重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染疗效分析

目的分析重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染的疗效。方法选择2017年1月至2018年12月梧州市中医医院儿科就诊且住院治疗的急性上呼吸道感染患儿200例,其中男性108例,女性92例;年龄0.5～7.0岁,平均年龄(2.90±1.08)岁;身高65.4～124.3 cm,平均身高(96.09±11.56) cm;体质量8.3～24.4 kg,平均体质量(15.35±3.76) kg;发病时间0.5～4.0 d,平均发病时间(1.08±0.37) d。随机分为观察组100例和对照组100例。观察组使用重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂,对照组采用利巴韦林喷剂。分析和比较2组患儿治疗效果、不良反应及临床指标。结果经过治疗,观察组患儿有效率为89.0%,明显高于对照组(77.0%)(P 0.05);观察组患儿体温复常时间[(1.76±0.75) d]、咳嗽消失时间[(1.83±0.85) d]、鼻塞流涕消失时间[(2.08±0.91) d]、咽部疼痛消失时间[(2.25±0.78) d]均明显短于对照组(P 0.01)。观察组患儿白细胞(WBC)[(11.18±1.90)×109/L]低于对照组[(12.85±2.43)×109/L](P 0.01);观察组患儿肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)[(15.84±4.69) U/L]显著低于对照组[(17.88±4.87) U/L](P 0.01)。观察组患儿不良反应发生率(2.0%)低于对照组(4.0%),但差异无统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂治疗患儿急性上呼吸道感染疗效显著,有效改善患儿临床症状和体征,提高机体免疫功能,保护心肌。     

重组人干扰素α1b联合炎琥宁对小儿手足口病的疗效分析

目的:分析注射用重组人干扰素α1b与炎琥宁联合治疗小儿手足口病的效果.方法:选取我院 2020年 1月至 2022年 12 月收治的手足口病患儿 60 例,随机分为对照组(n=30)和研究组(n=30).对照组静脉滴注利巴韦林注射液 15 mg·kg-1 治疗,在此基础上,研究组肌肉注射重组人干扰素α1b 1 μg·kg-1 和静脉滴注炎琥宁注射液 10 mg·kg-1 治疗.治疗5 d后,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6),散射比浊法测定 C反应蛋白(C-reaction protein,CRP)水平,并比较两组患者恢复情况、临床疗效及不良反应.结果:研究组退热、口腔溃疡消退、手足皮疹结痂及住院时间明显短于对照组(P＜0.05);治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).治疗后,研究组CRP、TNF-α及IL-6 水平明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).两组治疗期间不良反应无显著差异(P＞0.05).结论:重组人干扰素α1b与炎琥宁联合应用可缓解患儿症状,抑制机体炎症反应,加速康复.     

重组人干扰素α-2b治疗疱疹性咽峡炎的疗效观察

目的探讨重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂局部外用与重组人干扰素α-2b注射液雾化吸入两种方法在治疗疱疹性咽峡炎患儿中的不良反应及临床疗效,为疱疹性咽峡炎患儿提供更好的治疗方案。方法选择2015年8月至2016年8月在邯郸市第一医院就诊的120例疱疹性咽峡炎患儿,按照数字表随机法将患儿分为2组,观察组60例(男性32例,女性28例;平均年龄4.12岁;平均病程3.09 d),对照组60例(男性30例,女性30例;平均年龄3.83岁;平均病程3.51 d)。对照组在常规治疗基础上给予重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂局部外用(10 mL∶1×10~6 IU,120喷/瓶);观察组在常规治疗基础上给予重组人干扰素α-2b注射液雾化吸入(体质量10 kg患儿予以每次10~6 IU,10 kg患儿予以每次2×10~6 IU)。治疗3~5 d后比较两组患儿临床症状消失时间、治疗的总有效率及不良反应。结果观察组显效33例,有效率95.0%;对照组显效27例,有效率91.7%。观察组与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.408,P0.05)。观察组体温恢复正常的时间和疱疹消退时间较对照组明显缩短[(1.4±0.9)d vs(2.4±1.0)d,(2.3±1.3)d vs(3.4±1.8)d];两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组不良反应发生率为2.50%,3例中观察组2例,对照组1例。结论重组人干扰素α-2b注射液雾化吸入可在短时间内缓解临床症状,适宜应用于临床症状较重患儿;重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂局部外用简单、易操作,在症状较轻患儿依从性好,值得临床推广应用。     

胸腺肽联合黄芪注射液对病毒性心肌炎患儿的疗效观察

目的:探讨胸腺肽联合黄芪注射液对病毒性心肌炎患儿的疗效。方法:选择我院2006-01/2009-12病毒性心肌炎患儿80例作为研究对象,随机分为治疗组和对照组各40例,治疗组给予胸腺肽联合黄芪注射液联合治疗,对照组仅给予胸腺肽治疗,观察比较两组的临床疗效及心肌酶谱的变化。结果:治疗组40例中,总有效率97.5%;对照组40例中,总有效率75.0%。两组总有效率比较,差异有显著性(P0.05)。治疗前,两组的心肌酶谱CK-MB、LDH、cTnI组间比较,差异无统计学意义,治疗后,两组均较治疗前有明显改善,且治疗组的CK-MB、LDH、cTnI分别较对照组比较,差异有显著性(P0.05)。且治疗组患儿的临床症状消失率明显高于对照组,较对照组较明显改善(P0.05)。结论:胸腺肽联合黄芪注射液对病毒性心肌炎患儿疗效好,临床症状消失快,降低心肌酶,值得临床推广和应用。     

重组人干扰素α1b治疗小儿手足口病的临床疗效观察

目的 观察重组人干扰素α1b治疗小儿手足口病的临床疗效。方法 选择我院2018年6月~8月儿科门诊收治的手足口病患儿60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,各30例。对照组患儿给予一般抗病毒对症治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用重组人干扰素α1b注射液治疗。观察两组患儿治疗后热退时间、咽部充血程度改善时间、口腔溃疡愈合时间及皮疹消退时间,比较两组患儿的临床疗效。结果 治疗组总有效率为93.33%,高于对照组的70.00%,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗组的热退时间、咽峡部充血程度改善时间、口腔溃疡愈合时间及皮疹消退时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 重组人干扰素α1b注射液治疗小儿手足口病疗效确切,可有效加快患者临床症状改善,缩短患儿病程。     

重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂治疗婴幼儿病毒性肺炎临床观察87例分析

目的观察与分析重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂治疗87例婴幼儿病毒性肺炎的临床效果。方法选择2019年6月至2020年6月桂林市中医医院收治的病毒性肺炎婴幼患儿87例,其中男性48例,女性39例;年龄32天～3岁,平均年龄1.25岁;病程2～14 d,平均病程6.3 d;以数字表排序的方式,将其分为对照组和观察组。对照组43例,采取常规对症治疗;观察组44例,在对照组治疗基础上加用重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂治疗。对两组患儿的疗效进行评估,比较其临床症状改善时间和住院时间。结果观察组总有效率95.45%,明显高于对照组(81.40%),差异有显著统计学意义(P 0.01)。观察组呼吸急促消失时间、退热时间、住院时间短于对照组[(1.2±0.4) d vs (1.8±0.7) d,(2.5±1.2) d vs (3.4±1.3) d,(2.2±0.8) d vs (3.5±0.9) d],差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论在婴幼儿肺炎治疗中,加用重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂,其能够更好地改善患儿的临床症状,保证疗效,值得推广。     

重组人干扰素α-2b 喷雾剂对疱疹性咽峡炎患儿的治疗效果观察

目的:探究疱疹性咽峡炎患儿应用重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂对外周血T细胞亚群及心肌酶的影响.方法:选取我科2019年3月至2021年3月期间收治的105例疱疹性咽峡炎患儿作为研究对象,采用随机数字表达法分为对照组(n=52)和观察组(n=53).对照组采用利巴韦林喷雾剂,观察组采用重组人干扰素α-2b喷雾剂,疗程均为7d,于治疗后对比两组症状改善效果、外周血T细胞亚群指标表达情况、心肌酶指标、以及治疗过程中不良反应发生情况.结果:治疗后对照组退热时间,口咽疱疹消失时间及恢复进食时间比观察组长;对照组CD4+和CD4+/CD8+比值低于观察组,而CD8+高于观察组;对照组乳酸脱氢酶(Lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)、肌酸激酶(Creatine Kinase,CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(Creatine Kinase-MB,CK-MB)均较观察组高(P<0.05);两组患者不良反应发生率无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:疱疹性咽峡炎患儿用重组人干扰素α-2b治疗可以明显缩短病程,改善免疫功能及有效改善患儿心肌酶指标,且安全性较好.     

干扰素治疗轮状病毒肠炎的疗效观察

目的 观察干扰素治疗轮状病毒肠炎的疗效.方法将我院196例轮状病毒肠炎,随机分为治疗组及对照组,对照组给予利巴韦林、思密达及肠道益生菌,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用重组人α- 1b干扰素注射液.结果 经过治疗组痊愈时间平均为3.6d,显著少于对照组的平均6.8d,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 干扰素治疗轮状病毒肠炎安全可靠、可明显缩短患儿发热、腹泻时间、减少并发症的发生,疗效显著、且副作用少,值得临床推广应用.     

重组人干扰素α-2b注射液辅助治疗婴幼儿反复喘息急性发作期的临床研究

目的观察重组人干扰素α-2b注射液辅助治疗婴幼儿反复喘息急性发作期临床安全性。方法选择76例反复喘息急性发作期患儿,其中男性34例,女性42例;年龄1个月~6岁,平均年龄5.31岁。随机分为治疗组40例、对照组36例。两组患儿均给予抗感染、扩张气道平喘、激素吸入抗炎等常规治疗。治疗组在常规治疗基础上给予0.9%氯化钠溶液(生理盐水)2 m L加重组人干扰素α-2b注射液100万单位混合后(以压缩空气为动力)雾化吸入,每次15~20 min,2次/天。两组疗程均为7~10 d。随访6个月,观察两组患儿症状体征缓解情况、激素应用时间、住院天数及临床疗效,并比较两组患儿喘息反复发作风险性。结果治疗组患儿咳嗽、气促、喘息等症状缓解时间、肺部哮鸣音消失时间、激素应用时间及住院天数均较对照组缩短,且差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。同时,治疗组总有效率为87.50%,明显高于对照组(66.67%),两组差异有统计学意义(u=3.340 2,P=0.000 8)。随访半年,对照组患儿喘息反复发作次数为(2.67±1.03)次,而治疗组为(1.58±0.87)次,治疗组患儿的喘息反复发作风险明显低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(t=4.999 4,P=0.000 0)。结论重组人干扰素α-2b治疗婴幼儿反复喘息急性发作疗效确切,安全性高,值得临床推广。     

血浆置换联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性重型乙型病毒性肝炎的疗效观察

目的 探讨血浆置换联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性重型乙型病毒性肝炎的临床疗效.方法 将106例慢性重型乙型病毒性肝炎患者随机分为两组,各组53例.对照组给予恩替卡韦治疗;观察组给予血浆置换联合恩替卡韦治疗.结果 治疗12周后,观察组总有效率为75.47％,对照组者总有效率为41.51％,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).治疗12周后,观察组患者TBIL(184.25±72.49)μmol/L、ALT(53.45±38.79) U/L、AST(45.69±34.14) U/L、Glo (20.51±3.96) g/L、PTA(21.34±4.70)％都低于对照组患者患者TBIL(268.41±87.62)μmol/L、ALT(136.28 ±52.86) U/L、AST(71.25±60.73) U/L、Glo(27.37±4.65) g/L、PTA(28.53±5.19)％,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗后4、8、12周时,观察组患者HBV-DNA转阴率都高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).结论 血浆置换联合恩替卡韦治疗慢性重型乙型病毒性肝炎患者疗效显著,可有效改善患者临床症状及体征,促进肝功能恢复.     

针刀松解联合丹参注射液关节腔注射治疗骨性关节炎模型兔

文题释义： 针刀疗法：用一个完整的语言来概括应该是一种介于手术方法和非手术疗法之间的闭合性松解术。针刀疗法是将东方中医学的基本理论和西方医学的手术解剖基本理论融为一体，针刀疗法其操作的特点是在治疗部位刺入深部到病变处进行轻松的切割、剥离等不同的刺激，以达到止痛祛病的目的。 丹参注射液：其化学成分主要是水溶性酚酸类化合物，通过多种靶标起到促进血液循环和祛瘀的作用。动物研究表明，丹参注射液可通过抑制IκBα磷酸化来抑制NF-κB信号通路的激活。保护软骨下骨及软骨细胞，有效防治骨关节炎。 背景：丹参注射液与针刀松解术都是临床中治疗骨关节炎很常用的技术，目前缺乏对2种治疗方法联合使用的研究。 目的：对比单独使用针刀松解术、单独使用丹参注射液与两种方法联合使用治疗兔模型骨关节炎的效果。 方法：实验方案经黑龙江中医药大学动物实验伦理委员会批准。50只新西兰白兔分为5组：空白对照组；模型组；丹参注射液组；针刀组；针刀联合丹参注射液组。除空白对照组外，其他4组兔均制备膝关节骨关节炎模型。造模成功后，对针刀组兔内外侧支持带、内外侧膝眼，膝关节上方髌上囊、股四头肌各肌肌腹，膝关节内侧股薄肌肌腹及止点、收肌肌群肌腹及止点和胫骨平台附近部位进行针刀松解；空白对照组及模型组兔关节腔注射生理盐水0.3 mL；丹参注射液组兔关节腔每次注射0.3 mL丹参注射液；针刀联合丹参注射液组：每周进行1次针刀治疗同针刀组，每次针刀干预之后，关节腔注0.3 mL丹参注射液。上述干预每周1次，持续5周。对各组兔膝关节软骨进行大体观察及病理切片组织学观察，ELISA 检测关节液白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子α水平。 结果与结论：①大体观察：模型组膝关节磨损较为严重，针刀组、丹参注射液组、针刀联合丹参注射液组膝关节轻度磨损；②病理切片评分：丹参注射液组评分略高于针刀组和针刀联合丹参注射液组差异无显著性意义；③ELISA 检测结果：针刀联合丹参注射液组白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子α水平显著低于或针刀组或丹参注射液组(P < 0.05)；④结果说明，在兔膝关节骨关节炎模型中降低白细胞介素1、肿瘤坏死因子α水平方面，针刀松解术结合丹参注射液关节腔注射治优于单独使用针刀或单独使用丹参注射液关节腔注射。ORCID: 0000-0003-4119-633X(刘广宇) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程     

Multiple pregnancies obtained by testicular spermatid injection in combination with intracytoplasmic sperm injection

Recent studies have shown that the injection of spermatid cells into the human oocyte can result in normal fertilization, embryo development and even delivery of live, healthy offspring. In our study, 23 azoospermic cases with severe spermatogenetic defects in their testicular biopsy are presented. The serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations and histopathological results of these males have been documented and compared in terms of fertilization and embryo development. The mean FSH value of the azoospermic males was 15.8 +/- 2.3 mIU/l, ranging from 1.6 to 39 mIU/l. Elongated spermatids were used in three cases only, as these more mature forms were mostly present in the testicular sample. In the remaining 20 cases, only round spermatids were found for use in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). The fertilization rate with two pronuclei was 31.3%. The fertilization rate was found to be as high as 71% in three patients in the elongating and elongated spermatids group and as low as 25.6% in the round spermatid group. A few immature, non-motile spermatozoa were seen in only two cases from the elongated spermatid group. However, in the remaining cases, no spermatozoa were observed. The number of pronuclear (PN) arrest was quite high when only round spermatids were used (36.1%). Total fertilization failure was observed in two cases from the round spermatid group with Sertoli cell only and germ cell aplasia. A total of three pregnancies was achieved in 23 cases (13.0%), two from the elongated spermatid group and one from the round spermatid group. One biochemical pregnancy with a round spermatid resulted in an early spontaneous abortion and surprisingly, the remaining pregnancies were achieved with elongated spermatids resulting in multiple pregnancies. One twin and one triplet pregnancy were established following four embryo transfers in each patient. The twin pregnancy resulted in a live birth with two healthy babies; unfortunately, the triplet pregnancy ended in an abortion at 11 weeks. The use of testicular spermatids in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia may give hope by offering a novel treatment model. In cases with very severe spermatogenetic defect, even multiple pregnancies can be achieved with elongated spermatid cells by yielding a high implantation rate. However, the efficiency of round spermatids in achieving fertilization and pregnancy was disappointing.      

Effect of contrast agent viscosity and injection flow velocity on bolus injection pressures for peripheral venous injection in first-pass myocardial perfusion studies.

Myocardial perfusion imaging using Gd contrast agents is typically performed with bolus injections of the contrast agent using a power injector to provide for consistent and sufficiently rapid injection rates for all patients. For protocols in which a peripheral venous injection is called for (e.g. antecubital vein) injection catheters of 18 ga are used where vessel geometry permits. In some patients, particularly women with smaller veins, 20 and 22 ga catheters are used. The effect of catheter size and pressure tubing length can result in high injection pressures that occasionally cause leakage or connector failure. The viscosity of the contrast agent also impacts injection pressure. In this study, a simulation of the injection pathway was constructed with time resolved pressures measured at two points in the pathway. Pressure drops were calculated for a typical MR perfusion injection protocol.     

椎体成形治疗中聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯骨水泥的应用

背景：经皮椎体成形治疗脊柱血管瘤可栓塞瘤体,增加椎体强度,并具有止痛作用。   目的：分析经皮椎体成形治疗症状性颈、胸、腰椎体血管瘤的临床效果。 方法：选择25例症状性单椎体血管瘤患者,其中颈椎3例,胸椎12例,腰椎10例。均在C型臂X射线机引导下行经皮聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂椎体成形治疗。治疗后摄X射线片观察椎体高度变化及骨水泥分布和渗漏情况,以目测类比评分及Oswesty功能障碍评分评定疼痛缓解及功能恢复情况。 结果与结论：所有手术均顺利完成,未发生脊髓及神经损伤。术中共3节椎体发生骨水泥渗漏,但未出现不适症状。25例患者均获随访10-26个月,疼痛症状均有不同程度改善,治疗后手术椎体高度无明显丢失,椎体无塌陷,血管瘤无复发。表明经皮椎体成形作为治疗症状性椎体血管瘤的理想方法,具有微创、低风险、易恢复、疼痛缓解迅速等优点,但对于椎体皮质有破坏者,需注意骨水泥渗漏的发生。     

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in the mouse

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) into mouse oocytes involvesa very low survival rate. This study was designed to determinewhy ICSI frequently fails in mice. Metaphase II oocytes wereobtained from superovulated 4–6 week old F₁ hybrid mice.Spermatozoa were retrieved from the epididymis of 12–14week old F₁ hybrid mice. The spiked microinjection pipette usedto inject a spermatozoon into the ooplasm had outer and innerdiameters of 10 and 8 µm respectively. The oocytes usedin the first part of the study were not activated (group 1).Some oocytes were incubated with calcium ionophore for 5 min(group 2). The injected oocytes were evaluated 6, 20, 48 and72 h after injection. A total of 143 eggs in each group underwentICSI. In group 1, sperm heads escaped into the perivitellinespace. In all, 63 (47%) of the remaining oocytes were damagedduring the injection or had degenerated by the first evaluation.The survival rate was 53%, but fertilization did not occur.In group 2, 31 oocytes (22%) were damaged during microinjectionor soon degenerated. Two oocytes underwent accidental subzonalinsemination. Six oocytes were fertilized (4.2%) among the 78%of survivors. After injection, the sperm tail was found in thecytoplasm (27 and 31% in groups 1 and 2 respectively), the perivitellinespace (45% in both groups) or protruding through the zona pellucida(28 and 23% respectively). More oocytes degenerated when thetail remained in the cytoplasm, i.e. 78% in group 1 and 36%in group 2.     

单精子卵细胞质内注射安全性研究进展

单精子卵细胞质内注射(in tracytoplasmic sperm injection,ICSI)技术从1992年诞生以来,已成为现代辅助生殖技术(assisted reproductive technology,ART)的一项重要组成部分,用于治疗少、弱、畸精子症等男性不育,以及常规体外受精周期失败等情况,为无数不孕不育夫妇带来了福音.然而随着生殖医学及其他相关学科的发展,人们对该技术对胚胎发育及出生后代的安全性等产生了新的看法.本文就目前对于ICSI技术本身及其可能导致早期受精异常、胚胎发育异常及出生后代遗传风险等的研究近况作以下概述.