利巴韦林注射液与3种常用输液的配伍稳定性

目的 研究室温6小时内利巴韦林注射液与5％葡萄糖注射液、0．9％氯化钠注射液和复方葡萄糖氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性，为临床用药提供科学依据。方法 采用反相高效液相色谱法测定利巴韦林注射液与3钟输液配伍后，6小时内利巴韦林的含量及有关物质，同时考察配伍液的外观和pH值。结果 在室温条件下，利巴韦林与上述3种输液配伍6小时后，外观、pH值、含量和有关物质均无明显变化。结论 利巴韦林注射液可与5％葡萄糖注射液、0．9％氯化钠注射液和复方葡萄糖氯化钠注射液配伍使用。     

注射用赖氨匹林与4种抗病毒药的配伍稳定性考察

目的:考察注射用赖氨匹林分别与抗病毒药阿昔洛韦、穿琥宁、炎琥宁、利巴韦林在0.9%氯化钠注射液中的配伍稳定性。方法:采用紫外分光光度法考察各配伍液在室温条件下(15~25℃)配伍0~6h内吸收曲线、含量变化(%)、测定各配伍液的pH值并观察外观变化。结果:注射用赖氨匹林在0.9%氯化钠注射液中分别与以上4种药物配伍,在0~6h内药物pH值、外观、紫外吸收光谱及含量(%)无明显变化,结论:注射用赖氨匹林与上述4种抗病毒注射液配伍稳定。     

甲磺酸非诺多泮注射液与三种常用输液的配伍稳定性

目的研究室温24小时内甲磺酸非诺多泮注射液与5%葡萄糖注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液和复方葡萄糖氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性,为临床用药提供科学依据。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法测定甲磺酸非诺多泮注射液与三种输液配伍后,24小时内非诺多泮的含量及有关物质,同时考察配伍液的外观和pH值。结果在室温条件下,甲磺酸非诺多泮与上述三种输液配伍24小时后,外观、pH值、含量和有关物质均无明显变化。结论甲磺酸非诺多泮注射液可与5%葡萄糖注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液和复方葡萄糖氯化钠注射液配伍使用。     

紫外光谱相似度考察丹参粉针与6种常用输液的配伍稳定性研究

目的：利用紫外光谱相似度考察注射用丹参粉针（冻干）与6种输液配伍后的稳定性。方法：模拟临床用药方法,将注射用丹参与氯化钠注射液（0．9％）、葡萄糖注射液（5％）、复方氯化钠注射液、复方右旋糖酐40注射液、右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液、果糖注射液配伍,测定配伍后7h内配伍液的pH值及UV吸收度,根据UV吸收值计算紫外光谱相似度及其变化。结果：6种配伍液7h内pH值无明显变化;在200nm一400nm范围内,注射用丹参与6种输液配伍的平均相似度大小依次为5％葡萄糖注射液〉复方氯化钠注射液〉0．9％氯化钠注射液〉右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液〉复方右旋糖酐40注射液〉果糖注射液;配伍液在250．5～300nm范围内相似度较大;配伍液相似度变化随时间延长逐渐减小。结论：注射用丹参与氯化钠注射液（0．9％）、葡萄糖注射液（5％）、复方氯化钠注射液配伍后较稳定;与右旋糖酐40葡萄糖注射液、复方右旋糖酐40注射液及果糖注射液输液配伍后相似度较小．应谨慎使用。     

头孢地嗪钠与3种注射液配伍稳定性的观察

目的 考察注射用头孢地嗪钠与5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、0.9%氯化钠注射液和5%葡萄糖注射液配伍的稳定性.方法 观察配伍液外观及其pH值变化,采用高效液相色谱法测定配伍液中头孢地嗪钠的含量.结果 室温6 h内,注射用头孢地嗪钠与5%葡萄糖生理盐水、0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液配伍液外观、pH值、含量基本不变.结论 室温6 h内,注射用头孢地嗪钠在3种输液中是稳定的.     

注射用阿莫西林钠／氟氯西林钠在输液中的稳定性

目的：考察注射用阿莫西林钠／氟氯西林钠在10％葡萄糖注射液和0．9％氯化钠注射液中的稳定性。方法：注射用阿莫西林钠,氟氯西林钠分别与10％葡萄糖注射液和0．9％氯化钠注射液配伍后常温放置,观察配伍溶液的外观、pH值和含量变化。结果：注射用阿莫西林钠,氟氯西林钠在10％葡萄糖注射液2h内稳定．在0．9％氯化钠注射液中4h内稳定。结论：注射用阿莫西林钠,氟氯西林钠可与0．9％氯化钠注射液配伍应用。     

注射用奥硝唑与几种注射液配伍的稳定性实验

目的探讨在不同温度（25℃、37℃）下注射用奥硝唑与5％葡萄糖注射液、5％葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、0．9％氯化钠注射液的配伍稳定性。方法以临床用药浓度，将注射用奥硝唑分别加入到3种注射液中，分别在不同温度下放置，0—8h内观察外观、测定混合液的pH值、紫外分光光度法测定混合液中的药物含量。结果在25℃与37℃条件下放置8h内，3种配伍液的外观、pH值、药物含量均无明显变化。结论注射用奥硝唑与3种注射液配伍，在8h内配伍液性质稳定。     

注射用盐酸氨溴索与5种注射液的配伍稳定性考察

目的:考察注射用盐酸氨溴索与0.9%氯化钠注射液、5%葡萄糖注射液、5%葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、果糖注射液、复方氯化钠注射液5种常用输液配伍的稳定性.方法:用HPLC法测定盐酸氨溴索分别在与5种常用输液配伍后8h内的含量变化,同时观察配伍液8h内的外观及pH值的变化.结果:室温条件下8h内,盐酸氨溴索注射液与5种常用输液配伍后外观色泽、澄明度、pH及含量均无明显变化.结论:室温下盐酸氨溴索注射液与5种常用输液配伍,8h内是稳定的,可用于静脉滴注.     

阿莫维酸钾与三种输液配伍的稳定性观察

目的 研究阿莫维酸钾在5％葡萄糖,10％葡萄糖,0．9％氯化钠3种输液中的稳定性。方法 用紫外分光光度法测定阿莫维酸钾的含量,并观察输液的外观、pH及阿莫维酸钾紫外光谱的变化。结果 阿莫维酸钾在0．9％氯化钠注射中6h内含量在99％以上,在5％葡萄糖注射液及10％葡萄糖注射不稳定。结论 阿莫维酸钾可与0．9％氯化钠注射液配伍应用,不能与5％葡萄糖注射液、10％葡萄糖注射液配伍应用。     

洛美沙星在常用输液中的稳定性

目的：探讨洛美沙里在5％葡萄糖注射液、10％葡萄糖注射液、5％葡萄糖氯化钠注射液、0．9％氯化钠注射液4种输液配伍中的稳定性。方法：应用紫外分光光度计、酸度计分别测定洛美沙里与4种输液在25℃和37℃的条件下配伍后，在24h内含量、pH值等变化情况。结果：在25℃、37℃条件下，洛美沙星与4种输液配伍后在24h内含量、pH值和外观无显著变化。结论：在25℃、37℃条件下，洛美沙星与4种输液配伍后在24h内比较稳定。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.