AN APPROACH TO THE IMMUNOLOGICAL REGRESSION OF THE TUMOR

The author reported that the tumors induced by Friend virus in rats are histologically lymphosarcomas, but they do not grow well in normal isologous rats. Even when the tumors grow initially, they regress later. In the same manner as the above, when several transplantable tumors in rats, which had developed spontaneously or had been induced by chemical carcinogens, are artificially infected Friend virus, they do not grow in each susceptible strain of rats as in the Friend virus-induced tumors. These rat tumors induced by Friend virus or artificially infected with Friend virus can grow in rats only when the host is Friend-tolerant or immunologically depressed. The mechanism on the regression of the tumors in the rat was discussed from the viewpoint of immunopathological studies.     

MEDIASTINAL TUMOR OF THYMIC ORIGIN AND RELATED TO CARCINOID TUMOR

A 32-year-old male was found, by a routine x-ray examination, to have a mediastinal tumor protruding Into the thoracic cavity from the right hilus. The presence of a rosette formation and argyrophil and neurosecretory granules Indicated a carcinoid. The thymic residues adhering to the tumor suggested that this tumor originated from the thymus. Based on the literatures previously published, this case will be the third case reported in this country; importance of the entity of such a tumor was emphasized.     

MIXED MESODERMAL TUMOR OF THE OVARY

A case of mixed mesodermal tumor of the ovary occurring In a nulliparous Japanese woman was reported. Histologically, two elements of tubular adenocarcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were intermingled and partly they were separated from each other. The epithelial component was very similar to that found in clear cell adenocarcinoma of the ovary. The histogenesis of this tumor was briefly discussed with particular emphasis on the unique histologic features.     

ULTRASTRUCTURE OF MESODERMAL MIXED TUMOR OF THE UTERUS

A case of mesodermal mixed tumor arising in the uterus of a 57-year-old woman is presented. The tumor was a mixture of adenocarcinoma with occasional squamous metaplasia, stromal sarcoma, myxosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. Light and electron microscopic examinationsof the tumor revealed close transition between stromal sarcomatous component and each of other sarcomatous and carcinomatous component. The histogenesis of mixed mesodermal tumorwas discussed and it was concluded that the tumor might be derived from endometrial stromal cell which possessed the pluripotency to differentiate toward various epithelial and mesenchymal tissues including the heterologous mesenchymal tissue.     

WHO LET THE BOYS IN? DISCUSSION OF AN NHS MIXED GENDER GROUP FOR VICTIMS OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE

The impact on individuals of severe and early trauma is looked at from an integrative perspective that seeks to combine the growing body of evidence and literature from psychoanalysis and from an attachment perspective, which emphasizes the centrality of the relationship in which the trauma occurs. As much sexual abuse happens without the opportunity for communication, it is suggested that what is most traumatic about the trauma is its lack of shareability. This is exactly what group psychotherapy can promote. Through cohesiveness the group can create a secure base through which to explore the world of inner objects and interpersonal relationships and, specifically, the traumatic responses of the self. The majority of groups in non‐forensic settings are for women only and short‐term specifically in order to prevent the tendency of the women to get stuck in an identity of being victims. The author discusses the literature that addresses differences in the way in which men and women respond to childhood sexual abuse. As the group functions as a microcosm of society, it is suggested that mixed groups enable cultural stereotypes, or the social, to enter the group room where it can be shared and illuminated, and as further demonstrated through clinical material, the presence of the ‘other’ facilitates an interplay between the male/female/abuser/victim poles leading to an opportunity to work with more perverse attachments and identifications.     

自体嗅黏膜移植修复大鼠脊髓损伤的实验研究

目的　观察自体嗅黏膜植入大鼠脊髓后的变化及其对轴突再生的修复作用。探索临床自体嗅黏膜移植修复脊髓损伤的可能性。　方法　成年雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为嗅黏膜移植组和对照组各 2 0只。嗅黏膜移植组取鼻中隔后部的嗅黏膜组织 (1mm2 )植入自体大鼠脊髓颈 1节段后索内的皮质脊髓束缺损处 (2mm× 1 5mm) ;对照组取鼻腔呼吸区黏膜植入脊髓同样的损伤处。 4～ 6周处死动物 ,移植区冰冻水平切面 ,免疫荧光双标神经丝蛋白 (NF)和神经生长因子受体蛋白 (NGFRp75 ) ,Confocal显微镜下观察 ,另行免疫组织化学染色观察移植嗅黏膜与周围组织的生长情况。　结果　对照组大鼠的损伤处有明显空洞 ,呼吸区黏膜内未见p75染色 ;嗅黏膜移植组可见p75标记的植入的嗅黏膜与周围组织愈合良好 ,空洞明显减少 ,被标记的嗅成鞘细胞向神经组织浸润生长 ,在移植物内有大量被标记的纤细的不分叉的NF纤维穿过。　结论　自体嗅黏膜有可能成为临床嗅成鞘细胞修复脊髓损伤的供体     

CHONDROID SYRINGOMA (MIXED TUMOR OF THE SKIN)

The clinicopathology of 13 cases of chondroid syringoma were examined. The ages of the patients ranged from 26 to 86 years, with an average of 48 years. There were eight males and five females. Ten tumors out of the thirteen appeared on the face. Only one patient out of ten was suspected of recurrence in follow-up information. Histologically, all tumors consisted of epithelial cells, chondroid or myxoid matrix, and other strumal elements. The tumors were histologically classified into two types; twelve tumors had tubular and cystic lumina lined by two layers of epithelial cells, and only one case had small lumina lined by only a single layer. By an immunohistochemical study with a PAP method, positive stainings of keratin were observed in all cases, and S-100 protein in all but one. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells showed features of an epithelial cell. Some ultrastructural differences were noted between two types of chondroid syringoma. Type I tumor cells had many tonofilaments in cytoplasm, but cytoplasmic filaments in type II were of the intermediate-type.     

大鼠大网膜表面的扫描电镜观察

大白鼠大网膜不同结构区——薄膜区、脂肪和血管区的表面均有一层间皮和散在的乳斑。同皮细胞间借突起相接。突起之间可见宽窄不一的间隙。薄膜区间隙较大,呈网络状。间皮细胞表面有疏密不均的微绒毛。微绒毛或离散分布,或连接成网。在微绒毛稀少区的细胞表面可见散在的小孔。在脂肪和血管区有丰富的乳斑,薄膜区乳斑少见且较少。乳斑的细胞多数位于间皮细胞间的间隙内或其表面。乳斑细胞的绝大部分裸露于腹膜腔。乳斑的细胞成分主要为巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞,有少数颗粒白细胞和红细胞,偶见肥大细胞。     

骨髓间充质干细胞向神经细胞分化及在成年胶质瘤大鼠脑内的迁移

本文初步探讨了骨髓间充质干细胞(bone mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs治疗大鼠胶质瘤的可行性。体外实验以C6细胞条件培养基作BMSCs诱导剂,诱导7d后,表达微管相关蛋白2(MAP2)和胶质原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的阳性细胞分别为2.08%和9.37%。体内实验中,将BMSCs经Hoechst33342标记后,移植到胶质瘤模型大鼠正常侧大脑纹状体内。14d后,移植的BMSCs多沿着注射途径分布,胼胝体和血管壁可见少量迁移的细胞。21d后,移植的BMSCs广泛分布于胼胝体、大脑皮层和血管。免疫组化染色结果显示:移植的BMSCs分别表达MAP2和GFAP,分化相对比例分别为33.93%和18.02%。以上结果表明BMSCs可以分化为神经元样细胞,并在脑内向胶质瘤部位迁移,有望成为基因治疗胶质瘤的载体。     

磁场对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文研究了低频交变磁场和稳恒磁场对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响。实验结果表明，磁场强度为１５ｍＴ的５０Ｈｇ交变磁场和８０ｍＴ的稳恒磁场均能提高机体的免疫功能；对肿瘤组织的供血情况有明显抑制效果，且磁场使肿瘤组织内形成较丰富的间质纤维，使肿瘤细胞坏死明显增多。     

IL－4对多发性骨髓瘤患者外周血细胞CD20及HLA－DR表达的影响

本文报道用流式细胞分析技术，检测了２８例多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）患者和２０名健康对照者外周血Ｂ细胞（ＣＤ２０＋）以及Ｂ、Ｔ和单核细胞中ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋细胞比率。结果发现，ＭＭ患者ＣＤ２０＋以及Ｂ、Ｔ及单核细胞中ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋细胞比率与正常对照组差异非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。加入重组ＩＬ－４，可使８名ＭＭ患者ＣＤ２０＋、ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋ＣＤ２０＋、ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ＋单核细胞比率提高非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而在Ｔ细胞，Ｐ值则＞０．０５。我们认为由于ＩＬ－４分泌减少，一方面使多克隆Ｂ细胞激活及增殖受抑，另一方面使单核细胞ＨＬＡ－ＤＲ抗原表达减少，抗原提呈能力下降可能是ＭＭ发生多克隆免疫球蛋白抑制的重要原因。     

EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA (MIXED GERM CELL TUMOR) OF THE OVARY

The purpose of this paper Is to report a case of embryonal carcinoma (mixed germ, cell tumor) of the ovary. Clinical data indicated significant levels of both alpha-fetoprotein and HCG with good correlation to the clinical course. Histologically the tumor showed teratoma, embryonal carcinoma with embryoid bodies and syncytiotrophoblasts, endodermal sinus tumor and dysgerminoma in the order of predominance. Emphasis was focused upon the close relationship of these histologic types to one another. The transitions from one histologic pattern to the other seemed to have occurred by means of duct system which was composed of ducts and their dilated forms commonly seen in teratoma, embryonal carcinoma and endodermal sinus tumor. These facts support, though indirectly, totlpotential cells as a source of germ cell tumor. Subtle questions were given to the notion of endodermal sinus tumor or yolk sac tumor.     

ADENOMA WITH MULTIPLE HYPERPLASTIC NODULES IN NONCIRRHOTIC LIVER POSSIBLY RELATED TO LONG-TERM ADMINISTRATION OF A HYPOLIPIDEMIC DRUG

Described here is an autopsy case of a 76-year-old woman with preneoplastic and other adenomatous hepatocellular lesions. Multiple small hyperplastic liver foci with PAS positive reaction and adenomatous nodular lesions were noted in a non-cirrhotic liver. These lesions resembled altered foci or neoplastic nodules which are currently regarded as premalignant changes in experimental animal models. It is suggested that the liver lesions of this woman may be related to long-term administration of hypolipidemic drug cloflbrate for hypercholesteremia and the lesions could be one of the precursor changes of human hepatocellular carcinoma.     

MINUTE CARCINOID TUMOR OF THE UTERINE CERVIX ASSOCIATED WITH MICROINVASIVE ADENOCARCINOMA, WITH REFERENCE TO ITS HISTOGENESIS

A rare case of carcinoid tumor of the uterine cervix associated with adenocarcinoma was reported. The carcinoid tumor was composed of round to polygonal cells showing solid or trabecular proliferation. Most of these cells and a small number of isolated cells wedged in neoplastic glands were positive with either Grimelius or Fontana-Masson stains, and also positive for serotonin by immunostain (PAP method). Positively stained cells were thus considered to have the same histochemical nature as enterochromaffln cell. The carcinoid tumor was minute, about 2×2 mm and the adenocarcinoma was a microinvasive one. In some parts, smooth transition between both tumor components was observed. From these findings, it is suggested that both the carcinoid tumor and the adenocarcinoma in the present case were derived from a primitive precursor cell of common mesodermal origin. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37:1183–1198, 1987.     

NGF在成年猴脑的分布

为了解NGF在成年猴脑的分布,采用免疫组化SP法对成年猴脑多个冠状位切片进行免疫组化反应。结果证明,NGF阳性反应神经元主要分布于大脑皮质Ⅲ、V层,小脑Purkinje细胞,海马,齿状回,纹状体,脑干网状结构等处。此外,在黑质、舌下神经核、迷走神经背核、前庭神经核、三叉神经核、疑核、下橄榄核也出现NGF阳性反应。在大脑和脑干还观察到NGF阳性胶质细胞。本实验结果表明,在成年猴脑的多个脑区有NGF表达,提示NGF可能涉及猴脑某些神经元及胶质细胞的生理过程。