~(18)F-FDG PET-CT脑显像与EEG对颞叶癫痫灶术前定位价值的对比研究

目的对比18F-FDG PET-CT脑显像与EEG对颞叶癫痫灶术前定位的价值。方法回顾性分析经我院神经外科癫痫中心临床诊断为颞叶癫痫的患者152例,所有患者术前行18F-FDG PET-CT脑显像、长程/视频EEG检查,其中29例定位仍不确切者行颅内电极EEG检查,手术切除组织术后送病理检查,比较结果。结果 (1)本组152例患者PET-CT脑显像定位致痫灶的准确率为80.92%(123/152),长程或视频EEG定位致痫灶准确率为43.42%(66/152),两种检查方法定位致痫灶准确率差异有统计学意义(χ2=45.44,P<0.01);(2)本组29例患者颅内电极EEG定位致痫灶准确率为100%。结论发作间期18F-FDG PET-CT脑显像定位致痫灶灵敏、有效,其价值优于长程/视频EEG;18F-FDG PET-CT脑显像对颅内电极埋置有指导价值,两者联合使用,可以进一步提高致痫灶定位准确率。     

SPECT、EEG、MRI综合评价难治性癫痫灶定位的价值

目的:探讨SPECT、EEG和MRI综合评价难治性癲痫灶定位的临床价值.材料和方法:对41例拟手术的癫痫患者行发作期和发作间期脑血流灌注显像,其结果与EEG、MRI、病理结果及临床表现进行比较,并综合各项检查结果确定致痫灶.结果:41例患者均行手术,有29例患者SPECT、EEG和MRI病灶定位一致,术后发作次数明显减少或痊愈;12例患者三种检查病灶定位不完全一致,11例术后发作次数减少,1例无效.结论:三种检查手段综合评价对定位致痫灶有较高的临床应用价值.对手术前制定手术方案有较高的指导作用.     

18F-FDGPET定位致痫灶在癫痫外科治疗中的价值

目的评价18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)PET定位致痫灶在癫痫外科治疗中的作用.方法对30例难治性癫痫患者行EEG、MRI、PET检查,根据PET检查结果并参考EEG、MRI选择外科治疗方法(开颅手术,X刀治疗,立体定向手术).开颅手术者,术中行皮层脑电图(ECoG)检查,术后送病理检查.所有患者均观察术后疗效.结果致痫灶位于颞叶22例,颞叶外6例,额颞区2例.30例患者中16例行开颅手术,10例X刀治疗,4例立体定向手术.术后除2例癫痫发作无明显改善外,余28例发作明显减少或消失.结论18F-FDGPET检查术前定位致痫灶有助于选择手术方式,提高手术治疗效果.     

脑灌注显像定位致痫灶与皮层脑电图、术中和病理所见比较

目的：探讨SPECT脑灌注显像定位致痫灶的价值。方法：选择拟手术治疗的药物难治性部分性癫痫和其他癫痫患者23例，在发作间期和发作期分别进行SPECT脑灌注显像，用皮层脑电图（EcoG)手术和术后病理检查进行验证。结果：用EcoG探查SPECT显示病灶区，23例皆存在典型的尖慢波和棘尖波发放，发作期的局灶性放射性增高区和EcoG所示的异常电话动范围更匹配。痫波起源于相应区域的大脑皮层，而不是增厚和粘连蛛网膜或肿瘤本身，结论：SPECT脑灌注显像有助于识别致痫灶的位置，大小，血运和功能状态，对术前制定治疗方案有一定的指导作用。     

46例癫痫患者发作间期~(18)F-FDG PET显像结果分析

目的　探讨18F 脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG)PET对发作间期癫痫灶的诊断价值。方法　 4 6例癫痫患者于发作间期进行CT和 (或 )MRI、头皮EEG及18F FDGPET检查。结果　 4 6例患者中 86 95 %(40例 )PET显像有异常代谢灶 ,其中低代谢灶 3 1例 ,高代谢灶 9例。而CT和 (或 )MRI仅 5 6 5 2 % (2 6例 )异常 ,EEG 82 60 % (3 8例 )异常。 9例示局限性高代谢区患者 1周后在确认检查前后 12h均未发作的前提下再次行PET检查 ,结果发现其中 7例同一部位出现低代谢区 ,另 2例代谢也有所降低。结论　18F FDGPET对发作间期癫痫灶的诊断价值明显优于CT和 (或 )MRI和头皮EEG ,尤其在发作间期和发作期各检查 1次 ,或延长发作后检查时间 ,可提高灵敏度和特异性及诊断准确性。     

癫痫不同时期脑血流灌注显像动态观察在致痫灶定位诊断中的应用

目的 探讨癫痫发作不同时期脑血流灌注显像的动态观察对致痫灶定位的价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析20例行2次及以上脑血流灌注显像癫痫患者的临床资料,观察癫痫发作不同时期致痫灶区脑血流灌注变化情况;对照术后病理及临床随访结果分析多时相显像对致痫灶的定位效能.结果 本组患者中,发作期、发作后及发作间期显像分别占34.1％、20...     

~(18)F-FDG PET脑显像在癫痫图型、病灶定位及预后预测中的价值

目的　分析各种癫痫患者的18F 脱氧葡萄糖 (FDG)PET图像与致痫灶的关系 ,以期术前较准确地定位、选择手术适应证和预测疗效。方法　 73例癫痫患者 (男 5 1例 ,女 2 2例 ,平均年龄2 3 .3岁 )行FDGPET脑显像 ,并与同期脑电图和MRI结果进行比较。 40例进行了手术疗效随访 ,其中 8例术后复查了FDGPET ,并比较FDGPET、视频脑电图 (VEEG)、MRI对致痫灶术前定位的准确性及脑代谢改变的不同图型与手术疗效的关系。结果　① 72例癫痫患者发作间期皮层局灶为低代谢表现 ,仅 1例部分癫痫持续状态者表现出发作期的高代谢。②FDGPET病变定侧率高于VEEG ,低代谢灶检出率高于MRI。③ 40例手术患者中 ,属于Engels疗效分级I、II级的 30例手术切除部位应为确定的致痫灶 ,FDGPET、VEEG与MRI定侧定位准确性分别为 93 .3% ,73 3% ,5 3 3 % ,经 χ2 检验 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。④单侧颞叶低代谢手术效果好 ;对部分双侧颞叶低代谢者 ,切除其代谢减低更严重的一侧 ,发作也会改善 ;颞叶外癫痫手术效果不如颞叶癫痫好 ;病灶局限者 ,手术效果优于伴有其他部位皮层代谢改变者 ;单侧多脑叶代谢改变者 ,半大脑切除术效果好 ;双侧大脑多脑叶弥漫性病变者 ,手术效果差。结论　FDGPET对癫痫灶定位的灵敏度和准确性优于VEEG和形态学     

18F-FDGPET定位致痫灶在癫痫外科治疗中的价值

目的：评价^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET定位致痫灶在癫痫外科治疗中的作用。方法：对30例难治性癫痫患者行EEG,MRI,PET检查,根据PET检查结果并参考EEG,MRI选择外科治疗方法（开颅手术,X刀治疗,立体定向手术）。开颅手术者,术中行皮层脑电图（ECoG）检查,术后送病理检查。所有患者均观察术后疗效。结果：致痫灶位于颞叶22例,颞叶外6例,额颞区2例,30例患者中16例。30例患者中16例行开颅手术,10例X刀治疗,4例立体定向手术。术后除2例癫痫发作无明显改善外,余28例发作明显减少或消失。结论：^18F-FDG PET检查术前定位致痫灶有助于选择手术方式,提高手术治疗效果。     

18F-FDG PET/CT脑显像与EEG用于颞叶癫(癎)灶术前定位

目的 对比研究18F-FDG PET/CT脑显像与EEG对颞叶癫(癎)灶术前定位的价值.方法 回顾性分析临床诊断为颞叶癫(癎)的患者152例,其中男108例,女44例,年龄范围3～59岁.所有患者行18F-FDG PET/CT脑显像和长程和(或)视频EEG检查,其中29例无法准确定位者行颅内电极EEG检查.所有患者行手术治疗,手术切除组织行病理检查,以术后病理为“金标准”,术后随访6个月以上.用x2检验对PET/CT脑显像及长程和(或)视频EEG的准确性进行统计学分析.结果 152例患者PET/CT脑显像定位致(癎)灶的准确性为80.92％ (123/152),长程和(或)视频EEG定位致(癎)灶准确性为43.42％ (66/152),2种检查方法定位致(癎)灶的准确性差异有统计学意义(x2=22.72,P＜0.01),29例术前无法准确定位的患者行颅内电极EEG定位致(癎)灶,其准确性为100％.结论 发作间期18F-FDG PET/CT脑显像定位癫(癎)灶价值优于长程和(或)视频EEG,与颅内电极EEG联合使用,可进一步提高对致(癎)灶定位的准确性.     

18F-FDG PET显像对致癎灶的定位及在外科治疗中的价值

目的探讨^18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET显像对致痫灶的定位及在引导外科手术和放射定向治疗中的价值.方法原发性癫痫患者110例,皆行^18F-FDG脑三维PET显像,通过目测和半定量方法分析图像.所有患者均行头皮脑电图（EEG）检查,其中26例行皮层脑电图（ECoG）或深部脑电图（DEEG）检查;66例行脑MRI及（或）CT检查.110例中17例行单侧颞叶切除术,69例行X刀或伽玛刀治疗.随访时间＞1年.结果①110例中,PET显像阳性检出率为88.2%,明显高于EEG和脑MRI（分别为67.3%、43.5%,x^2值分别为13.88、24.17,P均＜0.01）,94.8%的病灶为低代谢灶,5.2%为高代谢灶.单病灶检出率PET显像明显高于EEG（分别为60.8%和35.1%,x^2=11.08,P＜0.01）.与ECoG或DEEG相比,PET对致痫灶的检出灵敏度为92%,定位准确性为87%.17例在PET显像引导下行颞叶切除术,69例在PET显像引导下行X刀和伽玛刀治疗,治疗效果良好.结论 ^18F-FDG PET对致痫灶的检出及定位有较高的灵敏度和准确性;对引导癫痫外科手术及放射定向治疗均有价值.     

18F-FDGPET/CT脑显像在癫发作期及发作间期致灶定位中的应用价值

 目的探讨¹⁸F-FDGPET/CT脑3D显像在癫发作期和发作间期致灶定位中的应用价值。方法癫患者60例均行24h头皮脑电图、MRI、¹⁸F-FDGPET/CT脑显像。25例行皮质脑电图(ECoG)或深部脑电图(DEEG)。PET/CT图像经过目测和半定量的方法进行分析。结果(1)60例中,¹⁸F-FDGPET/CT脑显像阳性者57例,检出率95%,其中患者处于发作间期56例,PET/CT表现为低代谢灶者53例,发作期4例,PET/CT上均表现为高代谢灶。(2)PET/CT显示80%为单发灶(48/60),15%为2个以上病灶(9/60)。单发灶中,66.7%位于颞叶(32/48),另33.3%位于颞叶外皮质(顶叶6例,额叶10例)。(3)PET/CT与皮质脑电图(ECoG)或深部脑电图(DEEG)符合率为96%(24/25)。(4)32例颞叶癫行前颞叶切除术,术后随访结果EngelⅠ～Ⅱ级者30例。非颞叶癫16例,行致灶皮质切除术,12例达EngelⅠ～Ⅱ级。3例未检出致灶,9例DEEG定位双侧致灶未行手术治疗。结论对于颅内有病灶癫及明确的颞叶癫患者,PET/CT与EEG以及MRI检查结果具有高度一致性;对于没有病灶及非颞叶癫患者,PET/CT是一种无创、敏感、有效的定位癫源灶的方法。     

18F-FDG PET/CT结合MRI在癫（癎）外科治疗中的应用

目的 探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）PET/CT结合MRI定位致（癎）灶,指导癫（癎）外科治疗的意义.方法 67例癫（癎）外科治疗患者术前均行18F-FDG PET/CT和MRI检查,根据术前评估以及术中皮质脑电图监测结果进行致（癎）灶切除术.术后长期随访,根据Engel分级将患者分为癫（癎）发作完全控制组（Engel Ⅰ）和癫（癎）发作未完全控制组（Engel Ⅱ～Ⅳ）,采用x2检验或Fisher精确检验对数据进行分析.结果 67例中48例患者术后癫（癎）发作完全控制（Engel Ⅰ,71.6%）,11例Engel Ⅱ,5例Engel Ⅲ,3例Engel Ⅳ.18F-FDG PET/CT定位定侧结果与MRI检查结果一致或基本一致者63例,其中71.4%（45/63）术后癫（癎）发作完全控制;18F-FDG PET/CT与MRI检查结果不一致者4例,其中3例术后癫（癎）发作完全控制,2组差异无统计学意义（Fisher精确检验,P＞0.05）.63例中MRI与18F-FDG PET/CT均发现局限性异常者为41例,其中80.5%（33/41）术后癫（癎）发作完全控制;MRI发现局限性病变,但18F-FDG PET/CT呈更广泛性代谢异常者20例,其中55.0%（11/20）术后癫（癎）发作完全控制,2组差异有统计学意义（x2=4.34,P＜0.05）.结论 18F-FDG PET/CT结合MRI可为致（癎）灶定位及预后评估提供重要信息.     

18F-FDG PET/CT检测淋巴结转移性鳞癌原发灶的价值

目的 探讨18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（FDG） PET/CT在淋巴结转移性鳞癌原发灶检测中的临床应用价值。 方法 选取2018年3月至2020年11月于广东省佛山市禅城区中心医院因发现淋巴结转移性鳞癌而原发灶不明行全身18F-FDG PET/CT检查的56例患者进行回顾性研究,其中男性44例、女性12例,年龄19~81岁,中位年龄51岁。所有患者的淋巴结转移性鳞癌均于18F-FDG PET/CT显像前经组织病理学检查确诊,原发灶经组织病理学检查或临床随访确诊。分析并计算18F-FDG PET/CT检测原发灶的检出率;原发灶与淋巴结转移部位、最大标准化摄取值（SUV_max）的关系。采用双变量相关分析法分析原发灶与淋巴结转移灶的SUV_max的相关性。 结果 56例患者中,18F-FDG PET/CT检测原发灶阳性44例（真阳性42例、假阳性2例）,检出率为75.0%;假阴性1例（鼻咽癌）;11例患者18F-FDG PET/CT未发现原发灶。双变量相关分析结果显示,原发灶与淋巴结转移灶的SUV_max在一定程度上具有一致性（r=0.320,P<0.05）。 结论 18F-FDG PET/CT显像对淋巴结转移性鳞癌的不明原发灶检测具有较好的临床应用价值,淋巴结转移灶与原发灶的18F-FDG代谢强度存在良好的相关性。     

Is central benzodiazepine receptor imaging useful for the identification of epileptogenic foci in localization-related epilepsies?

In the presurgical evaluation of patients with partial epilepsies, the most extensively studied functional neuro-imaging modality to define the origin of seizure onset is fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET). Generally, this technique reveals a widespread zone of interictal glucose hypometabolism in the region of the epileptogenic focus. However, the technique may miss the epileptogenic region and FDG PET abnormalities may extend beyond the seizure onset zone. Consequently, for the precise identification of epileptogenic regions more specific imaging probes than FDG are warranted. This review considers the clinical utility of iomazenil (IMZ) SPET and flumazenil (FMZ) PET for the precise localization of epileptogenic foci in partial epilepsy syndromes.     

Iatrogenic lung microembolism detected by 18FDG PET/CT

We present the cases of two oncology patients: a male with Hodgkin's disease after completion of chemotherapy, and a woman recently diagnosed of melanoma, who underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with 18F-FDG for therapeutic monitoring and initial staging, respectively. In both cases, hypermetabolic foci of 18F-FDG in lung parenchyma were found, without morphologic abnormalities in CT. These findings would have been consistent with lung pathology in the absence of any anatomic correlation. Combined PET/CT interpretation was of lung microembolisms probably originated at the injection site.     

(18)F-FDG PET in localization of frontal lobe epilepsy: comparison of visual and SPM analysis.

The sensitivity of (18)F-FDG PET to localize epileptogenic zones in frontal lobe epilepsy was evaluated by both visual assessment and statistical parametric mapping (SPM). METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with frontal lobe epilepsy were examined. All patients showed good outcome after surgical resection (Engel class I or II). On pathologic examination, 22 patients had cortical dysplasia, 4 had tumors, 1 had cortical scars, and 2 had an old infarct. Hypometabolic lesions were found on (18)F-FDG PET images by both visual assessment and SPM analysis. On SPM analysis, the cutoff threshold was varied and sensitivity to find epileptogenic zones was compared. RESULTS: MRI showed structural lesions in 15 patients and normal findings in 14. (18)F-FDG PET correctly localized the epileptogenic zones in 16 patients (55%) by visual assessment. The sensitivity of (18)F-FDG PET was 36% in patients without structural lesions on MRI and 73% in patients with structural lesions. On SPM analysis, using an uncorrected probability value of 0.005 as the threshold, the sensitivity of SPM analysis was 66%, which was not statistically different from the sensitivity of visual assessment. The sensitivity decreased according to the decrease in probability value. CONCLUSION: (18)F-FDG PET was sensitive in localizing epileptogenic zones by revealing hypometabolic areas in nonlesional patients with frontal lobe epilepsy as well as in lesional patients. SPM analysis showed a comparable sensitivity to visual assessment and could be used as an aid in diagnosing epileptogenic zones in frontal lobe epilepsy.     

Comparative analysis of MR imaging, positron emission tomography, and ictal single-photon emission CT in patients with neocortical epilepsy

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MR imaging, positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission CT (SPECT) play important roles in presurgical localization of epileptic foci. However, comparative study of these imaging methods for cases of neocortical epilepsy has been limited. The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivities of these three imaging methods for presurgical localization of neocortical epileptogenic foci. METHODS: We studied 117 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for intractable neocortical epilepsy. The pathologic substrates were neuronal migration disorder (n = 77), tumor (n = 15), and others (n = 25). MR imaging was compared retrospectively with (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and ictal technetium-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime SPECT regarding their capability to correctly localize the epileptogenic foci. The pathologic findings were used as the standard of reference. RESULTS: Overall, MR imaging, PET, and ictal SPECT correctly localized the lesions for 59.8%, 77.7%, and 70.3% of the patients, respectively, with a 38% concordance rate among the three methods. PET was most sensitive (71-100%) in detecting all substrates. MR imaging was as sensitive (100%) as PET in detecting tumor but was least sensitive (48.1%) in detecting neuronal migration disorder. Ictal SPECT was more sensitive (75.8%) than MR imaging in detecting neuronal migration disorder. Patients with imaging abnormalities achieved good outcomes in 81.4% of the cases, in contrast to 59.5% for those without imaging abnormalities (P <.05). CONCLUSION: PET and ictal SPECT were overall more sensitive than was MR imaging, despite the low concordance rate and variable sensitivity depending on substrates. The detection of abnormalities by MR imaging was associated with good outcome. PET or ictal SPECT can be well used as complementary tools, particularly in cases of negative MR imaging findings.