经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的评价球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松椎体压缩性骨折的疗效和安全性。方法自2008年8月至2011年7月采用椎体后凸成形术治疗老年骨质疏松脊柱压缩骨折30例42椎,患者均有腰背部疼痛。取俯卧位调节手术床使椎体骨折部位过伸,达到满意的闭合复位后,经皮双侧或单侧椎弓根穿刺球囊扩张,填充骨水泥。随访观察患者的疼痛、日常功能以及影像学改变情况。根据术前和术后侧位X线片测量椎体高度、后凸畸形角度,进行统计学分析。利用Oswestry评分、视觉模拟评分（visualanaloguescale,VAS）评定临床疗效。观察有无骨水泥渗漏等并发症。结果术后随访6～24个月,平均10个月。术后伤椎处疼痛均明显缓解,VAS评分从术前平均（8．45±0．48）分降至术后平均（2．45±0．52）分,椎体高度明显恢复,后凸畸形得到矫正。随访期间疗效满意,伤椎高度无明显丢失。未出现严重的骨水泥渗漏并发症。术后椎体高度及伤椎后凸角度与术前比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,术后VAS及Oswestry评分与术前比较有统计学差异（P〈0．01）。结论球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松脊柱压缩性骨折,能有效恢复椎体高度和矫正后凸畸形,能迅速缓解疼痛,减少骨折并发症,提高患者生活质量。     

硫酸钙椎体成形术联合椎弓根钉内固定治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折的前瞻性研究

目的探讨注射型硫酸钙椎体成形术联合椎弓根钉内固定治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折的初步临床疗效。方法自2008年3月~2010年5月,采用注射型硫酸钙椎体成形术联合后路短节段椎弓根钉内固定治疗25例无神经障碍的创伤性胸腰椎骨折,术后随访观察椎体前、中部的相对高度、Cobb角、伤椎角,并对疼痛和功能指标分别用视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)进行量化比较。结果 23例得到随访13~35个月,平均23.8个月。术后1周时椎体前、中部的相对高度、Cobb角,伤椎角分别与术前值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而与末次随访时比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论硫酸钙椎体成形术联合椎弓根钉内固定治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折可以有效防止内固定失败和矫正度丢失,临床效果满意。     

PKP治疗骨质疏松性多节段椎体压缩性骨折的临床应用研究

目的 探讨经皮椎体后凸成形术(PKP)治疗骨质疏松性多节段椎体压缩性骨折的疗效和安全性.方法 采用Skv膨胀式椎体成形器或球囊扩张对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折65例238椎(其中Sky组20例,球囊组45例)行经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗.在X线片上测量术前、术后的椎体前缘、中线、后缘的高度及术后后凸畸形纠正范围.术前的临床所见及随访结果 均采用Oswestry功能障碍指数和疼痛视觉模糊评分进行评定.结果 65例术后24 h内疼痛症状明显缓解或消失.后凸畸形纠正范围11～26°,平均17°.随访9～46个月,平均24.8个月,患者诉明显疼痛,X线片示椎体高度未见明显丢失,未出现严重并发症.术后3个月及最后随访时Oswestry功能障碍指数和VAS评分均较术前有明显改善(P<0.05).Sky组与球囊组疗效比较无显著性差异(P<0.05).结论 Sky膨胀式椎体成形器及球囊扩张PKP治疗多发性骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,均能迅速缓解疼痛,恢复椎体高度,但球囊对于一次治疗多椎体病变更为经济、适用.     

椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性脊柱压缩骨折

[目的]分析椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床和影像学结果,评价其临床效果。[方法]本组43例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折均接受经皮椎体球囊扩张后凸成形术。其中男19例,女24例;年龄56~85岁,平均68·2岁。本组共61个椎体骨折,其中单椎体26例,两椎体骨折11例,三椎体骨折4例,四椎体骨折2例。椎体骨折部位T7~L5。术后对患者的疼痛、日常功能以及影像学结果进行了分析。[结果]所有患者随访1a以上,平均18·8个月(12~36个月)。平均VAS评分由术前8·6到术后2·3和最终随访2·7(P<0·001),Oswestry评分由术前55到术后30和最终随访35(P<0·01)。手术椎体前、中柱平均高度由术前的12·20mm到术后的25·38mm和最终随访26·36mm。脊柱矢状位后凸畸形改善平均9·9°(4·3~22°),随访丢失平均1·6°(0·8~1·7°)。4例发生骨水泥渗漏,但无严重并发症发生。最终随访时有3例患者发生3个临近节段椎体压缩骨折。[结论]球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术可有效恢复骨质疏松性骨折椎体的高度、迅速缓解疼痛、改善病人的功能,明显减少骨水泥的渗漏率,是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。     

Balloon kyphoplasty in the management of vertebral compression fractures: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis

This systematic review updates the understanding of the evidence base for balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) in the management of vertebral compression fractures. Detailed searches of a number of electronic databases were performed from March to April 2006. Citation searches of included studies were undertaken and no language restrictions were applied. All controlled and uncontrolled studies were included with the exception of case reports. Prognostic factors responsible for pain relief and cement leakage were examined using meta-regression. Combined with previous evidence, a total of eight comparative studies (three against conventional medical therapy and five against vertebroplasty) and 35 case series were identified. The majority of studies were undertaken in older women with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with long-term pain that was refractory to medical treatment. In direct comparison to conventional medical management, patients undergoing BKP experienced superior improvements in pain, functionality, vertebral height and kyphotic angle at least up to 3-years postprocedure. Reductions in pain with BKP appeared to be greatest in patients with newer fractures. Uncontrolled studies suggest gains in health-related quality of life at 6 and 12-months following BKP. Although associated with a finite level of cement leakage, serious adverse events appear to be rare. Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures appear to be associated with a higher level of cement leakage following BKP than non-osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. In conclusion, there are now prospective studies of low bias, with follow-up of 12 months or more, which demonstrate balloon kyphoplasty to be more effective than medical management of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and as least as effective as vertebroplasty. Results from ongoing RCTs will provide further information in the near future. This report has been undertaken through unrestricted funding by Kyphon Inc. The planning, conduct and conclusions of this report are made independently from the company.     

Percutaneous techniques in the treatment of osteoporotic, traumatic and neoplastic fractures of thoraco-lumbar spine: Our institutional experience

Fifty-eight (30 females) patients with a mean age of 55 were treated in our institution with minimal invasive surgery techniques for osteoporotic, traumatic and neoplastic fractures of the thoraco-lumbar spine. All patients completed pre-operatively and post-operatively the VAS score (0-10, 10 being the worst state for pain) as well as the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire at 3, 12, 24 and 36 months intervals. Overall the VAS score was reduced from 7.8 points pre-operatively, to 2.1 points at the 36 month follow up. Oswestry disability score improved from a pre-operative severe disability to moderate disability at 3 months up to a minimum disability at 36 months. The minimally invasive surgical techniques can significantly improve clinical outcomes by preventing many of the drawbacks associated with open approaches whilst also allowing to associate other methods such as coblation, vertebroplasty, interbody fusion that can be complementary to vertebral fixation.     

椎体成形术结合体位复位治疗创伤性胸腰椎骨折

目的 观察在体位复位辅助下椎体成形术治疗创伤性胸腰椎椎体骨折的临床疗效.方法 2003年1月至2006年2月,48例新鲜单节段胸腰椎椎体骨折患者,男36例,女12例;年龄24-76岁,平均50岁.其中T114例,T1212例,L118例,L2 8例,L3 4例,L42例.根据Denis胸腰椎骨折分型:压缩性骨折,B型32例,C型6例,D型8例;爆裂性骨折2例,均为B型.取俯卧位调节手术床使患者椎体骨折部位过伸,达到满意的闭合复位后,经皮双侧椎弓根穿刺充填自固化磷酸钙骨水泥.根据术前和术后侧位X线片测量椎体高度、后凸畸形角度,并计算椎体高度压缩率及恢复率.记录分析视觉模拟评分(VAS)及伤椎形态变化.结果 术后随访15～37个月,平均18个月.术后伤椎处疼痛均显著缓解,VAS评分从术前平均(6.9±1.6)分降至术后平均(1.7±0.8)分,椎体前壁高度和中间高度明显恢复,后凸畸形得到矫正.随访期间疗效满意,伤椎高度无明显丢失.结论 在严格掌握手术适应证,选择合适病例的前提下,采用体位复位辅助下经皮椎体成形术治疗创伤性胸腰椎椎体骨折,能迅速缓解疼痛,有效恢复椎体高度和矫正后凸畸形.     

经皮椎体成形术和后凸成形术在多节段椎体骨折中的应用

目的探讨经皮椎体成形术（PVP）和后凸成形术（PKP）治疗多节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的安全性及疗效。方法PVP和PKP治疗21例多节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者共69节胸腰椎。分析患者术前、术中、术后的临床及影像学资料,采用模拟视觉评分（VAS）及Oswesty功能障碍指数（ODI）评价术前、术后疼痛缓解及日常活动功能恢复情况。结果19例一次手术完成3节椎体,2例一次手术完成6节椎体。1例术中出现一过性血压降低和呛咳。VAS评分术前为（8.75±1.32）分,术后1 d为（2.47±1.26）分,术后6个月为（2.03±1.98）分;OD I值术前为83.12±11.24,术后1 d为27.12±9.43,术后6个月为29.04±10.13,疼痛缓解及日常活动功能恢复明显。结论PVP和PKP是治疗多节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折安全、有效的方法。必须注意术中生命体征的变化,一次手术最多完成3-4节椎体。     

“Outcome of thoracolumbar compression fractures following non-operative treatment”

Axial compressive/flexion moderate forces on the anterior spinal elements may cause vertebral compression fractures (VCF), compromising the anterior column of the spine, reducing vertebral body height and leading to characteristic wedge-shaped deformity. 60% to 75% of VCFs are located in the thoracolumbar junction (T12 – L2) due to mechanical forces upon the transition from the relatively fixed thoracic to the relatively mobile lumbar spine. Compression force spinal fractures vary in literature according to the classification system in use, resulting in controversial treatment options. Type A fracture patterns of AO classification are eligible for non-operative treatment provided the posterior complex is intact and there are no neurologic complications. That includes both simple compressive and burst fractures. The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term consequences of non-operative treated compressive thoracolumbar fractures regarding posttraumatic deformity, chronic back pain, and functional status. A retrospective study of 75 patients with stable (compressive and burst type A AO) spinal fractures of the thoracolumbar spine (T12-L2) without neurological symptoms and treated non-operatively was conducted. Post traumatic regional kyphosis, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were used to evaluate deformity progression, pain and alteration of the quality of life during follow up. There was no significant correlation between magnitude of posttraumatic regional kyphosis, sex, pain score and disability index. Statistically significant correlation between patients age and disability index was revealed.     

Balloon kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty in the management of vertebral compression fractures

Vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) are the most prevalent fractures in osteoporotic patients. The classical conservative management of these fractures is through rest, pain medication, bracing and muscle relaxants. The aim of this paper is to review prospective controlled studies comparing the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive techniques for vertebral augmentation, vertebroplasty (VP) and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP), versus non-surgical management (NSM). The Fracture Working Group of the International Osteoporosis Foundation conducted a literature search and developed a review paper on VP and BKP. The results presented for the direct management of osteoporotic VCFs focused on clinical outcomes of these three different procedures, including reduction in pain, improvement of function and mobility, vertebral height restoration and decrease in spinal curvature (kyphosis). Overall, VP and BKP are generally safe procedures that provide quicker pain relief, mobility recovery and in some cases vertebral height restoration than conventional conservative medical treatment, at least in the short term. However, the long-term benefits and safety in terms of risk of subsequent vertebral fractures have not been clearly demonstrated and further prospective randomized studies are needed with standards for reporting. Referral physicians should be aware of VP/BKP and their potential to reduce the health impairment of patients with VCFs. However, VP and BKP are not substitutes for appropriate evaluation and treatment of osteoporosis to reduce the risk of future fractures.     

Safety and clinical performance of kyphoplasty and SpineJack® procedures in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a pilot,monocentric, investigator-initiated study

Summary

Clinical performance and safety of two percutaneous vertebral cement augmentation (VA) procedures (SpineJack® and Kyphx Xpander® balloon) were compared in patients with osteoporotic compression fractures. Both techniques were safe, efficient, and led to a rapid and marked improvement in clinical signs; nevertheless, SpineJack showed better restoration of vertebral heights and angles, maintained over time.

Introduction

In patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCFs), both SpineJack® (SJ) and balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) led to a rapid and marked improvement in clinical signs. This pilot, monocentric, investigator-initiated, prospective study aimed to compare two percutaneous vertebral augmentation procedures in the painful osteoporotic VCF treatment.

Methods

Thirty patients were randomized to receive SJ (n?=?15) or BKP (n?=?15). Analgesic consumption, back pain intensity (visual analog scale (VAS)), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were recorded preoperatively, at 5 days and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery. Quality of life (EQ-VAS score) was evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Spine X-rays were taken 48 h prior to procedure and 5 days and 6 and 12 months after.

Results

SpineJack® led to a significantly shorter intervention period (23 vs 32 min; p?<?0.001), a strong, rapid, and long-lasting decline in pain (94 vs 82 % at 12 months) and in functional disability (94 vs 90 % at 12 months), a greater and sustainable mean correction of anterior (12?±?13 vs 0?±?7 % for BKP, p?=?0.003) and central height (12?±?10 vs 2?±?6 % for BKP, p?=?0.001) at 12 months, and a larger restoration of the vertebral body angle still evident 12 months after implantation (?4.4°?±?5.8° vs 0.2°?±?3.0° for BKP; p?=?0.012).

Conclusions

This pilot study showed that both techniques were safe and efficient for the osteoporotic VCF treatment. Radiological results indicate that the SpineJack® procedure has a higher potential for vertebral body height restoration and maintenance over time.

     

Relationship between clinical symptoms of osteoporotic vertebral fracture with intravertebral cleft and radiographic findings

Background

With aging of the population, the numbers of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with intravertebral cleft have been increasing. However, the details of clinical symptoms of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with intravertebral cleft are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between clinical symptoms of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with intravertebral cleft and radiographic findings.

经皮椎体成形术中骨水泥弥散容积比与疗效相关性的临床研究

目的 评价椎体成形术中骨水泥弥散容积比与疗效的关系。方法 2016年1月至2018年5月,43例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者在我科施行经皮椎体成形术,术后Mimics软件上计算出伤体内骨水泥弥散容积。骨水泥弥散容积比=骨水泥弥散容积/伤锥体积,将骨水泥弥散容积比分为3级,1级<25%,25%<2级<50%,3级>50%,对比术前与术后随访（12个月）的模拟VAS评分与腰疼ODI评分。结果 37例患者实施PVP,术后获12~27个月随访（平均16.8个月）,患者背部疼痛均有不同程度缓解或者消失。骨水泥弥散容积比分为1级、2级、3级各组之间的疼痛缓解疗效的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 经皮椎体成形术中骨水泥弥散容积比<25%即可获得满意疗效,增加骨水泥弥散容积比不能获得更好的疗效。     

Ergebnisse der Ballonkyphoplastie in der Behandlung von osteoporotischen Wirbelkörperfrakturen

The aim of this study was to evaluate the reduction of pain, improvement of sagittal alignment, complications and intermediate term results of balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCF).The study group consisted of 87 patients with 145 VCFs which were not responsive to non-operative treatment. All data were collected prospectively. Improvement of sagittal alignment (Cobb and kyphotic angles, anterior, middle and posterior height) was determined from CT scans. Pain was evaluated by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS).Postoperative CT scans revealed a significant reduction of the mean kyphotic angle of 5.7 degrees (range 2-24 degrees ) and a significant reduction of pain from 7.8+/-2.4 to 2.0+/-1.5 in the VAS (improvement of pain in 95.5% of patients). An asymptomatic leakage of cement was observed in 28 out of 145 vertebrae (19.3%). The outcome of 35 patients with 51 VCFs was evaluated after a mean of 13 (range 12-70) months (CT and VAS) and there was a persisting reduction of pain and no loss of reduction. In this group of patients new symptomatic fractures were evident in 4 and clinically asymptomatic (only seen on CT) fractures were detected in 5 out of 35 patients, 7 fractures were adjacent to and 2 fractures were remote from the initially treated level. In two patients an asymptomatic moderate loss of reduction was detected.These intermediate term results indicate that kyphoplasty reduces pain and improves sagittal alignment in patients with VCF. However, in 26% of patients new fractures occurred, predominantly in adjacent levels but approximately 50% of these fractures were clinically asymptomatic.     

A prospective two-year follow-up of thoracic and lumbar osteolytic vertebral fractures caused by multiple myeloma treated with balloon kyphoplasty

PURPOSE: Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure for the stabilization of osteoporotic and osteolytic vertebral fractures. The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate this operative procedure in the treatment of osteolytic vertebral fractures with regard to the reduction of pain and functional improvement of the patients and further to evaluate the restoration of vertebral height postoperatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study 26 patients (21 male, 5 female) with osteolytic vertebral fractures were treated with balloon kyphoplasty. In total, 59 vertebral fractures were treated with balloon kyphoplasty. Preoperatively conventional radiographs in lateral and a. p. views, CT and/or MRI were preformed. Pre- and postoperatively the clinical parameters using VAS (visual analogue scale) and the Oswestry score were evaluated. Radiographic scans were performed pre- and postoperatively and after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. The vertebral height and endplate angles were measured. RESULTS: The median pain scores (VAS) decreased from pre- to post-treatment significantly (p < 0.05) as also did the Oswestry score (p < 0.05). Balloon kyphoplasty led to a significant and sustained reduction of pain resulting in a significant functional improvement for the patients. A significant restoration of vertebral height and reduction of the kyphotic angle could be achieved with the balloon technique (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the minimal-invasive procedure was able to stabilize the spine also over a longer period of 24 months. A radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy could be performed without loss of time. CONCLUSION: In the treatment of osteolytic vertebral fractures balloon kyphoplasty led to a quick and sustained reduction of pain and as well as a functional improvement for the patients. A restoration of the vertebral height and reduction of the kyphotic angle was especially attributable to the balloon technique. The balloon kyphoplasty was able to stabilize the fractured vertebrae in the long-term and was able to prevent an increase of kyphotic deformity. Balloon kyphoplasty is an outstanding alternative in comparison to the established therapeutic concepts in the treatment of osteolytic vertebral fractures.     

Is kyphoplasty reliable for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with vertebral wall deficiency?

Background

Vertebral compression fractures are a common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis. The introduction of kyphoplasty has allowed minimally invasive treatment of these fractures. However, in patients with loss of vertebral wall integrity, balloon kyphoplasty is contraindicated due to the possibility of extruding wall fragments into the canal and cement extravasation. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of kyphoplasty in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures in patients with compromised vertebral walls using individualised surgical techniques to avoid cement extravasation.

Methods

Symptomatic vertebral fractures (59 fractures in 55 patients) were treated by kyphoplasty. In levels with compromised anterior vertebral walls, two distinct sequential applications of cement were performed to avoid anterior leakage. In levels that demonstrated posterior or lateral wall deficiencies, the cement was injected under live fluoroscopy to monitor lateral or posterior extravasation. Radiographic outcomes were evaluated by comparing pre- and postoperative anterior/middle vertebral body height and local kyphotic angle. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by comparing Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) values preoperatively, postoperatively, and at 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-ups.

Results

Symptomatic cement extravasation and complications after kyphoplasty were not observed. Vertebral height was restored and the mean kyphotic angle was improved. The mean VAS decreased significantly from pre-surgery to post-surgery, as did the ODI (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Kyphoplasty is a safe, clinically effective treatment for osteoporotic vertebral fracture with peripheral wall damage when using individualised surgical techniques to prevent bone cement leakage.     

PVP与PKP治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的近远期疗效比较

目的 比较经皮椎体成形术(Perculaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)和经皮椎体后凸成形术(Percutaneous kyphosis,PKP)治疗骨质疏松性胸腰椎压缩性骨折的近远期疗效.方法 回顾分析2015年12月至2017年5月收治的135例骨质疏松性脊柱骨折患者的临床资料.患者根据手术方式的...     

Balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of pathological vertebral compressive fractures

Background Previous clinical studies have shown the safety and effectiveness of balloon kyphoplasty in the treatment of pathological vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). However, they have not dealt with the impact of relatively common comorbid conditions in this age group, such as spinal stenosis, and they have not explicitly addressed the use of imaging as a prognostic indicator for the restoration of vertebral body height. Neither have these studies dealt with management and technical problems related to surgery, nor the effectiveness of bone biopsy during the same surgical procedure. This is a prospective study comparing preoperative and postoperative vertebral body heights, kyphotic deformities, pain intensity (using visual analogue scale) and quality of life (Oswestry disability questionnaire) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) and osteolytic vertebral tumors treated with balloon kyphoplasty.Methods Thirty-two consecutive patients, 27 OVCFs (49 vertebral bodies [VBs]) and 5 patients suffering from VB tumor (12 VBs) were treated by balloon kyphoplasty. The mean age was 68.2 years. All patients were assessed within the first week of surgery, and then followed up after one, three and six months; all patients (27 OVCFs and 5 tumor patients) were followed up for 12 months, 17 patients (14 OVCFs and 3 tumors) were followed up for 18 months and 9 patients (8 OVCFs and 1 tumor) were followed up for 24 months (mean follow up 18 months). The correction of kyphosis and vertebral heights were measured by comparing preoperative and postoperative radiographic measurements.Results Thirty-one patients (96.9%) exhibited significant and immediate pain improvement: 90% responded within 24 h and 6.3% responded within 5 days. Daily activities improved by 53% on the Oswestry scale. In the OVCF group, kyphosis correction was achieved in 24/27 patients (89.6%) with a mean correction of 7.6°. Anterior wall height was restored in 43/49 VBs (88%) (mean increment of 4.3 mm), and mid vertebral body height was restored in 45/49 VBs (92%) (mean increment of 4.8 mm). Edema (high intensity signal) on short tau inversion recovery (STIR) was evidenced in all OVCF patients who experienced symptoms for less than nine months and was associated with correction of deformity. Cement leakage was the only technical problem encountered; it occurred in 5/49 VBs (10.2%) of the osteoporotic group and 1/12 VBs (8.3%) of the tumor group but had no clinical consequences. The incidence of leakage to the anterior epidural space was 2%. Spinal stenosis was present in three patients (11.1%) who responded successfully to subsequent laminectomy. Retrieval of tissue samples for biopsy was successful in 10/15 cases (67%). New fractures occurred in the adjacent level in 2/27 OVCF patients (7.4%).Conclusions Associated spinal stenosis with OVCF should not be overlooked; STIR MRI is a good predictor of deformity correction with balloon kyphoplasty. The prevalence of a new OVCF in the adjacent level is low.     

后凸成形术结合体位复位治疗创伤性胸腰椎椎体骨折的临床观察

目的：观察在体位复位辅助下后凸成形术治疗创伤性胸腰椎椎体骨折的临床疗效。方法：37例新鲜单节段胸腰椎椎体骨折患者,男28例,女9例;年龄24～79岁,平均48岁。通过体位复位及Sky扩张器撑开复位后,经双侧椎弓根穿刺充填自固化磷酸钙人工骨（CPC）。根据Denis胸腰椎骨折的分型：压缩性骨折,B型27例,C型3例,D型5例;爆裂性骨折2例,均为B型。利用体位复位,经皮穿刺,Sky椎体成形器扩张椎体,注入可降解的自固化磷酸钙人工骨。根据术前和术后侧位X线片测量椎体高度、后凸畸形角度,并计算椎体高度丢失率和后凸畸形矫正率,记录分析视觉模拟评分（VAS）及伤椎形态变化。结果：术后随访9～24个月,平均13个月。术后伤椎处疼痛均显著缓解,VAS评分改变从术前平均（7.6±2.5）分降至术后平均（1.8±1.5）分,椎体前壁高度和中间高度明显恢复,后凸畸形得到矫正。随访期间疗效满意,伤椎高度无明显丢失。结论：在严格掌握适应证、选择合适病例的前提下,采用体位复位辅助下经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗创伤性胸腰椎椎体骨折,能迅速缓解疼痛,有效恢复椎体高度和矫正后凸畸形。     

Balloon kyphoplasty for osteoporotic spinal fractures with middle column compromise

Background

Balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) is an effective method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. However osteoporotic spinal fractures with middle column compromise are mentioned as a relative contraindication to BKP. Thus we investigated the safety and efficacy of BKP in the treatment of osteoporotic spinal fractures with middle column compromise but without neurological deficit.

Methods

In this retrospective study, 45 patients who suffered osteoporotic fractures with middle column compromise but without neurological deficits were treated by BKP from May 2007 to December 2010. The final follow-ups were finished during the time of July 2011–September 2011. The mean follow-up period was 20.2 months. The height of the compromised vertebral body, the kyphotic angle and spinal canal compromise were measured before surgery, one day after surgery, and at the final follow-up. A visual analogue scale (VAS) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) were chosen to evaluate pain and functional activity.

Results

The mean VAS and ODI scores improved significantly from pre- to post-operation (p < 0.05), and this improvement was sustained at the final follow-up. The mean anterior vertebral body height ratio improved from 57.6% ± 11.8% preoperatively to 86.2% ± 12.2% postoperatively (p < 0.05), so did the mean middle vertebral body height ratio. The kyphotic angle improved from 16.3° ± 3.7° preoperatively to 9.3° ± 2.6° postoperatively (p < 0.05). At final follow-up, BKP stabilised vertebral height and prevented further kyphotic deformity. While there were no differences in spinal canal compromise between pre-operation and one day after surgery (p > 0.05), there was a significant difference from the measurement at the final follow-up (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

BKP is a safe and effective method for osteoporotic spinal fractures with middle column compromise but without neurological deficit. Spontaneous remodelling of the spinal canal also occurs after BKP.