冷疗设备的填充式绝热液氮存贮器

本文介绍了一种低温治疗设备内的液氮存贮器，根据临床应用的实际情况，该存贮器采用填充式绝热方式，这样既满足了使用要求，又克服了真空绝热的一系列困难，文章分析了这种结构的传热过程，为绝热材料的选择和绝热层厚度提供了依据，最后还对这种液氮存贮器试验结果作了分析。     

3种局部用药治疗急性智齿冠周炎的临床疗效比较

目的比较3种局部用药治疗急性智齿冠周炎的临床效果,从而选择更好的治疗智齿冠周炎的药物。方法164例急性智齿冠周炎随机分成3组,分别用奥硝唑、甲硝唑以及常规基础方法治疗．3d后观察疗效。结果奥硝唑组与对照组比较,P〈0.01,甲硝唑组与对照组比较,P〈0．05,奥硝唑组与甲硝唑纽比较,P〈0．05,均有统计学意义。结论奥硝唑局部治疗急性智齿冠周炎的疗效最好,甲硝唑次之     

癫痫患者免疫状态的探讨

本文观察了７０例癫痫（ＥＰ）患者的免疫状态，首次检测了Ｂ淋巴细胞亚群，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ及ＴＮＦ，对各项免疫学指标进行了对比研究，发现ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＭ含量明显降低，ＣＩＣ含量明显增高（Ｐ＜０．０１），Ｃ３明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５），显示患者体液免疫功能低下；淋巴细胞亚群测定发现ＣＤ３＾＋，ＣＤ４＾＋明显降低，ＣＤ８＾＋明显增高，ＣＤ４＾＋／ＣＤ８＾＋比值明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），表明细胞免疫功能低下；     

大肠癌患者免疫状态的研究进展

大肠癌患者细胞免疫功能低下,临床分期越晚,表现越明显。临床上可通过外源性免疫调节剂达到抗肿瘤作用,但患者免疫应答存在个体差异,且与肿瘤的免疫逃逸机制相关。如何增强患者免疫功能,提高大肠癌免疫治疗效果,是今后肿瘤治疗研究的热点问题。测定患者外周血多项免疫指标,对手术治疗、术后免疫增强治疗、病情判断及预后都具有一定的临床意义。     

高效抗病毒治疗促使艾滋病患者免疫功能重建

艾滋病的特征是ＨＩＶ 1感染人体后 ,造成ＣＤ4 +Ｔ淋巴细胞数量进行性减少、细胞免疫功能损害 ,最后导致艾滋病 (ＡＩＤＳ)。先前的研究表明这种免疫功能的丧失是不可逆转的 ,抗ＨＩＶ病毒治疗仅能控制或减缓其进展。近年来 ,由于强效联合抗病毒治疗 (ＨＡＡＲＴ)的应用 ,艾滋病的发病率和死亡率均较前明显下降 (指西方国家 )。说明ＨＡＡＲＴ不仅能有效的控制ＨＩＶ 1的复制 ,并能使艾滋病病人的免疫功能得到恢复。这种ＨＡＡＲＴ使艾滋病病人免疫功能重建的假说最近被一组法国研究人员证实 ,艾滋病的免疫重建规律是 :(1)治疗早期ＣＤ4 +…     

寻常疣CO2激光疗法和液氮冷冻法的比较

本文报道用ＣＯ２激光治疗寻常疣１８４例，和液氮冷冻治疗寻常疣１４８例的疗效比较，治愈率分别为９８．５％和７５％，有非常显著性差异，说明ＣＯ２激光疗法明显优于液氮冷冻疗法。     

632 nm氦-氖激光治疗智齿冠周炎的研究

目的 通过临床试验,验证632 nm氦-氖红色激光对智齿冠周炎的镇痛效果和临床疗效.方法 选择下颌第3磨牙冠周炎患者75例,随机分为实验组和对照组.2组均采用局部常规治疗后,实验组用氦-氖激光局部照射15 min/d;对照组不再采取其他治疗.治疗后3、7d采用疼痛3度记分法记录消炎镇痛情况,并对2种治疗方法的效果进行综合评价.结果 治疗后3d,实验组78.9％患者疼痛消失,对照组51.4％患者疼痛消失;治疗后7d,实验组97.4％的患者疼痛消失,对照组91.9％的患者疼痛消失.治疗后3、7d,2组间疗效对比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 氦-氖激光在治疗智齿冠周炎上具有明显的消炎镇痛效果.     

肿瘤局部热疗与抗肿瘤免疫

近年来,随着热生物学和热物理学的不断发展以及加温、测温、控温等方法的不断改进,热疗有了较快的发展,有望成为继手术、放疗、化疗和生物治疗后又一重要的肿瘤治疗手段.研究表明,局部的热疗不仅通过加温杀死肿瘤细胞,而且还能诱导机体产生抗肿瘤免疫,本文就局部热疗与抗肿瘤免疫的机理及其应用加以综述.     

液氮冷冻“祛障穴”治疗白内障的超微结构的实验研究

目的 电镜研究用液氮冷冻眼球穴位治疗白内障的超微结构。方法 先用亚硒酸钠注射于SD大白鼠皮下深层内形成晶状体混浊的动物模型；再用液氮冷冻眼球“祛障穴”治疗1疗程；分别观察正常组、治疗组和对照组晶状体中的超微结构。结果 用液氮冷冻眼球的“祛障穴”治疗后的晶状体超微结构。与正常对照的透明晶状体基本相同，除残留少许混浊时的结构变化；部分皮质结构紊乱或模糊，无混浊晶状体的紊乱的颗粒结构。结论 用液氮冷冻眼球“祛障穴”治疗白内障后。其超微结构向透明结构发生转化。     

急性脑梗塞患者红细胞免疫功能变化对红细胞变形性的影响

本文测定了41例急性脑梗塞患者红细胞滤过指数(RBC-IF)、红细胞C_3b花环率(RBC-C_3bRR)和红细胞免疫复合物花环率(RBC-ICR),观察红细胞免疫粘附(RCIA)功能变化对红细胞变形性(RCD)的影响。结果显示脑梗塞患者RBC-IF增高,RBC-C_3bRR下降,RBC-ICR上升,表明脑梗塞患者RCD和红细胞免疫粘附功能下降。且RBC随着RCIA功能下降其变形能力也有所降低。提示脑梗塞时RBC免疫功能改变也是影响RCD的因素之一。     

Immune Dysregulation in Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis

To investigate patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) by dynamic levels of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines and endotoxin (ET) in plasma and the relationship between immunity and infection, organ dysfunction. Seventy-two patients with SAP were recruited. The ET, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) were determined on admission and days 3, 7, and 14. For comparison, patients were analyzed through infection group versus non-infection group, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) group versus non-MODS group. There were sixteen patients with secondary infection, twenty-two with MODS, and nine deaths. The infection group had higher levels of ET than the non-infection group on days 3 and 7. The dynamic cytokine levels of patients in the MODS group were unanimous with those outcomes in the infection group. The levels of cytokines in the infection group were different from the non-infection group, with more levels of TNF-α, IL-6 on days 3 and 7 and less on days 14, and more levels of IL-10, IL-4 on days7 and 14. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6 in the MODS group were different from the non-MODS group, with more levels on days 3 and 7, and less levels on days 14. Immune dysregulation may play an important role in infection and organ dysfunction for patients with SAP.     

四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠的细胞免疫状态的研究

以四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为模型探讨了细胞免疫状态的变化。结果显示,四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠脾淋巴细胞DNA合成减少,IL-2产生降低。自然杀伤活性细胞功能减弱,表现为体内YAC-1细胞清除速率延缓。将糖尿病鼠脾淋巴细胞悬浮于含一定量胰岛素的培养液内,其细胞增殖应答活性明显升高,IL-2产生显著增多。提示胰岛素可能是一种重要的免疫调节激素。     

慢性肝病患者免疫状态对HBV血清学标志物表达模式的影响

目的探讨慢性肝病患者免疫状态对乙肝病毒血清学标志物（HBVM）表达模式的影响。方法以确诊的慢性肝病患者包括慢性病毒性乙型肝炎轻、中、重度、慢性重型乙型肝炎、肝炎肝硬化和原发性肝细胞癌患者作为研究对象,采用ELISA法对研究对象的乙肝病毒血清学标志物（HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb和HBcAb）、IL-2、IL-10进行检测,采用流式细胞仪进行CD4＋、CD8＋T细胞分析,应用两样本均数比较的统计学方法进行统计学分析。结果慢性肝病患者共有3种HBVM表达模式：大三阳（HBsAg、HBeAg和HBcAb阳性）、小三阳（HBsAg、HBeAb和HBcAb阳性）和小二阳（HBsAg和HBcAb阳性）模式。大三阳、小三阳和小二阳表达模式的阳性率分别为31.09%、57.14%和11.77%;小三阳表达模式组的CD8＋细胞显著低于大三阳表达模式组（P〈0.05）,其余各组间的IL-2、IL-10、CD4＋、CD8＋T细胞水平虽有差别但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论慢性肝病患者小三阳表达模式多见;患者血中CD8＋细胞水平低可能有助于慢性肝病患者HBVM小三阳模式的表达,反之可能有助于HBVM大三阳模式的表达。     

急性丙型肝炎患者免疫状况的研究

用间接免疫荧光法、酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）及ＬＤＨ释法，对１６例急性输血后丙型肝炎（抗－ＨＣＶ、ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ均阳性）患者，分别进行外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）的Ｔ细胞亚群计数、Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值、Ｔａｃ受体的检测及血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）ＮＫ细胞活性的测定。并与正常人组比较，经ｔ检验发现，急性丙型肝炎患者的Ｔ４亚群所占百分比、Ｔ４／Ｔ８比值及ＰＢＭＣＴａｃ受体表达均明显低于正常人组（Ｐ＜０．０５），而ＮＫ细胞活性、血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ明显高于正常人组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。患者的这些免疫状态改变，可能对其发病机理的研究有一定意义。     

肿瘤患者的心理社会因素与免疫功能的测定

目的：探讨肿瘤病人的心理社会因素与免疫功能的相关性。方法：用病例对照和多因素统计分析方法，对37例肿瘤病人和37例非肿瘤病人进行了心理社会因素调查并检测其免疫功能，分析其间的相互关系。结果：肿瘤病人与非肿瘤病人相比免疫功能明显减退，主要表现为IgM、CD16^ 水平的减少（P＜0．01），肿瘤病人的IgM、CD3^ 与负性生活事件、社会支持、抑郁情绪等因素相关。结论：肿瘤病人的免疫功能低下主要表现在IgM，CD16^ 水平的减少。负性生活事件、社会支持、情绪抑郁等心理社会因素对肿瘤病人的免疫功能影响较大。     

慢性支气管炎病人免疫状态的研究

本文对１６例慢性支气管炎病人的粘膜分泌性ＩｇＡ免疫，细胞免疫和体液免疫状态与２１例正常人进行了对照研究，结果显示：慢性支气管炎病人的唾液ＳＩｇＡ与总ＩｇＡ含量、外周血淋巴细胞ＰＷＭ刺激培养上清液中ＩｇＡ与ＩｇＭ含量，血清ＩｇＧ与ＩｇＭ含量，以及外周血ＣＤ３＾＋与ＣＤ８＾＋Ｔ淋巴细胞数目均较正常人明显降低，而患者鼻分泌液中ＳＩｇＡ、ＩｇＡ与总ＩｇＡ含量，外周血ＩＬ－２Ｒ＾＋Ｔ细胞数目均较正常增加。     

Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Immune Status in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

In order to have a better understanding of the clinical significance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, circulating and secretory antibodies were measured. Of 100 patients diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis (CF) and an atypical mucoid P. aeruginosa cultured from their sputum, each possessed serum precipitins. These immunoprecipitates, however, were not detected in the sera of 40 CF patients, some of whom were chronically ill with pulmonary colonization by typically rough-smooth strains of P. aeruginosa. The sera of 46 CF patients and 27 CF patient parents not colonized by P. aeruginosa were negative for the precipitins. The sera from 15 of 45 chronically ill patients not having CF, however, but harboring P. aeruginosa, also possessed serum precipitins. The sera from 85 subjects not having CF and not clinically infected with P. aeruginosa were negative for precipitins. Serum hemagglutination titers as high as 1:4096 were measured in older CF patients having advanced pulmonary disease and who were infected with mucoid P. aeruginosa. Salivary titers ranged from 1:8 to 1:64. Increased levels of both circulating and secretory antibodies of the immunoglobulin A and G classes were demonstrated in patients with CF. Once a patient with CF becomes colonized with P. aeruginosa a process of conversion from the rough and smooth forms to the mucoid form is almost inevitable. Although the mucoid form predominates in the sputum, intermediates of the various colony types are often present. Serum precipitins were demonstrable only after the appearance of mucoid strains in the sputum of patients with CF. Although antibiotics tend to reduce the number of mucoid microorganisms, they are rarely, if ever, eradicated from these patients'' lungs. Recurrent episodes of servere pulmonary infection and the evidence of increasing antibody formation to mucoid strains indicates the invasiveness of these particular strains.     

High-Dose Dexamethasone Inhibits BAFF Expression in Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenia

Introduction  B-cell activating factor belonging to the TNF family (BAFF) is elevated in several autoimmune diseases including immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). High-dose dexamethasone (HD-DXM) has shown its clinical efficacy in ITP patients. Materials and Methods  The plasma BAFF concentration and BAFF mRNA were measured in ITP patients before and after oral administration of 40 mg/day DXM for four consecutive days by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time quantitative PCR. Moreover, we evaluated the effects of DXM on BAFF expression and proliferation of lymphocytes by ELISA, real-time quantitative PCR and cell proliferation respectively in in vitro experiment. Results  Both plasma BAFF concentration and BAFF mRNA were significantly increased in active ITP patients at pretherapy when compared with controls (P < 0.001). After 4-day treatment with HD-DXM, the BAFF and BAFF mRNA were decreased, and lower than that for controls. In in vitro assays, we found DXM-inhibited BAFF, IFN-γ expression, and the proliferation of lymphocytes in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion  These results suggest that BAFF expression is increased in ITP patients with active disease, and DXM is an effective inhibitor of BAFF production. As immunosuppressant, DXM may play its role in ITP treatment partly through regulating BAFF expression. Xiao-juan Zhu, Yan Shi, and Jian-zhi Sun contributed equally to this work.     

原发性肝癌和慢性肝病血清HBsAg特异性免疫复合物的检测比较

采用捕捉法ELISA,检测31例HBV感染指标阳性的原发性肝癌患者血清四类HBsAg特异性免疫复合物。结果表明,各类的阳性率均非常显著低于慢性活动性乙肝和乙肝后肝硬化,而与慢性迁延性乙肝无明显差异。提示患者的免疫抑制程度与慢迁肝基本一致。