784例子宫平滑肌肿瘤临床与病理分析

目的探讨子宫平滑肌肿瘤临床病理特征。方法对784例子宫平滑肌肿瘤的临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果①子宫平滑肌肿瘤发生的最大年龄67岁,最小年龄23岁,平均年龄44.5岁,高发年龄41～50岁。②子宫平滑肌肿瘤可同时与子宫内膜增生、腺肌病、卵巢各种囊肿及多种良恶性病变并存。③在784例子宫平滑肌肿瘤中,普通平滑肌瘤761例,不能确定恶性潜能的平滑肌肿瘤22例,平滑肌肉瘤1例。结论①子宫平滑肌瘤常见,可同时与子宫、卵巢各种良恶性病变并存。②核分裂数是诊断良恶性子宫平滑肌肿瘤的重要指标,但不是唯一指标,应综合细胞异型性、边缘浸润、临床资料而作出诊断。     

子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌肿瘤43例临床病理分析

目的:探讨子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌肿瘤的临床病理特征。方法:对43例子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌肿瘤患者临床病理资料进行回顾性分析。结果:①子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌肿瘤发生的最大年龄71岁,最小年龄26岁,平均年龄43.2岁,高发年龄41~50岁。②子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌肿瘤可同时与妊娠、子宫内膜增生、腺肌病、卵巢各种囊肿及多种良恶性病变并存。③在43例子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌肿瘤中,普通平滑肌瘤29例,恶性潜能未定的平滑肌肿瘤8例,平滑肌肉瘤6例。结论:①子宫伴有坏死的平滑肌瘤相对常见,可同时与子宫、卵巢各种良恶性病变并存。②核分裂数、坏死是诊断良恶性子宫平滑肌肿瘤的重要指标,但不是唯一指标,应综合细胞异型性、边缘浸润、免疫组化结果、临床资料而作出诊断。     

376例子宫平滑肌肿瘤的病理分析及其临床诊断

目的探讨如何有效地对子宫平滑肌肿瘤进行临床分析及诊断。方法本文对376例子宫平滑肌肿瘤临床病理资料进行分析。结果 376例年龄最大75岁,最小25岁,其中平滑肌瘤354例（94.1%）,平滑肌肉瘤2例（0.5%）,恶性潜能未定20例（5.4%）。结论对于子宫平滑肌肿瘤的诊断,单纯以核分裂计数作为诊断良恶性的标准不可取,应结合临床、全面观察、综合分析,做出准确的诊断。     

459例子宫平滑肌肿瘤临床病理分析

目的分析于宫平滑肌肿瘤病理特征。方法对459例子宫平滑肌肿瘤标本石蜡包埋、HE染色,光镜检查。结果459例中,肌壁间肌瘤378例（82.35％）,黏膜下肌瘤48例（10．46％）,浆膜下肌瘤33例（7．19％）;其中单发性肌瘤230例（50．11％）,多发性肌瘤229例（49．89％）;平滑肌瘤431例（93．90％）,恶性潜能未定的平滑肌瘤27例（5．88％）。平滑肌肉瘤仅1例（0．22％）。结论子宫平滑肌肿瘤是妇科最常见的肿瘤,高发年龄为41～50岁,主要以良性为主。病因和发病机制目前尚不清楚,资料显示,与雌激素、孕激素及各种生长因子有关。交界性平滑肌瘤诊断困难,与病理因素、临床因素有关。核分裂象虽是判断良、恶性的一项重要指标,但还应结合临床因素综合分析,作出正确的诊断。     

子宫内间质肉瘤7例临床病理分析

本文对６例子宫内膜间质肉瘤，１例间质结节观察，平均发病年龄３７岁，临床多误诊为平滑肌瘤，肿瘤表现出种块状、息肉状、浸润状多种病理大体形态，核分裂相多少与病变程度不一致，所以，核分裂相不能作为单一诊断恶性程度指标，免疫组织化学染色７例Ｖｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ阳性结果。４例ＭＳＡ阳性结果，说明该瘤有向平滑肌分化趋势，３例病例肿瘤组织中伴有卵巢怀索样结构。     

298例子宫平滑肌瘤临床病理分析

目的 研究子宫平滑肌瘤的发病年龄、发病部位、病因、组织学分型,探讨其病理诊断标准.方法 回顾性分析298例子宫平滑肌瘤的临床资料和组织病理学特点.结果 所有病例中肌壁间肿瘤多见,浆膜下及粘膜下少见,发病高峰年龄为40~50岁.良性平滑肌瘤最为多见,平滑肌肉瘤极其少见,另有少数具有恶性倾向的子宫平滑肌瘤.结论 子宫平滑肌瘤的良恶性诊断关系到患者的治疗和预后,临床病理分析极其重要.     

MRI在卵巢囊性病变诊断中的临床应用

目的探讨MRI对卵巢囊性病变的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析经手术、病理证实,有完整临床、病理和MRI检查资料的46例卵巢囊性病变。结果46例卵巢囊性病变中,良性35例共39个病灶,恶性11例共12个病灶。良性35例39个病灶中卵巢囊肿13个,其中合并蒂扭转1个,巧克力囊肿2个,囊性畸胎瘤6个,粘液性囊腺瘤12个,浆液性囊腺瘤5个,卵泡膜瘤伴粘液囊变1个;恶性12个病灶中粘液性囊腺癌8个,浆液性囊腺癌4个,其中粘液性囊腺癌合并乙状结肠癌1例。结论MRI在卵巢囊性病变及良、恶性的鉴别诊断中具有重要的诊断价值：①MRI有良好的组织对比分辨率,对畸胎瘤、卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿、卵巢囊肿、囊腺瘤、囊腺癌等病变可以作出定性诊断;②MRI能准确显示卵巢囊性肿块的大小、形态和侵及范围,有助于定性诊断和区分肿瘤的良恶性。     

子宫内膜间质肉瘤7例临床病理分析

本文对6例子宫内膜间质肉瘤,1例间质结书观察,平均发病年龄37岁,临床多误诊为平滑肌瘤,肿瘤表现出肿块状、息肉状、浸润状多种病理大体形态,核分裂相多少与病变程度不一致,所以,核分裂相不能作为单一诊断恶性程度指标,免疫组织化学染色7例Vi－mentin阳性结果。4例MSA阳性结果,说明该肿瘤有向平滑肌分化趋势,3例病例肿瘤组织中伴有卵巢性索样结构。     

卵巢肿瘤的超声诊断与手术病理对照分析

卵巢肿瘤是妇科常见肿瘤，卵巢癌发病率在妇科恶性肿瘤中仅次子宫颈癌和宫体癌，居第三位，但死亡率却居妇科肿瘤之首。因此，提高超声对卵巢肿瘤的诊断，尤其良、恶性的鉴别至关重要。为了较系统地探讨B超对卵巢瘤的诊断价值，我们对63例病理证实的卵巢肿瘤做了B超一病理对照总结，以期提高卵巢肿瘤的诊断水平。临床资料63例卵巢肿瘤中最小年龄15岁，最大年龄67岁，平均为42．6岁。超声诊断与最后诊断肿瘤的物理性质的符合率为96．8％（表1），良、恶性符合率为88．9％（表2）。结果讨论一、应用B据初步推测卵巢肿瘤种类及性质：利用声像…     

子宫平滑肌肉瘤111例的长期随访

目的探讨影响子宫平滑肌肉瘤预后的各种临床病理因素。方法应用ＳＡＳ软件，作ＣＯＸ模型的危险度分析，共回顾分析了１１１例子宫平滑肌肉瘤的临床、病理资料及随访结果。结果患者年龄越大、临床－手术分期越晚，预后越差；病理诊断为子宫平滑肌肉瘤的比低度恶性平滑肌肉瘤和平滑肌肉瘤瘤变的预后明显为差。结论子宫平滑肌肉瘤的预后与患者年龄、临床－手术分期及病理诊断是否为平滑肌肉瘤有关。对于年轻患者，临床－手术分期为Ⅰ期，肿瘤局限，无弥漫性浸润者，具有保留附件的可能性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.