方炳福诊治类风湿关节炎经验

正方炳福,安徽中医学院1978年毕业,2010年安徽省卫生厅授予安徽省第三批名老中医。临证30余年,积累了丰富临床经验。临床以辨证准确,用药灵活,擅长用虫蛇药物治疗内科疑难杂症,发表学术论文10余篇,享誉皖西南地区。尤其对风湿痹证的治疗有独到见解。类风湿关节炎是一种以慢性关节病变为主的自身免疫性结缔组织病。病因不明确,西医尚无特异疗法,为     

蠲痹灸联合甲氨蝶呤治疗难治性类风湿关节炎临床观察

目的：观察蠲痹灸联合甲氨蝶呤治疗难治性类风湿性关节炎的疗效及副作用。方法：80例难治性类风湿性关节炎患者随机分两组。对照组给予甲氨蝶呤口服,观察组在对照组基础上联合蠲痹灸治疗,观察时间为3个月。结果：对照组的总有效率为60．0％,观察组为95．0％,两组的疗效差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,以观察组的疗效为优;观察组治疗后ESR、RF、CRP与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;两组肝肾功能均未见明显异常,未发生副作用。结论：蠲痹灸与甲氨蝶呤联合应用治疗难治性类风湿性关节炎效果明显,并且联合应用副作用未见增加。     

益肾蠲痹法治疗膝关节骨性关节炎临床及实验研究

膝关节骨性关节炎是一种关节面软骨的退行性改变的慢性膝关节病，临床呈缓慢进展，疼痛反复发作，行走困难，治疗比较棘手。近年来作者运用益肾蠲痹法治疗膝关节骨性关节炎32例，取得较好疗效，同时对益肾蠲痹方药进行了相关实验研究，现报告如下。     

王钢治疗类风湿关节炎经验

<正>类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis)是一种病因不明的以慢性多关节炎为特征的系统性自身免疫性疾病,临床特征为对称性大小关节滑膜炎症,可导致关节强直、畸形和功能丧失,严重威胁着广大人民的健康~[1]。流行病学显示:国外患病率为1%~2%,我国初步调查发现患病率为0.32%~0.34%~[2],该病严重威胁患者的健康与生活质量。类风湿关节炎属中医学痹证     

瘀血痹片治疗类风湿关节炎临床观察

选择早期类风湿性关节炎患者90例,根据随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各45例,两组均进行双氯芬酸钠及甲氨蝶呤片治疗,研究组在此基础上服用瘀血痹片,两组均治疗2个月,比较两组的临床效果及各项临床实验室指标。研究组临床有效率为80.0%显著高于对照组(53.3%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后的Ig G、RF、CRP、ESR等实验室指标显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。类风湿性关节炎进行瘀血痹片治疗,可显著改善患者的临床症状,临床效果确切,值得临床推广。     

口服雷公藤多甙片治疗类风湿关节炎55例

类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种以关节滑膜炎为特征的慢性全身性自身免疫性疾病。滑膜炎持久反复发作，可导致关节内软骨和骨的破坏，关节功能障碍，甚至残废。血管炎病变累及全身各个器官。     

中西医结合治疗寒湿痹阻型类风湿关节炎临床研究

目的:观察中西医结合疗法治疗寒湿痹阻型类风湿关节炎的临床疗效。方法:选取寒湿痹阻型类风湿关节炎患者78例,按照随机数字表法将其分为治疗组和对照组各39例。治疗组在西医基础上加服麝香乌龙丸(人工麝香、制川乌、地龙、全蝎、黑豆),对照组只采用常规的西医基础治疗,2个月后对比2组间的临床疗效。结果:治疗组有效率达94.87%,高与对照组的76.32%,差异具有统计学意义。结论:中西医结合疗法更能有效的提高寒湿痹阻型类风湿关节炎的患者的生活质量,值得在临床上推广应用。     

清热祛痹散治疗40例类风湿关节炎的临床观察

目的探讨清热祛痹散治疗类风湿关节炎的临床疗效。方法比较40例类风湿关节炎患者服用清热祛痹散前后临床及实验室指标。结果治疗后与治疗前相比患者的晨僵、休息痛、双手平均握力、压痛关节数、压痛指数、肿胀关节数、肿胀指数、C反应蛋白（CRP）均取得了明显改善。结论清热祛痹散是治疗类风湿关节炎的有效制剂。     

醋氯芬酸缓释片治疗类风湿关节炎的临床研究

醋氯芬酸为一种较新型的非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs），其作用机制为抑制环氧化酶的活性，具有较强的抗炎、解热和镇痛作用。与其他的短效NSAIDs一样，它在发挥治疗作用的同时，因每日多次的长期口服常导致不同程度的胃肠道及肾脏等损害，因此使用缓释制剂是探讨减少其不良反应的方法之一。     

国产来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎的随机双盲对照试验

目的与进口来氟米特(商品名:爱若华,美国欣凯公司产品)相比较,观察国产来氟米特(leflunomide,LFM)治疗活动期类风湿关节炎(类风关)的疗效和不良反应.方法采用随机、双盲双模拟、阳性药物平行对照研究方法,将56例活动期类风关患者随机分为两组,分别服用受试药和对应模拟片各2片,疗程24周,并比较其疗效.结果与治疗前比较,治疗12周时,除血沉外,两组在各个主要指标方面均较各自治疗前明显改善(P<0.05);治疗24周后,两组在血沉、C-反应蛋白等指标上与治疗前比较,差异无统计学意义,其它各主要指标均较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05).两组间各项主要指标改善值在治疗12周和24周时差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).按国内综合评价指标分析,治疗12周时,爱若华组改善率为37.0%,国产来氟米特组为64.0%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗24周时,爱若华组为81.5%,国产来氟米特组为77.3%,两组在改善率方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).此外,两组不良事件发生率的差异也无统计学意义.结论国产来氟米特与爱若华比较具有相似的疗效和安全性.     

Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing 2 Different Starting Doses of Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Purpose

Methotrexate (MTX) remains the gold standard disease-modifying antirheumatic drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Few studies have compared different starting doses of MTX in RA. We hypothesized that starting with a higher MTX dose may be more effective but associated with more adverse effects. We compared a starting dose of 7.5 versus 15 mg per week of MTX followed by similar fast escalation.

Methods

This was an open-label (blinded assessor), parallel-group, randomized controlled trial that included RA patients aged 18 to 65 years, not on MTX, and having active disease (Disease Activity Score for 28 joints using 3 variables [DAS28(3)] ≥5.1). Patients were randomized to receive MTX at a starting dose of 7.5 mg (group 1) or 15 mg (group 2) per week. The dose of MTX was escalated by 2.5 mg every 2 weeks to a maximum of 25 mg. Patients were seen every 4 weeks, and dose escalation was continued if DAS28(3) was >2.6 and there were no laboratory abnormalities (transaminitis [>2 × upper limit of normal] or cytopenia). The primary endpoint was change in disease activity at 12 weeks (assessed by using the DAS28[3]). Secondary endpoints were patient withdrawals and episodes ofcytopenia or transaminitis. Adverse effects were ascertained by using a questionnaire. Both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were performed.

Findings

We enrolled 100 patients (female:male ratio, 78:22) with a mean (SD) age of 43.6 (10.8) years and a disease duration of 4.7 (4.8) years. At baseline, patients had a mean DAS28(3) of 6.2 (0.7) and a Health Assessment Questionnaire score of 1.3 (0.6). Group 1 (7.5 mg) and group 2 (15 mg) included 47 and 53 patients, respectively, with no significant differences in baseline characteristics. At 12 weeks, the mean dose of MTX reached was 17.3 (4.6) mg in group 1 and 23.6 (3.0) mg in group 2 (P < 0.001). The 2 groups had a similar number of patient withdrawals. The mean change in DAS28(3) at 12 weeks in group 1 (–0.47 [0.86]) and group 2 (–0.55 [0.79]) was not significantly different (P = 0.60). The change in the Health Assessment Questionnaire score was also similar in the groups. The frequency of episodes of transaminitis (6 and 7; P = 0.8) and cytopenia (1 and 2; P = 0.9) did not differ significantly between groups 1 and 2, respectively. Results remained the same according to the per-protocol analysis. Among adverse effects, nausea was more common in group 2 compared with group 1 (relative risk, 1.6 [95% CI, 1.1–2.2]).

Implications

There were no significant differences in efficacy between the 2 starting doses of MTX. The fast escalation of dose in both groups may have blunted any advantage of starting at a higher dose. Nausea occurred more commonly in patients started on 15 mg of MTX. We suggest longer trials to confirm our findings. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01404429.     

矿泉浴与雷公藤多甙治疗类风湿性关节炎对比观察

采用矿泉浸浴与雷公藤多甙治疗类风湿性关节炎８６例，观察疼痛及压痛关节数、肿胀关节数、握力、１５米步行时间、晨僵时间、血沉及类风湿因子等。经统计学处理，两组患者治疗前后的变化差异均有显著性或非常显著性，但两组疗效差异无显著性。矿泉浸浴组症状开始改善的平均时间早于雷公藤多甙组，且副作用明显少而轻微。     

来氟米特治疗类风湿关节炎疗效评价

目的：通过Ⅱ型随机对照临床试验比较研究药物来氟米特（LEF）和阳性对照甲氨喋呤（MTX）治疗类风湿关节炎（RA）临床疗效和安全性,旨在科学地评价LEF在治疗RA中的作用。方法：本试验为单盲随机对照临床研究。50例活动性RA病人随机分入LEF组（24例）和MTX组（26例）,分别服用LEF20mg/d 安慰剂（C）和MTX15mg/每周 安慰剂（B）3个月。试验开始4周同时应用非甾体抗炎药Wu丙嗪。所有病人在治疗前和试验结束后测定临床指标包括休息痛、晨僵、据力、关节压痛数/指数、关节肿胀数/指数、ESR、CRP、病人/医师评价等。结果：治疗12周后,LEF组总有效率和显效率分别为100%和83.33%,MTX组分别为96.15%和73.08%(P＜0.05)。两组病人治疗12周主要临床指标均较治疗前明显改善,且除晨僵外两组间改善值和改善百分率比较明显差别。LEF组不良反应发生率为83%,MTX组为23.08%(P=0.012)。病人对LEF耐受性好,两组病人对药物的耐受性有明显的差异（P=0.043)。结论：LEF治疗RA病人12周,其疗效与MTX相似,未发现不良反应,病人耐受性好。     

Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Roxithromycin: A Randomized Trial

Abstract

Background: High levels of antibodies to oral anaerobic bacteria have been found in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Macrolide antibiotics are active against oral anaerobic bacteria. The aim of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of roxithromycin in patients with RA who had not responded to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs. Methods: This was a 6-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. We treated 100 patients with active RA with either once-daily oral roxithromycin 300 mg or daily oral placebo for 6 months. The primary efficacy variable was the percentage of patients who had a 20% improvement according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria (an ACR20 response) at 6 months. Secondary outcome measures were 50% improvement and 70% improvement according to ACR criteria (an ACR50 response and an ACR70 response, respectively). Results: A significantly greater percentage of patients treated with roxithromycin 300 mg met the ACR 20% improvement criteria (ie, achieved an ACR20 response) at 6 months compared with patients who received placebo (60% vs 34%; P = 0.009). Greater percentages of patients treated with roxithromycin 300 mg also achieved ACR50 responses (38% vs 12%; P = 0.003) and ACR70 responses (18% vs 2%; P = 0.008) compared with patients who received placebo. Roxithromycin was well tolerated, with an overall safety profile similar to that of placebo. Conclusion: In patients with active RA, treatment with roxithromycin significantly improved the signs and symptoms of RA.     

中西药治疗功能性消化不良随机对照试验的系统评价

目的系统评价中草药与西药治疗功能性消化不良的疗效、安全性差异。方法计算机检索MEDLINE、OVID、SpringerLink、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）及CNKI数据库,检索年限均从建库至2008年12月。手工检索纳入研究的参考文献及相关杂志、会议论文集、学位论文汇编等。按Cochrane系统评价方法筛选试验、评价质量、提取资料,并用RevMan 4．2．8软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7个随机对照试验,981例患者,其中治疗组647例,对照组334例。纳入试验的方法学质量均较高（Jadad计分≥3分）,3个A级,2个B级,2个C级。Meta分析结果显示：①达立通颗粒与西沙必利比较,两组临床总有效率[RR=1．03,95％CI（0．97,1．09）,P=0．36]、痞满证疗效[RR=1．06,95％CI（0．96,1．18）,P=0．23]、胃排空疗效[RR=1．05,95％CI（0．76,1．45）,P=0．78]、中医证候积分[WMD=0．41,95％CI（-1．05,1．87）,P=0．58]、舌脉象变化[RR=1．00,95％CI（0．69,1．45）,P=0．98]及不良反应发生情况[RR=1．00,95％CI（0．69,1．45）,P=0．46]差异均无统计学意义;②胃舒安颗粒与西沙必利比较,两组临床总有效率[RR=1．02,95％CI（0．96,1．07）,P=0．53]、痞满证疗效[RR=1．06,95％CI（0．97,1．15）,P=0．19]、胃排空疗效[RR=1．05,95％CI（0．86,1．28）,P=0．63]、中医证候积分[WMD=0．70,95％CI（0．11,1．29）,P=0．02]及不良反应发生情况[RR=0．33,95％CI（0．02,5．28）,P=0．44]差异亦无统计学意义;⑧健脾益气方剂[RR=1．16,95％CI（1．00,1．34）,P=0．05]、理气复胃口服液[RR=1．00,95％CI（O．91,1．11）,P=0．94]和健脾消胀冲剂[RR=0．88,95％CI（0．76,1．00）,P=0．06]与莫沙必利比较,其临床总有效率差异均无统计学意义;④和胃消痞胶囊与吗丁啉比较,其临床总有效率[RR=1．11,95％CI（0．87,1．41）,P=0．42]、痞满证疗效[RR=I．07,95％CI（0．93,1．24）,P=0．35]的差异也无统计学意义。结论现有证据表明,中草药治疗功能性消化不良的疗效、安全性与西药组相当,各疗效指标无明显差异。由于纳入研究方法学质量不均,及各研究间诊断标准、评价方法、失访描述等方面存在的差异,上述结论尚需更多设计严格的高质量RCT研究加以证实。     

关节镜下治疗膝关节类风湿性关节炎的临床研究

目的:探讨关节镜下清理治疗膝关节类风湿性关节炎的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析自1999~2004年关节镜下清理治疗膝关节类风湿性关节炎36例,共49个膝关节(早期22例,28个关节;中期14例,21个关节)行滑膜切除术,其中38个膝关节使用双极射频对残留的滑膜进行清除和止血。术后给予正规抗类风湿药物治疗。治疗后头半年每月随访1次,以后每半年随访1次。44个关节得到了6个月的随访,38个关节得到1年的随访,33个关节得到2年的随访,17个关节得到3年的随访。结果:32例患者获得随访,随访时间8~38个月,平均13·5个月。术后6个月的关节功能的优良率为90·9%(40/44),术后1年为81·5%(31/38),术后2年为72·7%(24/33),术后3年为64·7%(10/17)。术后3个月,所有患者的ESR和CRP较术前明显下降。治疗和随访过程中未发现手术并发症。结论:关节镜下清理治疗膝关节类风湿性关节炎疗效确切,具有恢复快、创伤小的优点。双极射频能够彻底清除滑膜,有利于减少关节血肿的发生,促进关节功能康复。     

外周血P-选择素检测对判断类风湿关节炎活动期的意义

目的:探讨外周血P 选择素表达对判断类风湿性关节炎(RA)活动期的意义。方法:用流式细胞术检测18 例活动期RA、10例缓解期RA患者与15例正常人外周血P 选择素的表达,同时免疫比浊法测定C反应蛋白(CRP)与魏氏法测定血沉(ESR)。结果:活动期RA组患者的外周血P 选择素表达(11.88%±2.47%)明显高于缓解期RA组(2.85%±1.60%),也明显高于正常对照组(2.78%±1.04%)(P<0.01);活动期RA组CRP(54.33±23.35 mg/L)与ESR(86.06±33.67 mm/1h)明显高于缓解期RA组(2.55±1.01mg/L与14.70±4.57mm/1 h),也明显高于正常对照组(3.21±2.18 mg/L与12.25±5.05mm/1h)(P均<0.01);活动期RA患者组P 选择素的表达量与ESR、CRP呈直线正相关,相关系数r分别为0.52(P<0.01)与0.70(P<0.01)。结论:P 选择素高度表达对判断RA活动可能有意义。     

普卢利沙星治疗急性尿路感染的随机双盲对照试验

目的评价普卢利沙星治疗急性尿路感染的有效性和安全性。方法根据本研究的纳入和排除标准,选取急性尿路感染患者144例,按计算机随机表产生的随机号将患者分为两组,进行随机双盲、双模拟对照试验。试验组服用普卢利沙星200mgbid;对照组服用左氧氟沙星200mgbid。疗程均为5～10天。结果两组各有67和61例可进入全分析集(FAS),各有63和59例可进行符合方案集(PP)分析。FAS分析结果显示,试验组和对照组的临床有效率分别为85.07%和88.52%;细菌阴转率试验组为93.75%,对照组为93.88%。PP分析结果显示,试验组和对照组的有效率分别为90.48%和91.53%;细菌阴转率分别为97.83%和97.87%。两组临床疗效和细菌学疗效阴转率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。普卢利沙星和左氧氟沙星的不良反应发生率分别为2.8%和5.6%。结论普卢利沙星对敏感菌引起的尿路感染疗效确切,安全性好。