胰岛素样生长因子1和成纤维细胞生长因子7与毛乳头细胞的生长

背景:毛乳头细胞凝集性生长与其诱导毛发生长有关.毛乳头细胞分泌的多种生长因子如胰岛素样生长因子1、成纤维细胞生长因子7可能对毛乳头细胞生长具有重要的影响.目的:观察正常人毛乳头细胞的增长与生长方式与胰岛素样生长因子1、成纤维细胞生长因子7的相关性.方法:采用二步酶消化法分离培养毛乳头细胞,免疫组化法和流式细胞仪分别检测两种生长因子在凝集性与非凝集性生长的毛乳头细胞中的表达,MTT法检测2,5～100 μg/L质量浓度胰岛素样生长因子1对人毛乳头细胞增殖的影响.结果与结论:胰岛素样生长因子1与成纤维细胞生长因子7均表达于细胞胞浆,但表达量随时间减弱,其中第3代明显比第9代毛乳头细胞中成纤维细胞生长因子7的表达强烈(P＜0.05).与对照组相比,不同质量浓度胰岛素样生长因子1均有明显促进毛乳头细胞增殖的作用(P＜0.05),其中以2.5 μg/L最为显著.提示毛乳头细胞的凝集性生长状态的改变可能与胰岛素样生长因子1、成纤维细胞生长因子7表达下降有关,胰岛素样生长因子1可明显刺激毛乳头细胞增殖.     

Distinct vascular actions of epidermal growth factor-urogastrone and transforming growth factor-alpha

We compared the effects of epidermal growth factor-urogastrone (EGF-URO) with those of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) on regional blood flow in the anesthetized dog in vivo, and on isolated canine helical coronary artery strips in vitro. Like EGF-URO, TGF-alpha was a potent stimulator of femoral arterial blood flow in vivo; and, when added to the tissue bath in vitro before an agonist, TGF-alpha like EGF-URO was a potent inhibitor of the contractile responses of helical coronary arterial strips to various smooth muscle agonists: norepinephrine (NE), prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF alpha) and potassium chloride (KCl). Nonetheless, there were marked differences between EGF-URO and TGF-alpha in terms of the two biological responses measured. In terms of blood flow, although the ED50 for the increase in blood flow was similar for EGF-URO and TGF-alpha (ED50 = 0.4 micrograms EGF-URO equivalents per dose), the maximum responsiveness to TGF-alpha (130% increase in flow) was substantially greater than the maximum response to EGF-URO (70% increase in flow). Furthermore, TGF-alpha did not cause tachyphylaxis to subsequent doses of TGF-alpha, whereas a prior dose of either EGF-URO or TGF-alpha desensitized markedly the blood flow preparations to EGF-URO. Different desensitization patterns for the actions of EGF-URO and TGF-alpha also were observed in the arterial strip preparations. The inhibitory action of EGF-URO for agonist (NE, PGF2 alpha or KCl)-mediated contraction was diminished with repeated exposure of the tissue to EGF-URO, whereas the inhibitory action of TGF-alpha persisted with repetitive tissue exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

转化生长因子-β、碱性成纤维生长因子和血小板衍生生长因子在骨折愈合中的表达

目的:观察转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)和血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)在骨折愈合中的表达和分布情况,进而探讨其作用机制。方法:选用SD大鼠制作胫骨骨折愈合模型,伤后不同时期处死取材,分别进行组织学和TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF免疫组化染色观察。结果:(1)伤后3d开始形成原始骨痂。1周时肉芽组织中的间质细胞开始分化为软骨细胞,软骨形成后再进行软骨内化骨。4周时形成连接骨折端的桥接骨痂。(2)伤后早期血肿中炎性细胞表达bFGF、PDGF。伤后1周骨膜增殖细胞、肉芽组织中的成纤维细胞、内皮细胞、骨端骨细胞以及原始骨痂成骨细胞表达TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF。伤后2周软骨细胞表达TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF。结论:TGF-β、bFGF和PDGF有着各自的表达和分布特点,并共同调解骨原细胞的增殖和成骨细胞、软骨细胞的分化,最终完成骨折愈合。     

Adolescent psychosocial growth and development

This discussion has dealt with the nature of adolescence in the context of our culture. The stages of early adolescence (10 to 13 years), middle adolescence (14 to 17 years), and late adolescence (over 17 years) were examined separately and in some detail. Other characteristics of adolescence in general were examined, as were some of the factors influencing adult-adolescent interactions as well as the relationship between the adolescent and the society. Lastly, some of the ways in which this knowledge can be useful clinically were discussed, along with approaches to working successfully with teenagers and making their care a most enjoyable and rewarding part of clinical practice.