Primary closure of the common bile duct in open laparotomy for common bile duct stones

It is common these days to treat common bile duct (CBD) stones using endoscopic techniques. However, severe complications sometimes lead to death despite the great benefit of these techniques. If the patient has many and/or large stones, it can take considerable time for duct clearance, and this is associated with high costs. Therefore, we do not hesitate to choose surgical procedures when necessary. In this study, our aim was to evaluate the usefulness of primary closure of the CBD in open laparotomy for CBD stones. Thirty-four patients with CBD stones were operated on by open laparotomy; primary closure was done in 17 patients (group PC), and T-tube insertion was done in 17 (group TT). We compared the patients' medical records, clinical features, laboratory data, complications, and postoperative hospital admission days. There were no significant intergroup differences in patients' medical records, clinical features, or laboratory data, except for the number of CBD stones. There were no differences in complications. All complications were minor and needed no extra care. The number of postoperative hospital admission days showed a significant difference: 18.3 days in group PC and 31.5 in group TT. There are so many methods to treat CBD stones now that the selection of the procedure can be important for the patient's benefit. We prefer primary closure, to get better quality of life postoperatively and to avoid further operations and any severe complications.     

A common bile duct web in association with common bile duct stone]

Webs are diagnosed by their characteristic appearance on imaging studies, typically appearing as thin, radiolucent rings with or without dilatation of the organ proximal to it. Like in other organs, the etiology of webs in the common bile duct is controversial. Some webs are thought to be congenital, whereas others occur in the presence of chronic inflammation, suggesting a pathogenic relationship. We report a case of a common bile duct septum in association with numerous large black pigment stones in a 62-year-old woman. The patient was treated by cholecystectomy with T-tube insertion.     

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胆总管结石是常见病、多发病,传统的治疗方法有溶石、碎石、排石、开腹胆总管切开取石等。1974年,德国的Classen等及日本的Kawai分别报道了内镜下乳头括约肌切开和胆总管取石技术,从此内镜治疗逐渐成为胆总管结石的主要治疗方法。1987年Mouret完成第1例腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC),使     

腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术

目的 探讨腹腔镜胆总管切开探查手术的方法与优缺点。方法 选择胆管结石或胆道蛔虫患行腹腔镜胆总管切开探查术。结果 50例患中48例术中取出直径为0．6-2．9cm的结石1-11枚、2例患术中取出死蛔虫1、2条,有6例患因结石嵌顿或取石网故障,术中无法取净结石,其中2例肋缘下作一6cm小切口开腹取净、4例术后经T管窦道取净结石,1例患中转开腹止血。手术时间117．2(45-180)min,术后6．8(3-12)d出院,30例患置T管引流。未置T管直接缝合胆总管20例,1例出现轻度胆汁渗漏。结论 腹腔镜胆总管切开探查取石术是安全的,患术后痛苦小,恢复快、住院期短,部分患不置T管直接缝合胆总管更加体现微创效果。     

Asymptomatic common bile duct stones

Patients with asymptomatic bile duct stones exhibit typical signs, such as elevated liver function tests, dilated bile ducts on ultrasound, a history of jaundice, or pancreatitis. The incidence of asymptomatic bile duct stones is about 10%, but up to 2% of patients show no signs of the disease. Bile duct stones can be diagnosed by using clinical judgement, scoring systems, or discriminant function tests. Which diagnostic modality is most reliable, cost-effective and safe, varies with different hospitals. Which therapy is most effective, safe and the cheapest also varies with different departments, but in the future an increasing number of departments will use the one-stage laparoscopic approach.     

Histopathology of the common bile duct in choledocholithiasis

The histology of the common bile duct was studied in 45 patients with choledocholithiasis and/or papillitis and compared with a control group of ten cadavers without hepatic or biliary disease. Choledochitis was diagnosed in 44. Only one patient presented a histologically normal duct. The inflammatory process was characterized by proliferation of connective tissue and loss of elastic fibers, cellular infiltration of lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and atrophic dilatation or hyperplasic glandular changes. Choledochitis was divided in two types: chronic and acute-chronic, and according to the intensity of the inflammatory process was also classified in slight, moderate or severe. No correlation was found between choledocholithiasis and/or papillitis and type and intensity of choledochitis.