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肝脏是基因治疗最佳靶器官之一,以肝脏为靶器官的基因治疗是临床基因治疗研究领域的一大热点。壳聚糖是自然界存在的唯一一种阳离子聚合物,具有无毒无免疫原性等优点,被广泛用作基因治疗的非病毒载体。壳聚糖上接枝肝靶向配体可提高其基因传递的肝靶向性,进行适当修饰后可提高其转染效率。另外,给药途径对壳聚糖介导的肝靶向传递也具有明显的影响。 相似文献
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目的 介绍前列腺癌主动靶向药物传递系统的研究进展。方法 查阅近年来国内外相关文献,对前列腺癌作用靶点为基础的主动靶向药物传递系统进行总结和归纳。结果 以前列腺特异性抗原和前列腺特异性膜抗原等作为靶点,应用抗体、适体或者多肽靶向修饰的脂质体、胶束、纳米粒、前体药物传递系统,可以将药物有效传递到前列腺癌靶组织、靶细胞,提高抗肿瘤药物作用效果。结论 主动靶向前列腺癌的药物传递系统具有广阔的研究和应用前景。 相似文献
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《沈阳药科大学学报》2017,(11):1018-1027
目的介绍甘草次酸修饰肝靶向药物传递系统研究进展,为该领域的深入研究和临床用药提供参考。方法查阅近5年国内外相关文献,对甘草次酸修饰的肝靶向药物传递系统进行归纳和总结。结果以甘草次酸受体为靶点,应用基于甘草次酸修饰的纳米药物传递系统(脂质体、纳米粒和聚合物胶束等)和甘草次酸-药物复合物将药物更有效地传递至肝组织、肝细胞中,提高抗肿瘤药物的作用效果。结论甘草次酸修饰肝靶向药物传递系统具有极大的研究价值和应用前景。 相似文献
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骨骼是人体重要的组成部分,随着人口老龄化以及肿瘤高发,骨相关疾病已经严重影响患者的生活质量。全身给药治疗骨类相关疾病存在靶向性差、副作用大、药物利用度低等缺点。骨靶向递药系统有效克服了传统给药方式治疗骨类相关疾病的缺陷,利用骨靶向基团对药物载体进行功能化修饰可有效提高药物疗效,降低成本,并减少不良反应。综述通过查阅相关文献,对近几年骨靶向系统的研究进展进行了归纳总结,介绍了骨靶向系统中骨靶向基团与纳米载体的应用,为骨靶向药物递送系统的深入研究开拓了新的思路。 相似文献
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癌症发病率逐年提高,已超越心血管疾病成为许多国家人口死亡的首要原因.目前上市的许多治疗药物最大弊端之一是缺乏肿瘤靶向性,药物不良反应大.纳米药物联合多肽介导肿瘤靶向能有效地克服药物被机体吞噬清除,能定向地将药物运送到靶部位,有效提高到达癌症部位和肿瘤细胞的药物量,实现药物的主动靶向,增加药物抗肿瘤效果,实现精准治疗,是... 相似文献
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化疗是目前临床癌症治疗的主要手段之一,主要通过静脉给药细胞毒药物,在杀伤肿瘤细胞的同时,往往会导致健康器官和组织的全身细胞毒性.最新研究表明,纳米金是一种高效的抗肿瘤药物载体,能够携带药物穿透血管和组织屏障进入肿瘤病灶,并特异性积蓄于肿瘤组织,有效降低化疗药物的机体不良反应.此外,金纳米粒子具有易修饰性,相比于其他纳米... 相似文献
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Purpose. To investigate the effect of poloxamine 908 on the MPS activity and the importance of its mode of presentation to the immune system.
Methods. Solutions of endotoxin free poloxamine 908 were injected daily intravenously to rats, and the effect on the degree of sequestration by the liver of I125 labelled, poloxamine 908-coated 60 nm polystyrene particles was investigated by studying effect of dosing regimen(s) and assessment of opsonic activity.
Results. After 3 or 4 days repeated dosing with poloxamine 908 (0.7 mg) in solution, the poloxamine 908-coated polystyrene particles (60 nm) were rapidly cleared from the circulation. The increased sequestration of the particles by the liver lasted for more than 7 days after last dosing with the poloxamine 908 solution. In subsequent studies, it was found that a single dose of poloxamine 908 (0.7 mg) in solution was sufficient to activate the MPS 4 days after the injection. The increased uptake was found not be mediated by a serum component, nor was it due to proliferation of the Kupffer cells in the liver.
Conclusions. The results provide evidence that a solution of endotoxin-free poloxamine 908 activates the MPS so that 4 days after injection otherwise long-term circulating poloxamine 908-coated particles are sequestered by the liver. This finding has implications for use of such coated systems in therapeutic situations. 相似文献
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脂质体在药物传递方面被广泛研究,但因结构稳定性差等因素使其应用受到了限制.壳聚糖是一种阳离子多糖,具有良好的生物相容性、生物降解性以及生物黏附性,并且可经化学改性成为性能更佳的壳聚糖衍生物.近年来,壳聚糖及其衍生物包覆脂质体在载药方面的研究得到了越来越多学者的关注.壳聚糖或其衍生物修饰脂质体,可提高其稳定性、黏附渗透性... 相似文献
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血-脑屏障阻碍药物进入脑组织,不利于中枢神经系统疾病的治疗.本文介绍了近年来脑靶向给药系统的研究进展,包括通过受体(如载脂蛋白受体、转铁蛋白受体等)介导的主动靶向系统、被动靶向系统(如纳米粒、碳纳米管等)及其他靶向系统(如磁性微粒、阳离子制剂等). 相似文献
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壳聚糖及其衍生物在眼部给药系统中的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
壳聚糖是一种阳离子型天然黏多糖,具有无毒、生物黏附性、生物相容性、促渗透性、生物可降解性和假塑性等优点,己被广泛应用于眼部给药系统中.本文综述了壳聚糖有关性质及其在眼部给药系统中的研究状况和局限性,旨在为壳聚糖在眼部给药系统中的进一步应用提供参考. 相似文献
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目的介绍近年来多肽修饰脂质体靶向药物递送系统的研究进展。方法查阅和归纳总结近几年相关文献。结果阐述了精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸(RGD)多肽、丙氨酸-脯氨酸-精氨酸-脯氨酸-甘氨酸(APRPG)多肽、细胞穿透肽(CPP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)等修饰脂质体的研究进展。多肽修饰的包载药物的脂质体可以增加药物在体内的选择性,减少药物毒副作用,提高药物治疗指数。结论多肽分子是机体内一类重要的生物活性物质,将其作为导向物以配体-受体特异性结合的方式应用于靶向药物递送系统,具有良好的研究价值和应用前景。 相似文献
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Dyer AM Hinchcliffe M Watts P Castile J Jabbal-Gill I Nankervis R Smith A Illum L 《Pharmaceutical research》2002,19(7):998-1008
Purpose. To investigate whether the widely accepted advantages associated with the use of chitosan as a nasal drug delivery system, might be further improved by application of chitosan formulated as nanoparticles.
Methods. Insulin-chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by the ionotropic gelation of chitosan glutamate and tripolyphosphate pentasodium and by simple complexation of insulin and chitosan. The nasal absorption of insulin after administration in chitosan nanoparticle formulations and in chitosan solution and powder formulations was evaluated in anaesthetised rats and/or in conscious sheep.
Results. Insulin-chitosan nanoparticle formulations produced a pharmacological response in the two animal models, although in both cases the response in terms of lowering the blood glucose levels was less (to 52.9 or 59.7% of basal level in the rat, 72.6% in the sheep) than that of the nasal insulin chitosan solution formulation (40.1% in the rat, 53.0% in the sheep). The insulin-chitosan solution formulation was found to be significantly more effective than the complex and nanoparticle formulations. The hypoglycaemic response of the rat to the administration of post-loaded insulin-chitosan nanoparticles and insulin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles was comparable. As shown in the sheep model, the most effective chitosan formulation for nasal insulin absorption was a chitosan powder delivery system with a bioavailability of 17.0% as compared to 1.3% and 3.6% for the chitosan nanoparticles and chitosan solution formulations, respectively.
Conclusion. It was shown conclusively that chitosan nanoparticles did not improve the absorption enhancing effect of chitosan in solution or powder form and that chitosan powder was the most effective formulation for nasal delivery of insulin in the sheep model. 相似文献
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目的介绍眼部给药系统的研究进展。方法查阅总结近年来眼部给药系统的最新研究成果,展望其发展前景。结果胶粒给药系统使不同阶段眼部疾病的治疗成为可能;靶向给药使得药物能够透过各种屏障到达眼部病变部位;原位凝胶显著延长了药物在眼部的滞留时间;可降解植入剂避免了释药后的二次手术;眼部电离子渗透技术大大降低了眼部治疗的创伤。结论随着临床医学、药物制剂学、高分子材料学的发展及新技术的应用,眼部给药系统在眼部疾病治疗中的应用更加广泛,具有很好的发展前景。 相似文献