改良经皮微创修复术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效研究

目的比较改良经皮微创修复手术与传统切开修复手术在治疗急性闭合性跟腱损伤时的临床治疗效果。方法回顾性分析空军军医大学第二附属医院骨三科2016年1月—2016年12月收治的25例急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者作为传统组,均采用传统手术方式切开修复;2017年2月—2018年1月采用经皮微创修复手术治疗的23例急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者作为微创组,比较两组病例术中情况、随访结果及并发症发生率、恢复工作时间等指标,分析两种手术方式的临床治疗效果。结果传统组有1例患者失访,其余患者得到术后3个月及12个月各门诊随访1次。微创组手术时间、平均住院日明显短于传统组[(33.7±9.2)minvs.(64.3±16.4)min,(3.0±2.2)dvs.(12.0±2.4)d,P<0.05],手术切口长度明显小于传统组[(2.4±0.8)cmvs.(11.5±2.4)cm,P<0.05]。术后3个月随访,两组踝关节跖屈肌力无明显差异,微创组踝关节活动度、AOFAS评分优于传统组[(42.0±5.2)°vs.(36.2±78)°、(69.6±5.8)分vs.(61.0±7.4)分,P<0.05],术后12个月随访,两组踝关节跖屈肌力、踝关节活动度、AOFAS评分无明显差异(P>0.05)。两组未发生深静脉血栓、跟腱再断裂并发症。术后传统组跟腱感染3例,其中浅层感染2例,深层感染1例,脂肪液化2例,均经有效治疗,获得良好愈合;传统组、微创组各有1例腓肠外侧皮神经损伤,于术后3个月随访时完全恢复。两组患者于术后平均9.3周重返正常工作。结论经皮微创修复急性跟腱断裂可以明显缩短手术时间、住院时间及手术切口长度,显著降低了术后感染率,未增加腓肠神经损伤率,并能达到同切开修复相似的临床治疗效果,患者的治疗接受程度更高。     

关节镜辅助下经皮Kessler缝合法修复新鲜闭合跟腱断裂

目的介绍并评价关节镜辅助下经皮Kessler缝合法修复新鲜闭合跟腱断裂的临床效果。方法本组26例均为闭合性新鲜跟腱断裂，关节镜证实均为跟腱完全断裂，首先在关节镜下清理跟腱断端间的瘢痕组织和凝血块，使跟腱断端对合整齐，然后在关节镜监视下采用由内向外的穿针技术，经皮Kessler缝合修复断裂的跟腱。所有患者均得到了随访，平均随访18个月（6-36个月）。随访包括常规的临床评价和MRI检查，并按Amer Lindholm评分标准进行术后疗效评定。结果按Amer Lindholm评分标准，本组优18例，良8例，优良率100％。全部患者无神经损伤，术后无感染，随访期内无跟腱再次断裂发生。MRI显示全部患者跟腱均得到了良好的修复且塑形好。结论关节镜辅助下经皮Kessler缝合法修复新鲜闭合跟腱断裂是一种较为理想的方法，具有术后疗效优良、功能恢复迅速、无明显术后并发症等优点。     

微创跟腱吻合器（Achillon）治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂

目的探讨应用Achillon微创跟腱吻合器治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法采用微创跟腱吻合器（Achillon）治疗17例急性闭合性跟腱断裂并获得随访,随访时间平均11个月,观察术后功能恢复及并发症情况,并按Arner-Lindholm评分标准进行术后疗效评定。结果按Arner-Lindholm评分标准,本组优15例（占89%）,良2例（占11%）,所有病例术后均未出现切口感染及再次断裂等并发症。结论对急性闭合性跟腱断裂采用2cm的微创切口应用Achillon微创跟腱吻合器治疗,具有创伤小,局部血液循环影响小,术后并发症少等优点,同时辅以术后短期、规范的石膏外固定及循序渐进的康复训练可以取得优良的治疗效果。     

Magnetic resonance imaging after operative repair of achilles tendon rupture

We performed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study in 16 consecutive patients who had undergone open repair of a unilateral Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) at an average of 32.5 (SD 3.2) (range 29-36) months from the operation. We measured the widest antero-posterior diameter of the tendon, the longest distance between the insertion of the Achilles tendon on the calcaneum and the musculo-tendinous junction of the soleus muscle on the Achilles tendon, the distance between the insertion of the Achilles tendon on the calcaneum and the point of maximal width of the tendon. We also ascertained whether areas of altered signal were present in and around the tendon. The operated tendons were always significantly thicker than the non-operated ones. There was a non-significant trend for the other measurements to be greater in the operated tendons. In five patients, areas of dishomogeneous signal were present in the operated tendon. These areas were less than 25% of the antero-posterior diameter of the tendon, and were clinically silent. These findings probably represent normal features of long-term tendon healing following open repair of an ATR.     

改良Bosworth法联合Pulvertaft缝合治疗新鲜闭合性撕裂型跟腱断裂

目的探讨改良Bosworth法联合Pulvertaft缝合治疗新鲜闭合性撕裂型跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2011年9月～2015年3月武汉大学人民医院骨科收治的新鲜闭合性撕裂型跟腱断裂15例,其中男性12例12足,其中左足7例,右足5例;女性3例3足,其中左足1例,右足2例。年龄27～50岁,平均36岁。结果所有患者均得到随访,随访时间6～12个月,平均8.6个月。有2例患者术后出现伤口红肿,给予抗感染、换药处理后乙级愈合,其余伤口均甲级愈合。所有患者均无术后足外侧区感觉麻木。按照Arner Lindholm标准评定,优13例,良2例,优良率100%。结论改良Bosworth法联合Pulvertaft缝合治疗新鲜闭合性撕裂型跟腱断裂,术后功能恢复良好,临床疗效满意。     

高频超声快速诊断急性闭合跟腱断裂临床价值

目的探讨高频超声在快速诊断急性闭合跟腱断裂中的应用价值。方法对急诊收治急性闭合跟腱断裂的100例患者进行高频超声检查,观察损伤跟腱的形态、内部结构及回声改变,判断跟腱损伤程度并将超声诊断结果与急诊手术结果相比较。结果急诊手术结果显示,跟腱完全性断裂85例,高频超声快速诊断均检出,诊断符合率为100%。不完全断裂14例,高频超声漏诊3例,诊断符合率80%。漏诊3例均为微小部分断裂,后被MRI确诊。误诊1例,疑似为跟腱微小囊肿,误诊率1%。结论高频超声可快速诊断急性闭合跟腱断裂,是一种便捷、经济、可靠、无创的诊断方法,为断裂跟腱快速急诊手术提供临床依据。     

跟腱断裂的MRI表现

目的 分析跟腱断裂的MRI表现.方法 回顾性分析7例跟腱断裂的MRI表现.7例均行常规MR轴面T_1WI、T_2WI,矢状面T_1WI、T_2WI和频率敏感脂肪抑制(SPIR)序列扫描.结果 完全性跟腱断裂6例,部分性跟腱断裂1例,跟腱断裂部位发生于跟腱附着于跟骨部位上方2.6～11.0 cm,平均5.4 cm.跟腱断裂的MRI表现为跟腱肿大增粗(7例)、变形,呈波浪状(2例).跟腱纤维部分或完全不连续和腱内信号强度增强(7例),完全性跟腱断裂的裂隙宽度为3.0～8.0 mm,断端水肿、充满血液,于MR T_2WI和SPIR呈高信号.7例跟腱断裂在T_1WI均呈中等信号;在T_2WI 1例呈中等信号,3例呈中-高信号,3例呈高信号;在SPIR 2例呈中-高信号,5例呈高信号.跟腱前脂肪垫模糊,见于6例完全性跟腱断裂.结论 MRI能较好显示跟腱断裂和明确诊断.     

小切口内双津下缝合法修复急性跟腱断裂疗效分析

目的 分析小切口内应用0-0可吸收普迪思圈套线(PDS-Ⅱ线)双津下缝合法修复急性跟腱断裂的临床疗效. 方法 本组34例患者均为急性闭合性跟腱断裂,其中男25例,女9例;年龄20 ～45岁,平均32岁.致伤原因:运动损伤27例,摔伤6例,重物击伤1例.受伤至手术时间1 ～6d,平均3d.所有患者均行微创小切口,应用PDS-Ⅱ线双津下缝合法修复.术后于踝跖屈30°位短腿石膏固定,6周后拆除石膏开始功能锻炼,8 ～10周后可完全负重,3～4个月后逐渐恢复运动. 结果 术后发生切口愈合不良1例,反射性交感神经营养不良1例,其余患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无皮肤粘连.术后无感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成、腓肠神经损伤等并发症发生.所有患者均获随访,随访时间12～24个月,平均15个月.随访期间均未发生跟腱再次断裂等并发症.根据Termann跟腱损伤的临床评价标准,本组评分平均为92分(76～ 96分).其中优28例,良5例,可1例,优良率为97％. 结论 采用小切口内双津下缝合法修复急性跟腱断裂,并发症发生率低,临床疗效满意,是一种理想的跟腱手术方法.     

Demonstration of achilles tendon rupture by three phase bone scintigraphy and MRI

A man with complaint of soreness in the right medial ankle underwent three-phase bone scintigraphy; the results of the study suggested chronic active osteomyelitis or cellulitis, he was on antibiotics and was not experiencing any improvement. MR imaging confirmed Achilles tendon rupture. This case illustrates that a positive three-phase study is non-specific disease entity.     

双改良Kessler错位缝合法修复Ⅱ区指屈肌腱断裂

应用双改良Kessler错位缝合方法修复Ⅱ区指屈肌腱断裂98例(125指),伤口均愈合.有88例115指获随访12～21个月,出现肌腱再断裂5指,术后肌腱黏连17指,均经Ⅱ期手术治愈.优良率达93.04%.     

Single incision, transosseous suture repair technique for acute distal biceps tendon rupture

We describe a technique for repair of the distal biceps tendon using a single anterior incision, limited volardissection, and transosseous sutures through the radial tuberosity. This technique is simple, safe, and strong, allowing for prompt rehabilitation and recovery. Unlike the two-incision technique, there is no risk for heterotopic ossification or proximal radioulnar synostosis. Careful and limited dissection results in a low risk for iatrogenic neurovascular injury. Transosseous sutures have been shown to be stronger than suture anchors, allowing for more aggressive early motion and an early return to full motion. In addition, there is no additional cost for using transosseous sutures, as opposed to suture anchors or Endobutton (Arthrex Inc., Naples, FL), which may be quite expensive     

126例急性跟腱断裂的流行病学分析

目的调查并分析本地区跟腱损伤病例的流行病学特点,并就如何预防、提高治疗水平提出相应建议。方法对126例跟腱断裂住院患者进行调查,其中男性98例,女性28例;年龄2~69岁,平均(31.4±12.0)岁。根据致伤原因、合并伤及处理、入院日期、入院时段、并发症及预后情况等资料,建立数据库并分析该群体的流行病学特征。结果所有病例中,厕所瓷砖致伤占50.79%(64/126),工作意外损伤占33.33%(42/126);车轮绞伤占11.11%(14/126)。入院日期以每年7、9月居多,而厕所瓷砖致伤者则大多数发生在4、6月份。入院时段多集中在15∶00~次日1∶00,占71.43%(90/126);9∶00~11∶00,占9.52%(12/126)。本组成功随访112例,平均随访42个月(3~75个月)。根据Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准评估,优98例,良13例;优良率为99.11%。随访期内,跟腱再断裂率为5.36%(6/112);术后总感染率为6.25%(7/112),厕所瓷砖致伤感染率为10.71%(6/56)。结论厕所瓷砖致伤是跟腱断裂入院的主要致病因素,大多发生在潮湿、闷热月份沐浴时,而感染病例也多发生在此类患者。改善南方地区洗澡、厕所共室的传统布置格局,是减少此类损伤的根本、有效方法。     

MRI of destructive achilles tendon rupture associated with skin ulceration

We present a case series of the MR findings of destructive tears of the Achilles tendon secondary to overlying soft tissue ulcerations.     

Repair of distal biceps tendon rupture with suture anchors

We retrospectively evaluated six cases of distal biceps tendon rupture that were treated by a two-incision operative repair using suture anchor attachment to the radial tuberosity for clinical outcome and strength testing. All patients had repair performed by the same surgeon. The average age of the patients, all male, was 43 years (range, 32–57 years). Average time from injury to operative repair was 22 days (range, 9–54 days). Follow-up time averaged 24 months after definitive treatment (range, 11–46 months). At follow-up no patient had limitation of activity and all patients were able to return to their previous employment, although three noted some minor antecubital fossa discomfort. No patient developed a synostosis. Cybex (Medway, Mass.) isokinetic testing revealed elbow flexion strength return for peak torque, total work, and average power, of 107%, 103%, and 110% of the uninjured arm, respectively. Elbow flexion endurance was 2% less in the injured arm. Forearm supination strength measured by peak torque, total work, and average power, was 97%, 85%, and 88% of the uninjured arm, respectively. Forearm supination endurance was 10% less in the injured arm. Our results using suture anchor repair are similar to those previously reported in the literature from bone tunnel repair. Based on our data, we believe that a two-incision repair with suture anchor attachment is a safe and effective method for treatment of distal biceps tendon ruptures. Received: 15 April 1998 Accepted: 13 October 1998     

Arthroscopically assisted percutaneous fixation of displaced midclavicular fracture using a Knowles pin

Clavicle fractures are common traumatic injuries of the shoulder girdle, with surgery being the recommended treatment for some displaced midshaft fractures. Open surgery is widely used; however, the primary concerns of this procedure include cosmetic problems and incisional complications, such as wound dehiscence, infection, numbness, and sensitivity. A new arthroscopically assisted technique was developed, in which the Knowles pin was used for percutaneous fixation to treat the displaced midclavicular fracture. This technique is an attractive alternative treatment option for midclavicular fractures. Level of evidence V.