The influence of coronary artery bypass grafting to totally occluded coronary arteries on the left ventricular contractility

Sixteen patients underwent 16 coronary artery bypass grafts (CABG) to totally occluded coronary arteries (TOCA), including 12 left anterior descending coronary arteries (LAD) and 4 right coronary arteries (RCA). Of these 16 CABGs, 2 of the RCA grafts became obstructed postoperatively and the remaining 14 patients with patent grafts were divided into the two following groups: 8 with previous infarcts in the region perfused by the TOCA (Group I) and 6 with no previous infarcts (Group II). The left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and the mean verocity of circumferential fiber shortening significantly increased postoperatively in both groups and the PLVSP/LVESV significantly increased postoperatively in Group II. The LV segmental wall motion (SWM) in the region of TOCA significantly increased postoperatively in both groups. In 5 of the Group I patients, whose anterior and apical SWM was less than the lowest value of the normal subjects, the anterior and apical SWM significantly increased postoperatively. We thus concluded that CABG to totally occluded LAD results in an excellent graft patency rate, a significant improvement of SWM in the region of the TOCA and global LV contractility, even in patients with severe segmental dysfunction due to previous infarcts.     

胸腔镜辅助与前正中开胸非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术乳内动脉桥猪模型的对比研究

目的建立一种能模拟胸腔镜辅助非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术乳内动脉桥的家猪模型,与前正中开胸手术进行对比研究。方法 16头家猪,随机分为2组,VACAB组为胸腔镜辅助组,采用胸腔镜辅助的方法行非体外循环下左乳内动脉-前降支(LIMA-LAD)旁路移植术,MTCAB组为前正中开胸组,采用前正中开胸的方法行非体外循环下左乳内动脉-前降支旁路移植术。比较两组手术时间、左乳内动脉(LIMA)游离时间,LIMA-LAD吻合时间,和不同时间点的血液监测指标:肌酸磷酸激酶(CK)、磷酸肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)。结果 VACAB组的手术时间、LIMA游离时间及LIMA-LAD吻合时间均较开胸组延长,且差异具有统计学意义。两组动物LIMA桥流量差异无统计学意义。两组之间CK、CK-MB、cTnI的差异无统计学意义。结论电视胸腔镜辅助非体外循环下冠状动脉旁路移植术是一种现实可行、效果良好的微创手术,采用动物模型进行VACAB训练有助于临床实践。     

Augmentation of coronary bypass graft flow induced by dipyridamole and its relation to bypass graft patency

To evaluate the effect of dipyridamole on coronary bypass graft flow, 10 mg of dipyridamole was injected intravenously, during the measurement of graft flow, at the time of surgery. Its concentration in serum was measured and compared with that after oral administration. In 50 individual vein grafts performed on 35 patients, graft flow increased from 65 ±37 to 96±55 ml/min (p<0.001) after the dipyridamole injection and the arterial pressure decreased slightly. In 40 grafts whose graft flow was increased by more than 10 ml/min by dipyridamole, the patency rate (at 5 weeks) was 98 per cent, whereas that of the 10 other grafts, which responded poorly, was only 50 per cent (p<0.01). The serum concentration of dipyridamole, 3 minutes after intravenous injection, was 1.46±0.68 μg/ml, while the level of orally administrated dipyridamole, in 3 groups of patients who were given 50 mg, 75 mg and 100 mg, three times a day, respectively, was steady, being 0.68±0.20 μg/ml, 1.43±0.41 μg/ml and 1.73±0.50 μg/ml, 2 hours following ingestion. We concluded that intravenous dipyridamole increases the graft flow and that a better patency is obtained in those grafts in which the graft flow is increased by more than 10 ml/min. It is also expected that routine doses of oral dipyridamole possibly increase the graft flow after coronary bypass surgery. This paper was presented at the Xth World Congress of Cardiology held in Washington DC, USA, September 14–19, 1986     

The spectrum of clinical manifestation of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery and surgical management.

Intercoronary collaterals play a major role in determining whether patients with the symptoms of anomalous left coronary artery will suffer infarction early in life with resultant complications or will survive to an older age before becoming symptomatic with angina. We believe that the definitive surgical treatment should be performed at the earliest age possible to avoid further damage to myocardial muscle.