧圈栓塞治疗海绵窦区DAVF疗效肯定,安全性较高。     

球囊辅助介入栓塞硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的 应用球囊辅助Onyx胶介入栓塞硬脑膜动静脉瘘,分析球囊辅助栓塞的意义和效果.方法 回顾性分析6例球囊辅助Onyx胶介入栓塞的硬脑膜动静脉瘘患者,总结临床表现,血管造影特点,血管内治疗方案及临床疗效.结果 6例患者中4例表现为皮层静脉返流.在球囊辅助下,5例经动脉入路栓塞,1例经静脉入路栓塞.4例患者球囊用于保护颈内动脉,1例用于保护椎动脉,1例用于脑膜中动脉防止Onyx胶返流并降低瘘口流速.术后血管造影示4例完全栓塞,2例部分栓塞.1例出现栓塞相关的暂时性面神经麻痹.结论 应用球囊辅助Onyx胶介入栓塞治疗颈内颈外动脉共同供血的硬脑膜动静脉瘘,能够有效地保护颅内动脉.在供血动脉中充盈球囊能够有效防止Onyx胶返流并降低瘘口流速.     

经静脉入路栓塞治疗横窦-乙状窦区的硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的评价经静脉入路栓塞治疗横窦-乙状窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)的安全性和有效性。方法经静脉入路到达患侧的横窦-乙状窦,用微弹簧圈填塞病变静脉窦,同时闭塞瘘口。结果经静脉入路治疗横窦-乙状窦区DAVF共16例。病变累及横窦-乙状窦交界处者11例、横窦者3例、乙状窦者2例。根据Cognard分类,IIa型3例,IIb型1例,IIa b型12例。单纯应用静脉入路7例,经静脉入路前先采用经动脉途径栓塞者8例,经静脉入路栓塞治疗后再经动脉途径栓塞者1例。瘘口完全闭塞13例,瘘口残留3例,但瘘口流量已减少95%以上。15例(94%)在栓塞治疗后临床症状消失,1例栓塞后出现颅内出血死亡,未见其他并发症。随访4～23个月,临床症状无复发。11例行造影复查:3例残留瘘口者2例消失,1例曾行3次造影复查瘘无明显变化,由于无临床症状,未再行栓塞治疗;另外8例造影复查未见复发。结论对于适当选择的横窦-乙状窦区DAVF病例,经静脉入路闭塞病变静脉窦是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

Endovascular treatment for dural arteriovenous fistulas at the jugular foramen

We report the technique and results of the endovascular treatment of jugular foramen dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) in 4 (3 men and 1 women, mean age 50.75 years) symptomatic patients. The jugular foramen DAVFs accounted for 5.9% of intracranial DAVFs. Three patients presented with pulsatile tinnitus and 1 patient presented with intracranial hemorrhage. Angiography demonstrated an AV fistula at the jugular foramen, mostly arising from the middle meningeal, ascending pharyngeal and vertebral arteries with direct drainage to the internal jugular vein. All patients underwent transarterial embolization using Onyx-18. Complete shunt obliteration was achieved in 3 patients; and shunt reduction, in 1 patient, who was cured with additional surgery. Our study suggests that in jugular foramen DAVF transarterial embolization with Onyx should be considered when access is available.     

血管内治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘的疗效分析

目的探讨海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘（CS-DAVF）的血管内栓塞治疗的技巧及疗效。方法采用血管内栓塞治疗经DSA确诊的CS-DAVF患者34例,其中17例经动脉入路,15例静脉入路,2例经动、静脉联合入路;采用Onyx栓塞17例,弹簧圈栓塞6例,Onyx联合弹簧圈栓塞7例,1例采用Gluebran栓塞。结果 17例经动脉入路栓塞患者中,Class分级1级栓塞10例,2级栓塞6例,3级栓塞1例;15例经静脉脉入路栓塞患者中,1级栓塞10例,2级栓塞2例,3例栓塞失败;2例经动静脉联合入路栓塞患者中,1级栓塞1例,2级栓塞1例。31例成功栓塞的患者术后2例出现动眼神经麻痹,2例Onyx误栓同侧大脑中动脉。18例经DSA随访3~36个月,14例1级栓塞的患者未见复发;4例2级栓塞者2例瘘口完全闭塞,2例仍见瘘口。结论血管内栓塞是治疗CS-DAVF首选方法,依据供血动脉、瘘口特点及引流静脉选择不同途径进行个体化治疗,可以取得满意疗效。     

Onyx结合微弹簧圈经静脉入路治疗硬脑膜动-静脉瘘

研究背景采取单纯微弹簧圈栓塞供血动脉姑息治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘的方法,在栓塞血管巢近端供血动脉后,可出现新的供血动脉并可能改变静脉引流途径,从而增加颅内出血风险。闭塞引流静脉是一种十分有效的治疗方法,且经静脉途径闭塞引流静脉成功率较高,本研究尝试经静脉入路注射液体栓塞剂Onyx结合微弹簧圈栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘,并探讨其疗效。方法经静脉入路栓塞治疗12例硬脑膜动静脉瘘患者(海绵窦区8例、横窦乙状窦区4例),通过脑血管造影检查及临床随访评价疗效。结果术后即刻全脑血管造影检查瘘口完全闭塞者11例、瘘口处血流速度明显减慢者1例。随访3个月至3年,临床症状完全消失者11例、明显缓解者1例。结论应用液体栓塞剂Onyx结合微弹簧圈经静脉入路栓塞治疗硬脑膜动静脉瘘安全有效。     

Direct transcranial coil and Onyx embolization of a dural arteriovenous fistula: Technical note and brief literature review

Intracranial high-grade dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) have higher bleeding rates compared to other intracranial vascular malformations. Endovascular treatment is usually recommended for high-grade lesions, aiming at a complete fistula obliteration. However, some patients have vascular abnormalities that limit endovascular access to the precise location of the shunt. Alternative techniques may be considered in this scenario. A middle-aged man presented with intracranial hypertension secondary to a high-grade DAVF. Because of vascular abnormalities precluding transvenous access to the intracranial venous circulation, the patient required treatment by a direct transcranial coil and Onyx embolization of the shunt. Direct transcranial cannulation of a dural sinus is an alternative and effective route for transvenous embolization of DAVFs, especially if abnormal venous anatomy precluding venous access to the required cranial venous system is identified.     

A comparison of dual-lumen balloon and simple microcatheters in the embolization of DAVFs and AVMs using onyx

Endovascular embolization of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) has become the mainstay in treatment for these pathologies. Traditional techniques required the formation of a proximal plug of Onyx around the microcatheter prior to embolization to avoid reflux. Recently, dual-lumen balloon catheters have been introduced as a potential solution to this issue. We sought to compare our institutional experience with dual-lumen balloons to traditional microcatheters in the endovascular embolization of AVMs and DAVFs. A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated with Scepter between 2016 and 2020 was obtained. A control cohort treated with Marathon between 2012 and 2020 was also obtained. Variables collected included patient demographics, procedure times, pedicles treated, operative complications, obliteration rate, and retreatment rate. A total of 44 trial (30 DAVFs and 14 AVMs) and 25 control (15 DAVFs and 10 AVMs) subjects were identified. Average Scepter procedure times were 66.0 and 68.0 min for DAVFs and AVMs, respectively. Average Scepter volume of Onyx injected was 2.2 and 1.4 mL for DAVFs and AVMs, respectively. Complete angiographic occlusion Scepter rate was 86.7% and 50.0% for DAVFs and AVMs, respectively. The Scepter retreatment rate was 13.3% and 50.0% for DAVFs and AVMs, respectively. Predictors of angiographic occlusion included the number of pedicles (OR 0.54, 95%CI 0.30–0.97, p = 0.04). Predictors of retreatment included DAVF (OR 0.16, 95%CI 0.04–0.66, p = 0.01) and Marathon (OR 3.34, 95%CI 1.00–11.56, p = 0.05). Our study shows that dual-lumen balloon catheters are a viable option in the embolization of DAVFs and AVMs.     

侧窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘的血管内介入治疗

目的本文报道我科对连续收治的10例侧窦区(横窦和乙状窦)硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)行超选择性动脉内栓塞的初步经验。方法所有病人先进行脑血管造影,确诊为侧窦区DAVF后立即对供血动脉行超选择性造影术并用NBCA胶或PVA颗粒进行栓塞。结果10位病人进行16次栓塞治疗(有6例行2次),共对23根供血动脉进行了栓塞。其中8例采用NBCA胶,另2例采用PVA颗粒进行栓塞。8例栓塞后获得解剖学和临床治愈,另2例虽获临床治愈,但造影中仍可见少量病灶残留。4例伴有搏动性耳鸣和杂音者在首次栓塞后其症状和体征消失,其中1例搏动性耳鸣在第一次部分栓塞后2个月复发,但在第二次栓塞后消失。无一例病人在栓塞后出现并发症。结论超选择性动脉内栓塞治疗对于某些类型的侧窦区DAVF是一个安全、有效和微侵袭的治疗方法。     

经岩下窦入路Onyx联合弹簧圈栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘

目的探讨经岩下窦入路Onyx联合可脱性弹簧圈栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘的安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2010年7月~2013年6月经岩下窦入路Onyx结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗的18例海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘患者的临床资料,评价疗效及手术并发症。结果栓塞后即刻血管造影显示瘘口完全闭塞15例,次全闭塞3例。4例术中出现心动过缓,3例术后出现眶部疼痛。随访3~12个月,所有患者术前症状消失,无复发。结论经岩下窦入路Onyx联合弹簧圈栓塞海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘疗效确切,安全可靠。     

血管内栓塞治疗海绵窦区硬脑膜动静脉瘘(附18例报告)

目的探讨海绵安区硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)的血管内栓塞治疗策略。方法对18例海绵窦区DAVF病人根据供血动脉和引流静脉的情况，分别采用经动脉或静脉入路进行血管内栓塞治疗。结果共行19次栓塞。完全闭塞11例，部分闭塞7例。随访3个月～5年，治愈病例无复发，好转病例无恶化、结论血管内栓塞是海绵窦区DAVF较为理想的治疗方法。     

Transarterial Onyx embolization of sagittal sinus dural arteriovenous fistulae

We report four patients (1 woman and 3 men) with sagittal sinus dural arteriovenous fistulae (DAVF) treated by Onyx embolizations via the middle meningeal artery. Anatomic cure and clinical cure were achieved in all the patients. The fistulae were located in the middle and posterior parts of the sagittal sinus. By Cognard classification the fistulae were: type I - one, type IIb - one, and type IV -two. All these four patients underwent a clinical and angiography follow-up, which confirmed complete cure. Based on this experience, we hypothesize that sagittal sinus DAVFs can be cured using a transarterial endovascular approach.     

前颅窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘的经动脉入路治疗

目的评价经动脉入路栓塞前颅窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)的临床疗效。方法分析6例有症状前颅窝底硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVFs)经动脉血管内治疗技术和结果。结果 6例经动脉入路插入导管用Onyx-18胶栓塞。本组病例在治疗过程中都能接近瘘口处并栓塞动静脉分流区域。最后血管造影显示DAVF完全闭塞。治疗后没有观察到相关后遗症,6例均进行临床随访,GOS评分均为5。6例获脑血管造影随访,均未见瘘口显影。结论经动脉入路栓塞前颅窝底DAVFs是可行的。