Perioperative myocardial infarction secondary to dynamic circumflex coronary artery occlusion after mitral valve repair

Few reported cases document injury to the circumflex coronary artery secondary to repair of the mitral valve annulus. This potentially life-threatening sequela must be considered during mitral valve repair. In an effort to increase awareness of this sequela, we present the case of a patient who experienced a perioperative myocardial infarction secondary to injury of the circumflex coronary artery after mitral valve repair.     

Percutaneous coronary intervention for iatrogenic occlusion of the circumflex artery after mitral anuloplasty

We describe a patient with obstruction of the dominant circumflex artery after surgical repair of the mitral valve, repaired successfully with percutaneous coronary intervention during the immediate postoperative period. We discuss the etiology, prevention and management of this complication with special emphasis on percutaneous intervention.     

Left circumflex coronary artery bridging

Myocardial bridging most frequently occurs on the left anterior descending coronary artery and may cause ischemia and related complications. Right coronary artery myocardial bridges (MB) are rare. We report a patient with an unusual coronary bridge, a left circumflex coronary artery bridge, who presented with exercise-induced angina pectoris that was relieved with medical therapy.     

Myocardial infarction caused by compression of anomalous circumflex coronary artery after mitral valve replacement

We report a case of myocardial infarction after mitral valve replacement occurring in a patient with the left cyrcumflex coronary artery arising from the right one. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement with a size 27 Carbomedics prosthesis and a tricuspidal annuloplasty was performed according to the De Vega technique. Patient died on the 20th postoperative day.     

Acute occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery during mitral isthmus linear ablation

Occlusion of LCX During RF Catheter Ablation. We report a case of acute occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery during catheter ablation in the coronary sinus to complete the linear lesion between the postero-lateral mitral annulus and the left inferior pulmonary vein for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.     

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after coronary artery bypass and valve replacement for post-infarction mitral regurgitation

Most left ventricular inferior wall aneurysms are classified as false, and they have a narrow neck and exhibit rapid flow. Inferior wall pseudoaneurysms that develop soon after primary percutaneous intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting for acute myocardial infarction are rare. We report the case of a 64-year-old man who had a wide-necked left ventricular inferior wall pseudoaneurysm that developed soon after surgery for an acute myocardial infarction and post-infarction mitral regurgitation that occurred as a mechanical complication. The surgery consisted of coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve replacement. After the surgery, congestive heart failure developed. At reoperation, we found a large pseudoaneurysm that had caused tearing of the chordae tendineae of the posterior mitral leaflet and scarring around the inferior wall defect. The inferior wall defect had formed the wide neck of the left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. We excised the pseudoaneurysm and the scar tissue and attached a small patch to the defect such that it decreased the left ventricular dimension. Our patient survived the surgery and recovered completely. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, left ventricular pseudoaneurysms can occur soon after coronary artery bypass grafting and surgery for a complication such as mitral valve regurgitation. When a large portion of the left ventricular wall is infarcted and its removal would create a smaller cavity with compromised output, we recommend ventricular reconstruction by patch placement.     

Left internal mammary-to-left circumflex coronary artery collateral pathway in a patient with occluded left circumflex artery

A unique case of left internal mammary artery-to-circumflex coronary artery collateral pathway, which was conceivably encouraged to develop by coronary occlusion. The pathway provided sufficient collateral perfusion to preserve the local myocardial performance.     

Left main coronary artery occlusion

Patients with complete occlusion of the left main coronary artery are candidates for massive myocardial infarction and sudden death and are thought to have a uniformly poor prognosis. Complete occlusion of the left main coronary artery was identified in 2 male patients among 2,546 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization over a period of 14.5 years in our institution. Both patients had angina pectoris. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was markedly elevated in one, and the ejection fraction was moderately to markedly reduced in both. Significant collateral flow to the left coronary system from the right coronary artery was present in both patients. Our study supports previous reports that left main coronary artery occlusion is rarely encountered during cardiac catheterization.     

Left atrial myxoma causing severe mitral valve occlusion

Myxoma is the most frequent cardiac tumor. We report a case of a young woman in whom a left atrial myxoma produced obstruction of the mitral valve and had to be removed during pregnancy.     

Left circumflex coronary artery to left atrial fistula in a patient with mitral stenosis: Invasive and noninvasive findings with pathophysiologic correlation

We report a case of an angiographically documented fistula between the circumflex coronary artery and a left atrial appendage thrombus in a patient with mitral stenosis, flow from which can be demonstrated solely by a color doppler transesophageal echocardiogram. Evaluation of catheter derived hemodynamics and angiographic flow patterns reveals a heretofore undescribed physiologic property of coronary to atrial shunts in patients with mitral stenosis. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Complete occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery after radiofrequency catheter ablation in an infant

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of a left lateral accessory atrioventricular pathway was performed in a 5-week-old infant with drug-refractory supraventricular tachycardia. Energy application via a 5-French mapping and ablation catheter in the temperature-controlled mode (60 degrees C, 30 W) at the atrial aspect of the mitral valve annulus repeatedly resulted in termination of the tachycardia by conduction block within the pathway. Tachycardia remained inducible subsequently. After a safety energy application during sinus rhythm, significant ST-segment elevation in the inferior, mid precordial, and left lateral leads was noted. Selective left coronary angiography revealed complete occlusion of the circumflex coronary artery. Moderate-to-severe mitral valve regurgitation developed, finally requiring mitral valve replacement.     

Left circumflex artery injury postmitral valve surgery,single center experience

The left circumflex (LCX) artery is located close to the mitral valve (MV), making it susceptible to injury during MV surgery. We are reporting our experience in the diagnosis and management of this complication. We retrospectively reviewed our surgical and coronary angiography databases for patients with documented LCX artery injury during MV surgery between January 2000 and December 2016. The complication was associated with MV replacement (9/1313, 0.7%) but not MV repair (0/393, 0.0%). Eight patients (88.9%) were female and the mean age was 40.4?±?14.2?years. There was roughly similar distribution of left and right dominant coronary circulations (5 and 4 patients, respectively). Eight patients (88.9%) had ischemic changes on electrocardiogram and ventricular arrhythmias were documented on six patients (66.7%). Three patients (33.3%) were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention while six patients (66.7%) required redo surgery to graft the LCX artery. The 30-day mortality was high (33.3%). A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose this injury. At the moment, no consensus is available on the optimal treatment strategy. We propose percutaneous approach as the first option to spare the patients from undergoing open-heart surgery for the second time.     

右冠状动脉与左回旋支闭塞心肌梗死患者的临床对比分析

目的:对比分析右冠状动脉(RCA)与左回旋支(LCX)闭塞的急性下壁心肌梗死患者的心电图特征、心功能和预后。方法:90例首次急性下壁心肌梗死患者,进行常规心电图及冠状动脉造影。RCA闭塞组(RCA组)63例,LCX闭塞组(LCX组)27例,所有患者均在发病24 h内行直接冠状动脉介入术。术后2周行99mTc-MI-BI心肌灌注断层显像测定心肌梗死面积,并行心血池显像测定左室射血分数(LVEF)。观察住院期间心律失常、心力衰竭或心源性休克的发生率及病死率。结果:①RCA组下壁并右室梗死的发生率显著高于LCX组(P<0.01),而并发侧壁梗死的发生率显著低于LCX组(P<0.01)。②RCA组Ⅲst↑>Ⅱst↑及aVL st↓>Ⅰst↓的发生率也显著高于LCX组(P<0.01)。③RCA组肌酸激酶同工酶峰值及心肌梗死面积均大于LCX组(P<0.05)。④RCA组LVEF低于LCX组(P<0.05)。结论:RCA闭塞较LCX闭塞的急性下壁心肌梗死患者心肌梗死面积大,心功能和预后差。