Plasmablastic lymphoma mimicking carcinomatosis: A case report and review of the literature

First identified as a distinct disease entity in HIV‐positive patients, plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare aggressive disease which arises predominantly in men and is associated with immunodeficiency of all causes. Although its exact etiology is poorly understood, Epstein–Barr virus infection and MYC gene aberrations have been implicated in its development in both HIV‐positive and HIV‐negative patients. The disease typically involves extranodal sites with a predilection for the oral cavity but may occur in other locations. Here we present a case of plasmablastic lymphoma diffusely involving the omentum and peritoneal cavity of an immunocompetent woman, clinically mimicking an ovarian carcinomatosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case in which plasmablastic lymphoma has presented as peritoneal lymphomatosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:243–246. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Herpes virus infection in peritoneal fluid: a case report and review of literature

Herpetic infections in body cavity fluids are unusual and are rarely reported in the cytology literature. We report a case of a 74-yr-old woman who developed ascites after undergoing an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for biliary colic. Cytology of peritoneal fluid revealed changes in a herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection that was confirmed by immunocytological staining.     

Coxsackievirus B1 peritonitis in a patient treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a case report and brief review of the literature

We report a case of viral peritonitis caused by coxsackievirus B1 in a 79-year-old male undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), and review the English language literature. Clinicians should be aware of viral peritonitis in patients on CAPD presenting with a viral syndrome and mononuclear peritoneal dialysis effluent. Currently, viral diagnostic tests are available to confirm the diagnosis and avoid unnecessary treatment with antibiotics.     

Synchronous pleural and peritoneal malignant mesothelioma: a case report and review of literature

The coexistence of mesothelioma and other primary malignancies has been previously reported in literature, but the finding of a pleural mesothelioma with a synchronous peritoneal mesothelioma has not been reported so far. We report a case of a 58-years-old woman that came to our attention for the incidental finding of an inguinal mass. Fine-needle biopsies of the mass and a thoracoscopy with pleural biopsies were performed, after imaging studies showed pleural thickenings suspicious for malignancy. Histological morphology and growth pattern were similar in both cases. Both tumors stained for calretinin, but only the pleural mesothelioma showed positivity for Wilms-Tumor 1 antibody. We tried to demonstrate with molecular biology techniques whether they were synchronous or one was the metastasis of the other, but our studies did not give informative results. The prognosis in this case is poor, and after 6 months the patient is still following a chemotherapy regimen, which is the only practicable approach given the extent of the disease.     

Mycobacterium heckeshornense peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report and review of the literature

We report the first case of peritonitis attributed to Mycobacterium heckeshornense. This is a rare, non-tuberculous mycobacterium that has been reported as an aetiological agent in a growing number and widening spectrum of infections.     

Pemphigus vulgaris in pregnancy: a case report and review of literature

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an uncommon, immune-mediated bullous dermatosis, which, during its active phase, has been associated with infertility. Pemphigus vulgaris during pregnancy is exceedingly rare-only 26 cases with immunopathological confirmation have been reported. The disease may be associated with adverse neonatal outcome, including prematurity and fetal death. Transient skin lesions may occasionally appear in the neonate. We report a patient who conceived during the active phase of PV, required high doses of corticosteroids to control the disease, and was delivered of a pre-term, appropriate-for-gestational age newborn.     

Cytologic diagnosis of endosalpingiosis with pregnant women presenting in peritoneal fluid: a case report

The cytologic appearance of endosalpingiosis in peritoneal fluid cytology smears has not been extensively described. We report a case of endosalpingiosis in a 29-year-old pregnant female who presented with peritoneal fluid. Dense papillary epithelial clusters with indistinct ciliated cells were found in the Papanicolaou-stained smears. However, long and delicate cilia were obvious in papillary cluster with scanning electron microscopy. Cell nuclei were oval, with finely dispersed chromatin and uniform nuclear membrane. Peritoneal fluid cytology with these findings may be helpful to suggest the probable preoperative diagnosis of endosalpingiosis or benign glandular inclusions involving the pelvic peritoneum.     

Cytomorphologic characteristics of fine needle core biopsy of multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma: A case report and review of the literature

Multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) is an uncommon cystic mesothelial proliferative lesion. It occurs predominantly in women of reproductive age and most commonly arises in the pelvis. The preoperative diagnosis of MPM is difficult to establish based on clinical and radiographic findings, and has therefore traditionally been diagnosed following surgical resection. Due to differing management of MPM and its differential diagnoses including both benign and malignant lesions, it would be beneficial to diagnose MPM preoperatively. We report a case of MPM in a middle aged female that was diagnosed by fine needle core biopsy and touch preparations, allowing for appropriate clinical management. The cytomorphologic features of needle core biopsy, immunocytochemical studies and differential diagnosis are discussed. Furthermore, despite its infrequency, the current case emphasizes the importance of the inclusion of this entity in the differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the abdomen and pelvis at the time of on‐site evaluation and final diagnosis, in order to avoid misinterpretation of strips of benign mesothelial cells as inadequate for diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Heterotopic pregnancy after IVF-ET: report of a case and a review of the literature

A case of heterotopic, intrauterine and tubal ectopic pregnancy is reported, following in-vitro fertilization and transfer of four 4-cell embryos. The literature on the subject is reviewed and the possible aetiological factors, as well as the clinical essentials for early pre-operative diagnosis are discussed.     

Reproduction in a patient with trisomy 8 mosaicism: Case report and literature review

We describe a patient with trisomy 8 mosaicism followed through a sixth pregnancy and discuss issues in phenotypic and genotypic variability, the risk for neoplasia, and reproductive risks. Am. J. Med. Genet. 75:382-385, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Intracranial Rosai-Dorfman disease mimicking isolated meningioma: a case report and review of the literature

Rosai-Dorfman disease is a rare malignant infirmity. Here, we present a case of a 57-year-old man with giddiness and unstable gait, as well as blurred vision in the left eye for four months. Radiologically the diagnosis before surgery was meningioma. The patient received a craniotomy, and the histopathologic diagnosis was Rosai-Dorfman disease. We reviewed the diagnosis, mechanism, and treatment of this disease.     

Intrahepatic splenosis mimicking liver cancer: report of a case and review of literature

Intrahepatic splenosis is a rare situation occurred after traumatic splenic rupture or splenectomy. We report a 33 year old man with multiple isolated liver masses indistinguishable from primary and metastatic liver tumor by standard evaluation. The man underwent a splenectomy due to trauma at the age of three so that the hepatic splenosis was suspected. The final fine-needle biopsy pathological examination proved the diagnosis of intrahepatic splenosis. The importance of suspicion for this diagnosis should be highlighted when tumor-like lesions disclosed on imaging occurs in a patient with a splenic injury in the past. ^99mTc labelled heat-denatured erythrocyte scintigraphy can be helpful to the diagnosis since it may avoid the performance of biopsies or surgical resections.     

Isolated diffuse hemangiomatosis of the spleen: case report and review of literature

Small localized hemangiomas are common neoplasms of the spleen. Isolated diffuse splenic hemangiomatosis, however, is very rare. This lesion can be accompanied by severe hypersplenism and other complications. We report on a case with significant splenomegaly caused by diffuse hemangiomatosis, which was an incidental finding without any clinical disorders. After splenectomy, the normal parenchyma was found to be widely replaced by multiple spongy nodules. Histologically, cavernous vessels were distributed throughout the whole organ, with endothelial cells expressing vimentin, factor VIII and CD 31, but not CD8. Splenic sinus lining cells exhibited a strongly positive reaction with CD8, which became faint and disrupted in highly dilated sinuses in the vicinity of cavernous vessels. In some areas, there seemed to be a gradual transition from cystically dilated splenic sinuses to cavernous vessels. The differential diagnosis must consider other splenic vascular tumors, such as littoral cell angioma, lymphangioma, peliosis of the spleen, and hamartoma. The pathogenesis of diffuse splenic hemangiomatosis is controversial, and a malformative or neoplastic origin is under debate. A derivation from splenic sinusoidal cells was suggested by some authors, but was rejected by others. Our findings cannot exclude a neoplastic origin from splenic sinuses but, finally, the etiology and pathogenesis of this vascular lesion remain uncertain.     

Ovarian adenomyoma mimicking an ovarian malignancy: a case report with literature review

Smooth muscle tumors of the ovary are rare, and ovarian adenomyoma are even rarer. It is a well-circumscribed biphasic tumor composed of benign glands and smooth muscle cells, as well as a variety of pseudoneoplastic glandular lesion. After extensive literature search, the case presented in this article appears to be the third case of an ovarian adenomyoma and the first case in a postmenopausal woman.     

Primary biliary malignant lymphoma clinically mimicking cholangiocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature

Primary lymphomas of the liver and biliary tract are rare tumors. We describe an unusual case of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma arising in the extrahepatic bile ducts with local extension to involve the intrahepatic bile ducts. The patient presented solely with obstructive biliary symptoms. The clinical presentation, radiographic studies, and gross findings at surgery suggested that this patient had a Klatskin tumor (cholangiocarcinoma arising at the junction of the left and right hepatic ducts). While rare, the difference in initial patient management emphasizes the importance of including malignant lymphoma in the differential diagnosis of obstructive biliary lesions. Ann Diagn Pathol 5:25-33, 2001.     

CD56 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a case report and literature review

CD56 positive B-cell lymphoma is very rare. We experienced a case of CD56 positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, occurred in a young child. A 5-year-old girl complained with snoring and open mouth breathing. No any abnormality in laboratory or physical examination was present, except enlarged both tonsils. Bilateral tonsillectomy was performed. Cut sections of right tonsil showed a 2 cm size, solid mass. On microscopically, large monomorphic lymphoid cells were diffusely proliferated and showed positivity for CD20 and CD56 and negative for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Monoclonality was observed on immunoglobulin heavy chain gene rearrangement. This is a unique case with incidentally found and occurred in a young child.     

Extragenital granuloma inguinale mimicking a soft-tissue neoplasm: a case report and review of the literature.

Granuloma inguinale has been reported to mimic squamous cell carcinoma, as well as sexually transmitted diseases. We describe a rare case of extragenital granuloma inguinale that mimicked a soft tissue neoplasm in an 18-year-old pregnant woman who presented with cervical and labial ulcers. An elective cesarean section was performed, at which time a retroperitoneal mass that involved the right ureter was found. At frozen section, the mass had a xanthogranulomatous appearance consistent with a soft-tissue neoplasm. Special stains of the permanent sections revealed the pathognomic features of granuloma inguinale.     

Cervical pregnancy: three case reports and a review of the literature

Three cases of cervical pregnancy are described: the incidence,the diagnostic approach and different therapeutic managementsused for this rare type of ectopic pregnancy are discussed.The last case shows that hysterectomy can be avoided by earlydiagnosis and by an adequate tamponing technique to controlhaemorrhage. For this purpose, a three-way Dufour catheter wassuccessfully used to rinse the uterus with heated saline, allowingevacuation of intrauterine blood after curettage and to tamponthe cervix.     

Infectious mononucleosis mimicking malignant T-cell lymphoma in the nasopharynx: a case report and review of the literature

Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is Epstein-Barr virus-associated and self-limited lymphoproliferative disorder. The histopathologic features of the nasopharynx in IM are rarely described. In this report, we described a patient of IM with atypical T-cell proliferation in the nasopharynx. In-situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA with immunostaining against CD20 was used for evaluation of EBV infection. The histopathologic features of IM could mimic malignant T-cell lymphoma. It should be differentiate reactive T-cell lymphoproliferation from malignant lymphoma in the nasopharynx.