自粘性弹力绷带在儿科静脉输液中的应用

目的探讨自粘性弹力绷带在儿科静脉输液中的应用效果。方法将100例住院需静脉输液的患儿随机均分为观察组和对照组，对照组穿刺后用常规方法固定，观察组穿刺成功后用常规方法固定后再用自粘性弹力绷带固定。结果观察组仅1例因自行拔针需重新注射；对照组有9例胶布滑脱、3例自行拔针需重新穿刺。两组比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）。结论穿刺成功后加用自粘性弹力绷带固定可降低重新静脉穿刺的次数，减轻患儿的痛苦。     

自粘性弹力绷带包扎法在微创腋臭根治术中的应用

腋臭又称臭汗症,是腋窝部分泌的汗液有特殊难闻的臭味,俗称狐臭。它是由一些细菌分解顶泌汗腺分泌的汗液中有机物质(蛋白质和脂质),产生有明显气味的短链饱和脂肪酸和氨所致。患者因其异味而影响正常的工作交往,造成心理压力。临床治疗腋臭的方法很多,自2003年,我科采用微     

弹力绷带固定静脉留置针在化疗病人中的应用

目的:探讨化疗病人血管的保护,在规定时间内静脉留置针有效稳妥固定的方法,最大限度减少静脉炎的发生率.方法:将106例患者随机分成两组,实验组56例,对照组50例.对照组为使用传统的方法,单纯用透明贴和胶带;实验组为在使用传统的方法基础上,外包扎弹力绷带固定.两组病人均选取四肢血管,对比有效固定的时间和静脉炎的发生率.结果:实验组在留置针规定时间意外脱管和静脉炎的发生率均明显减少,减少了由此造成的反复穿刺而增加的血管破坏.结论:四肢血管合理选择、轮换和正确记录;使用静脉留置针,外加弹力绷带固定,尤其适用化疗的病人.     

自粘弹力绷带在包皮环切术后的应用体会

目的评价自粘弹力绷带在包皮环切术后的临床应用价值。方法将120例患者随机分组,治疗组60例在包皮环切术后用凡士林纱条及无菌纱布覆盖,自粘弹力绷带固定;对照组60例在包皮环切术后用凡士林纱条及无菌纱布覆盖,胶布固定。两组术后均口服抗生素预防感染,成年患者口服乙烯雌酚预防阴茎勃起。结果治疗组术后出现伤口出血及血肿例数、包皮及系带水肿例数和伤口换药次数均低于对照组,有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;两组感染发生例数无统计学意义。结论自粘弹力绷带应用于包皮环切术后伤口固定具有操作简便、安全实用及可有效预防术后出现并发症的特点。     

无菌弹力绷带在膝关节镜手术中的应用

膝关节手术通常需在下肢缠无菌绷带以保护术野，手术中由于患者双下肢持续下垂，用气动止血带因手术时间较长，患肢易发生红肿。鉴此，我科于2005年6～12月对50例膝关节镜手术患者采用无菌弹力绷带替代，增加患者舒适度，护理报告如下。[第一段]     

医用网状弹力绷带在小儿留置针固定中的应用

小儿留置针不仅减轻了小儿针刺的痛苦,而且还方便于治疗用药.在临床使用中常会遇到留置针不慎脱落致患儿出血、疼痛,引起患儿恐惧、家长紧张;使用的无菌敷料能起到防水封闭的效果,但会引起患儿皮肤瘙痒等不适,易使患儿哭闹致脱落.鉴此,我院采用医用网状弹力绷带固定留置针,效果良好,介绍如下.     

医用网状弹力绷带在小儿留置针固定中的应用

小儿留置针不仅减轻了小儿针刺的痛苦．而且还方便于治疗用药。在临床使用中常会遇到留置针不慎脱落致患儿出血、疼痛，引起患儿恐惧、家长紧张；使用的无菌敷料能起到防水封闭的效果，但会引起患儿皮肤瘙痒等不适．易使患儿哭闹致脱落。鉴此，我院采用医用网状弹力绷带固定留置针。效果良好，介绍如下。     

热敷在冠状动脉介入术后解除弹力绷带中的应用

目的:探讨热敷在冠状动脉介入术后解除弹力绷带中的作用.方法:选择100例行冠状动脉诊断及治疗的患者随机分为观察组50例和对照组50例.观察组采用热敷后解除弹力绷带,对照组按常规方法徒手解除弹力绷带,比较两组病人粘贴部位的皮肤情况.结果:对照组皮肤出现异常情况的有18例,观察组皮肤异常的仅有4例,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论:热敷后解除弹力绷带可明显减少病人皮肤的损害,增加病人的舒适感.     

植入式静脉输液港在白血病患儿长期化疗中的应用

采用植入式静脉输液港完成2例白血痛患儿长期化疗和补液治疗。对植入式静脉输液港原理、植入方法、护理技术、维护方法进行总结，提出植入式静脉输液港减轻了患儿反复穿刺的痛苦。提高了生存质量。值得在肿瘤患儿中推广。     

应用弹力绷带预防骨折早期张力性水泡的临床观察

经过几年的临床观察,本人摸索出一种可预防小夹板固定形成的张力性水泡的方法,效果较满意,现介绍如下。1　临床资料　　治疗组12例中男3例,女9例,年龄48～72岁,平均62岁。病程:伤后30分～1天,多数在2小时以内。科雷氏骨折9例,双踝骨折2例,胫腓骨骨折1例。对照组11例中男2例,女9例,年龄45～68岁,平均58岁,病程:伤后2小时以内。科雷氏骨折8例,双踝骨折2例,胫腓骨骨折1例。两组情况基本一致,均采用小夹板固定。2　治疗方法　　治疗组:骨折经手法整复后,采用75ｃｍ×45ｃｍ(浙江省东阳市东白医疗保健用品厂)弹力绷带缠绕骨折端上下各10～15ｃｍ…     

精密过滤输液器在中药静脉输液中的应用

目的 观察精密过滤输液器减少中药输液反应的效果。方法 将用中药制剂静脉滴注患者随机分为观察组（100例）和对照组（103例），观察组采用一次性精密过滤输液器输液，对照组采用一次性普通输液器输液，观察两组患者输液反应发生率。结果 观察组输液反应发生率（0．1％），显著低于对照组（1．5％）（P〈0．01）。结论 使用一次性精密过滤输液器能有效减少中药的输液反应。     

精密过滤输液器在中药静脉输液中的应用

目的 观察精密过滤输液器减少中药输液反应的效果.方法 将用中药制剂静脉滴注患者随机分为观察组(100例)和对照组(103例),观察组采用一次性精密过滤输液器输液,对照组采用一次性普通输液器输液,观察两组患者输液反应发生率.结果 观察组输液反应发生率(0.1%),显著低于对照组(1.5%)(P＜0.01).结论 使用一次性精密过滤输液器能有效减少中药的输液反应.     

小密封瓶滴注替代静脉推注给药效果观察

目的探讨小密封瓶静脉滴注替代静脉推注给药的效果。方法随机将病人分为两组各 36 0例 (两种方法给药各 2 5 2 0次 )。观察组采用≤ 10 0ml无菌小密封瓶静脉滴注 ,对照组常规静脉推注 ,观察并发症及不良反应的发生率 ;药液中微粒数 ;耗时、耗材情况。结果 >2 5 μm微粒观察组为 (0 .5 0± 0 .2 6 )个 /ml、对照组为 (2 .70± 1.88)个 /ml,10～ 2 5 μm微粒观察组为 (8.2 4± 5 .32 )个 /ml,对照组为 (2 6 .87± 19.6 3)个 /ml。两组比较 ,差异有极显著性意义 (均P <0 .0 1)。并发症及不良反应发生率 (除病人发热外 ) ,两组比较 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 .0 1)。两组耗时、耗材比较 ,差异有极显著性意义 (均P <0 .0 1)。结论小密封瓶静脉滴注替代静脉推注具有安全、省时、省材等优点。     

Influence of Different Materials in Multicomponent Bandages on Pressure and Stiffness of the Final Bandage

BACKGROUND The physical characteristics of bandage kits, in which different materials are combined, cannot be predicted by laboratory tests. They can only be assessed in vivo by measuring the interface pressure and calculation of stiffness.
OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate pressure and stiffness of some widely used multicomponent, multilayer bandages and to investigate the effect of modifications of their components.
METHODS AND MATERIALS Twelve healthy volunteers were investigated. Interface pressure and stiffness were measured in the lying and standing position after application of four-layer elastic bandage (Profore, Smith & Nephew, Hull, UK), two-layer elastic bandage (Proguide, Smith & Nephew), and four-layer short-stretch bandage (Rosidal sys, Lohmann & Rauscher GmbH, Neuwied, Germany) applied according to the manufacturer's recommendations and after some modifications of the padding layer.
RESULTS Both Profore, made up of elastic, and Rosidal sys, made up of inelastic components, fulfill the criteria for bandages with high stiffness. The stiffness of Proguide, consisting of elastic components, is in a gray zone between elastic and inelastic materials. Altering the padding layers changes the stiffness of these bandages completely.
CONCLUSION Pressure and stiffness of composite bandage kits differ from the physical properties of their components. Modifying the padding layers leads to a change of these physical properties that can only be assessed by in vivo tests on the human leg.     

Application of a Self-Made Swivel Intravenous Transfusion Device in Constructing Allogenic Small Bowel Transplantation Rejection Model in Rats

Background

Lacking a long-term continuous intravenous infusion device for experimental animals is the biggest obstacle to constructing an allogenic small bowel transplantation rejection model.

Objective

To establish a rat heterotopic small bowel transplantation model with the use of a swivel device for intravenous transfusion.

Methods

The randomized block design of controlled observations included 90 inbred male F344/NCrl BR rats as donors and 90 LEW/Crl rats as recipients. On the basis of body weight, the rats were divided into three groups each with 30 pairs of rats. Group 1, the control group, underwent small bowel transplantation. Group 2, the transfusion group, received small bowel transplantation and continuous infusion of parenteral nutrient solution. Group 3, the tacrolimus (FK506) treatment group, received small bowel transplantation, continuous infusion of parenteral nutrient solution, and intravenous injection of FK506. The general status and survival time of transplanted rats were observed for 5 weeks.

Results

The operative success rate was 100%. The survival rate was 83.3% (25/30) in the control group; and 96.7% (58/60) in groups 2 and 3 (P = .039). The mean survival time of the FK506 group was 22.1 ± 13.4 days, which was significantly higher than that in the transfusion group (10.4 ± 2.9 days, P = .023).

Conclusion

The simple, practical swivel intravenous infusion device provided treatment for more than 30 days, a useful tool for heterotopic segmental small bowel transplantation.     

呼吸机鼻面罩通用头带的设计及临床应用

目的缩短使用无创通气呼吸机之前的备物时间 ,减轻病人佩戴鼻罩或面罩时的不适感 ,避免气道漏气和皮肤受压 ,降低使用成本。方法采用莱卡棉质材料制作成呼吸机鼻罩、面罩通用头带 (下称通用头带 ) ,用于 112例病人(观察组 ) ,并与 80例使用旧式头带的病人 (对照组 )进行比较。结果与对照组比较 ,观察组备物时间、更换鼻罩或面罩时间显著缩短 ,气道漏气及皮肤受压发生率显著降低 (均P <0 .0 5 )。结论以通用头带固定呼吸机鼻罩或面罩 ,可降低病人不适反应发生率 ,且取用、更换方便快捷 ,降低了成本消耗。     

Controlled, Comparative Study of Relation between Volume Changes and Interface Pressure under Short-Stretch Bandages in Leg Lymphedema Patients

BACKGROUND Pressure loss under short-stretch bandages (SSBs) is a well-known phenomenon and is thought to be related to bandage relaxation and poor quality of application.
AIM The aim was to demonstrate that therapeutically intended volume reduction of the compressed leg is the most important cause for the loss of bandage pressure.
DESIGN This was an experimental, controlled comparative study.
METHODS In 20 patients suffering from lymphedema of the lower extremities and in 9 healthy persons, lower leg volume was measured by water displacement. After application of a pressure measurement device (Kikuhime) at the B1 region, SSBs were applied on one leg according to a standard protocol. Volume and pressure measurements were performed at 0, 2, and 24 hours in supine as well as standing positions.
RESULTS A significant reduction of leg volume is already achieved 2 hours after bandage application, both in lymphedema patients and in normal controls. A further volume decrease of the lymphedematous legs is observed in the following 24 hours after application of a new bandage (−290 mL). The volume reduction is associated with a significant loss of bandage pressure from initial values over 60 mmHg by 37 and 48% in controls and lymphedema patients, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS Inelastic, multilayer, multicomponent compression bandages lead to an immediate reduction of leg volume, both in lymphedematous and in normal legs. This therapeutically intended volume reduction seems to be the main reason for the fast decrease of the subbandage pressure.