扶正抑瘤饮抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的 :观察扶正抑瘤饮对人胃癌细胞株体外增殖的影响 ,及其对小鼠移植性肉瘤的抑制作用 .方法 :应用MTT比色法 ,检测不同浓度扶正抑瘤饮 (简称中药ZY)对不同分化程度的 3株人胃癌细胞增殖的影响 .并以小鼠移植性肉瘤180为模型 ,随机分空白对照组 ,ELF化疗方案组 (ELF) ,扶正抑瘤饮组 (ZY) .观察其对小鼠移植性肉瘤的抑制作用 .结果 :中药对 3株胃癌细胞均呈现一定程度的抑制作用 ,但其对不同细胞株敏感性有差异 .中药浓度在 1× 10 -2 ～ 1× 10 3mg·L-1之间 ,对SGC 790 1,880 1细胞株增殖的抑制作用与剂量无明显相关 ,而对MGC 80 3细胞株增殖的抑制作用随浓度升高而增强 ,当浓度为 1× 10 3 mg·L-1时 ,抑制率最大 (4 1.1±5 .4 ) % .中药对小鼠移植性肉瘤 (91.0 % )与ELF组肿瘤生长抑制率 (93.1% ) ,ZY组平均瘤重 (0 .131± 0 .0 18)g与ELF组(0 .0 10± 0 .0 0 8)g相比 ,均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) .ZY组小鼠体质量变化量 (6 .80± 0 .5 4 )g与空白对照组 (5 .5 0± 2 .2 7)g相比无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,但ELF组小鼠体质量变化量(0 .4 3± 0 .15 )g明显小于空白对照组和ZY组 (P <0 .0 5 ) .结论 :扶正抑瘤饮对人胃癌细胞株SGC 790 1,880 1的抑瘤作用与浓度无明显关系 ,但对MGC 80 3细胞株的抑     

中药双参胶囊对小鼠实验性糖尿病的影响

目的　观测双参胶囊 (Shuangshen Capsule,SSC)对小鼠实验性糖尿病的影响 .方法　采用 80 m g· kg- 1 链脲霉素 (Streptozotocin,STZ;n=1 8)和 2 0 μg· kg- 1 肾上腺素(Adr;n=1 0 )小鼠 ip复制糖尿病模型 ;动物随机分组 ,并以0 .6 ,1 .2和 2 .4g· kg- 1 SSC ig,连续 4,8和 1 2 d,末次 ig后 1 h眼眶采血 ,按邻甲苯胺法测定血糖 ;按蒽酮法测定肝糖元 .结果　 1 SSC 0 .6 ,1 .2和 2 .4g· kg- 1 SSC给小鼠 ig,仅 1 2 d时高剂量组血糖由 (5 .8± 0 .6 ) m mol· L- 1 降至 (5 .4± 0 .5 ) mmol· L- 1 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;2 SSC中、高剂量组给 STZ糖尿病小鼠 ig 8d和 1 2 d时 ,其血糖分别是 (2 0 .5± 5 .0 ) ,(1 8.8± 5 .1 ) mmol· L- 1和 (1 7.7± 5 .1 ) ,(1 7.0± 4.4) mmol· L- 1 [模型组分别为 (2 3.9± 4.9) ,(2 3.4± 5 .7) mmol· L- 1 ;P<0 .0 1 ];Adr糖尿病小鼠是 (1 1 .2± 1 .5 ) m mol· L- 1 ,中、高剂量组 SSC ig后 ,其血糖分别降至 (9.5± 0 .8)和 (9.0±1 .6 ) mmol· L- 1 (P<0 .0 1 ) . 3低、中和高剂量 SSC均使正常小鼠肝糖元显著增高 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,并降低 Adr糖尿病小鼠口服糖负荷后血糖峰值 (P<0 .0 5或 0 .0 1 ) .结论　 SSC降血糖作用机制可能与其促进胰岛素分泌或增加组织对糖转     

MUC1基因疫苗抑制EMT6乳癌生长的实验

目的 :观察MUC1基因疫苗对EMT6乳癌生长的特异性抑制作用 .方法 :采用股四头肌肌肉注射法将构建的MUC1基因疫苗pcDNA3 1 MUC1免疫雌性BALB/c小鼠 ,3wk 1次 ,共 3次 .最后一次基因免疫后第 3周 ,接种表达MUC1的EMT6小鼠乳腺癌细胞 .2wk后观察、记录肿瘤的生长情况 .于肿瘤细胞接种后第 4 5日 ,处死全部动物 ,称量肿瘤的质量 .荷瘤小鼠的瘤组织常规HE染色 .结果 :肿瘤细胞接种后 4 5d ,MUC1预防组、质粒pcDNA3 1对照组及生理盐水阴性对照组EMT6肿瘤大小分别为 (2 5 0± 2 4 3) ,(5 96±2 8 2 )及 (6 18± 35 6 )mm3 (P <0 0 1) ;平均瘤质量为 (1 2 3±0 4 1) ,(2 2 8± 0 6 6 )及 2 36± 0 72 )g(P <0 0 1) ;MUC1基因疫苗预防组仅见 4 0 % (4 / 10 )的小鼠有瘤体形成 ,而pcD NA3 1对照组及生理盐水阴性对照组 10 0 % (10 / 10 )可见瘤体形成、肿瘤生长 .结果表明 ,与pcDNA3 1对照组相比 ,MUC1预防组EMT6肿瘤生长受到明显抑制 (P <0 0 1) ;MUC1预防组小鼠免疫保护有显著差异 (P <0 0 5 ) .病理学检查结果显示 ,与 pcDNA3 1对照组相比 ,MUC1DNA疫苗预防组鼠EMT6肿瘤组织大量坏死 .结论 :MUC1基因疫苗显著抑制EMT6乳癌生长 ,为临床应用研究奠定了基础     

复方芦荟抑制小鼠S180荷瘤的实验研究

目的 :探讨复方芦荟对小鼠S180 荷瘤的抑制作用及免疫学改变。方法 :2 5只小鼠随机分为 3组 ,将S180 瘤细胞接种于小鼠左前肢腋窝皮下 ,3d后各组小鼠分别灌胃服用复方芦荟液、环磷酰胺和生理盐水 ,8d后计算抑瘤率 ,测定小鼠免疫功能的改变。结果 :复方芦荟抑瘤率为 6 9% ;免疫功能测定T淋巴细胞增殖反应和NK细胞活性分别为 ( 0 .87± 0 .0 5)A和 ( 73.1 8± 5.58) % ;环磷酰胺组分别为 ( 0 .58± 0 .0 6 )A和 ( 44 .87± 5.2 9) % ;生理盐水组分别为 ( 0 .72± 0 .0 5)A和 ( 50 .0 3±6 .1 2 ) % ;两组与生理盐水组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1 )。结论 :复方芦荟具有抑制小鼠S180 荷瘤的作用 ,并能提高机体免疫功能     

舟山眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素-F的体内抗肿瘤作用

目的　观察舟山眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素 - F(CTX- F)对小鼠肉瘤 180 (S180 )、宫颈癌 U14、艾氏腹水癌(EAC)和 P388白血病的体内抗肿瘤活性。　方法　 CTX- F不同剂量腹腔注射 (ip)对 EAC和 P388白血病荷瘤小鼠存活时间、生命延长率的影响 ;CTX- F不同剂量静脉注射对 U 14和 S180荷瘤小鼠瘤块重量的影响 ,并计算抑瘤率。　结果　 CTX- F 0 .6和 0 .8m g/ kg实验第 1、3和 5天给药 (ip) ,使艾氏腹水癌荷瘤小鼠存活时间由 10 .0± 2 .0d分别提高到 2 2 .2± 6 .3和 31.3± 9.2 d,生命延长率分别为 12 5 .5 %和 2 13.2 % ;P388小鼠存活时间从 10 .8± 1.9d分别延长到 15 .9± 1.9和 17.6± 2 .3d,生命延长率分别为 4 7.0 3%和 6 3.2 4 %。CTX- F 0 .8和 1.0 m g/ kg静脉注射 ,连续给药 7d,对宫颈癌 U 14抑瘤率分别为 2 6 .6 4 %和 38.87% ;对肉瘤 S180的抑瘤率分别为 31.8%和39.7%。　结论　舟山眼镜蛇毒 CXT- F对小鼠移植性肿瘤荷瘤小鼠具有实验性治疗作用     

重组人可溶性血管内皮细胞生长抑制因子对S-180肉瘤生长的抑制作用

目的　研究重组人可溶性血管内皮细胞生长抑制因子 (VEGI)对小鼠异体种植 S- 180肉瘤生长的抑制作用。　方法　用不同剂量 VEGI分别治疗皮下和腹腔种植 S- 180肉瘤的小鼠 ,连续 7天。 30天后处死小鼠 ,剥离肿瘤并称重 ,计算每组平均瘤重和抑瘤率 ;记录腹腔种植组小鼠的死亡时间 ,观察治疗制剂对小鼠寿命的影响。采用免疫组织化学 Envision二步法对肿瘤组织进行分析。　结果　 VEGI治疗组 (5 .0 ,10 .0 ,2 0 .0μg/ kg)的平均瘤重分别为 2 .92± 2 .0 5 g,1.92± 0 .31g和 1.0 6± 0 .0 5 g,明显小于 PBS对照组 (10 .33± 2 .15 g,P<0 .0 1) ,抑瘤率分别为 71.73% ,81.41%和 89.74% ;并可明显延长腹腔荷 S- 180肉瘤小鼠的生存时间 (P<0 .0 1)。每 mm2 肿瘤组织切片中 ,VEGI治疗组 (10 .0μg/ kg)的阳性血管内皮细胞数为 117± 10个 ,PBS对照组 2 41± 34个 (P<0 .0 5 )。　结论　 VEGI通过抑制体内肿瘤组织中血管的生成抑制了恶性肿瘤的生长 ,显示出显著的抗肿瘤活性。     

5-氟尿嘧啶对豫医无毛小鼠S_(180)肉瘤的抑制作用

目的 :研究 5 氟尿嘧啶对豫医无毛小鼠S1 80 肉瘤的抑制作用。方法 :豫医无毛小鼠 (2 5只 )和昆明种小鼠(2 5只 )分别接种S1 80 肉瘤细胞建立荷瘤动物模型 ,分别随机分成对照组和用药组 ,用药组腹腔给予 5 氟尿嘧啶 ,9d后全部处死、剥离、称瘤重 ,计算抑瘤率。结果 :豫医无毛小鼠用药组瘤重 (0 .93± 0 .38)g,对照组瘤重 (2 .89± 1 .1 5)g,抑瘤率 67.7% ;昆明种小鼠用药组瘤重 (0 .2 3± 0 .0 8)g ,对照组瘤重 (2 .56± 0 .78)g,抑瘤率 91 .0 %。各用药组瘤重与对照组相比差异有统计学意义 ,P <0 .0 1。 2用药组比较 ,差异亦有统计学意义 ,P <0 .0 5。结论 :5 氟尿嘧啶对豫医无毛小鼠S1 80 肉瘤有抑制作用 ,但作用不如昆明小鼠     

博来霉素与卡氮芥体外抑制颅咽管瘤的比较

目的 :比较卡氮芥与博来霉素对颅咽管瘤细胞的体外抑瘤效果。 方法 :体外原代培养新鲜颅咽管瘤细胞 ,然后分别加入浓度为 0 .0 1、0 .1和 1.0 g/L的博来霉素或卡氮芥培养液进行培养 ,在不同时段计数以绘出抑瘤曲线 ,培养 6 d后以 ATP荧光测定法测定抑瘤效果。结果 :加药后肿瘤细胞明显减少 ;0 .0 1、0 .1和 1.0 g/L的博来霉素和卡氮芥的相对 ATP含量 (×10 - 1 4 mol/L)分别为 30 5 .5 8± 6 1.11、16 4.5 0± 5 3.0 3、1.14± 0 .45和 1.0 1± 0 .82、0 .6 8± 0 .19、0 .0 4± 0 .0 3,同一浓度组中卡氮芥抑瘤效果强于博来霉素。较低浓度组博来霉素无显著抑制颅咽管瘤作用 ,而不同浓度组卡氮芥均有显著抑瘤作用。 结论 :卡氮芥体外抑制颅咽管瘤的效果强于博来霉素 ,有应用于颅咽管瘤囊内化疗的潜在价值。     

小鼠一体多瘤模型复制与S180脉冲致敏树突状细胞抗瘤特异性观察

目的 :复制一种新的荷瘤动物模型 ,同一小鼠皮下 ,不同部位荷 3种不同类型肿瘤 (S180、H2 2、EAC瘤株 ) ,继之以一种肿瘤抗原 (冻融S180细胞 )脉冲刺激的树突状细胞 (DC)免疫治疗 ,观察其效应。方法 :昆明小鼠随机分为 5组 ,6只 /组 ,1、2、3组分别荷单一瘤株S180、H2 2和EAC瘤细胞 ;4、5组荷以上 3种瘤株 ;所接种的 3种瘤细胞数均为 6× 10 6,接种部位二侧后腿腋下和背部 ,分别交替接种 3种瘤细胞株 ,其中每 2只接种部位相同 ,第 5组另接受肿瘤抗原 (冻融S180细胞 )脉冲刺激DC行免疫治疗。观察接种后瘤体大小和特异的淋巴细胞毒杀伤活性(CTL)。结果 :1～ 4组组间相比 ,单一荷瘤与复合荷瘤的相同瘤株在肿瘤生长速度上基本相同 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,4组荷瘤鼠生存期相近 (P >0 .0 5 )。与 1～ 4组荷同一瘤株鼠比较 ,脉冲DC免疫治疗鼠 (第 5组 ) ,S180、H2 2和EAC瘤株的增生速度明显减缓 ,荷瘤第 3周时 ,S180、H2 2增生减缓更为明显 (P <0 .0 1) ;EAC瘤株亦呈同样变化趋势 ,但幅度较小。CTL结果显示 ,T淋巴细胞对S180和H2 2瘤细胞株均有很强杀伤活性 (78% ,72 % ) ,而对EAC瘤株杀伤活性较弱 (34% )。结论 :同一小鼠体内同时荷 3种移植瘤株即一体多瘤动物模型可行 ;S180致敏的DC介导T细胞既可杀灭S180又可杀灭H2     

戴氏绿僵菌提取物对小鼠肿瘤S180抑瘤活性研究

目的: 研究戴氏绿僵菌无性型戴氏绿僵菌培养液上清液中生物活性物质对小鼠肿瘤S180的抗肿瘤活性.方法: 体外传代肿瘤细胞株杀伤试验采用MTT法,小鼠体内肿瘤细胞生长检测采用实体瘤称重法,IL-2检测采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(双抗夹心法).结果: 戴氏绿僵菌培养液提取物在高浓度时对体外传代肿瘤细胞株S180有显著的抑制作用,抑瘤率分别为28.06%、23.92%、35.55%、30.92%;对小鼠体内S180实体瘤的生长有显著的抑制作用,抑瘤率分别为22.09%、39.11%、41.67%;能提高荷瘤小鼠血清中IL-2水平,IL-2水平分别为84.627、106.915、136.911 ng/L.结论: 戴氏绿僵菌提取物在体内和体外均具有抑瘤作用,其抑瘤机理可能与提高机体免疫抑瘤能力有关.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.