修饰电极技术在维生素K_1含量测定中的应用

日的:寻找一种测定溶液中维生素K,含量的新方法、方法:由修饰玻碳电极为工作电极的三电极体系,用锁相交流溶出伏安法进行测定。结果:峰电流(ip)与维生素K1的浓度(c)在7.21 X 10-7g/ml～8.11×l0-6 g/ml范围内呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为7.8×10-8g/ml。结论:该方法与其它方法相比,简便、快捷,结果令人满意     

HPLC检测硫普罗宁片中有关物质

目的:建立高效液相色谱法测定硫普罗宁片中有关物质含量的方法。方法:采用ODS色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水(10∶90),用醋酸调节pH值至3.5;检测波长为210nm;流速:1.0m l/m in。结果:杂质与主成分能完全分离;最低检测量为20.0ng,线性浓度范围为0.2g/L~1.5g/L,精密度RSD=0.6%(n=5)。结论:HPLC检查方法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于硫普罗宁片中杂质含量的测定。     

异烟肼在电化学预处理玻碳电极上的电化学行为及其痕量测定

目的:研究异烟肼在电化学预处理玻碳电极上的电化学响应。方法:采用三电极系统,以电化学预处理玻碳电极为工作电极,饱和甘汞电极为参比电极,铂电极为对电极,用循环伏安法研究异烟肼的电化学行为。结果:异烟肼在预处理的玻碳电极上产生两个不可逆的还原峰,电位分别为-0.80V和-0.90V,其过程是一个表面吸附过程。发现在-0.90V出现的还原峰的峰电流与异烟肼的浓度在1.2×10-10~1.3×10-3mol/L的范围内成线性关系。异烟肼的检测限低达1.2×10-11mol/L(ta=40 s,S/N=3),平行8次测定1.2×10-6mol/L异烟肼的相对标准偏差为4.5%。在B ritton-Rob inson(B-R)缓冲溶液和在模拟尿样中的回收率分别为(101.7±3.8)%和(96.3±3.3)%。结论:该方法可灵敏测定微量异烟肼,可用于临床结核病患者药物浓度的监测。     

1年生黄芪中黄芪多糖对小鼠免疫器官指数的影响

[目的]探讨一年生黄芪中黄芪多糖对小鼠免疫器官指数的影响.[方法]取1年生黄芪经水提取后,用质量浓度为500,600,800mL/L乙醇分别进行沉淀,获得相应乙醇沉淀提取的黄芪多糖.采用硫酸-苯酚法分别测定各质量浓度乙醇提取的黄芪多糖中多糖含量,每日分别腹腔注射给予小鼠200mg/kg不同质量浓度乙醇提取的黄芪多糖10d,实验第7日开始每日分别腹腔注射给予各组小鼠环磷酰胺80mg/kg,连续4d,处死小鼠,测定脾脏及胸腺指数.[结果]500,600,800mL/L乙醇提取的黄芪多糖中多糖含量分别为530.7,407.6,463.8g/kg.500,600,800mL/L乙醇提取的黄芪多糖组小鼠脾脏指数均显著高于环磷酰胺组;500mL/L乙醇提取黄芪多糖组小鼠胸腺指数显著高于环磷酰胺组.[结论]1年生黄芪中的黄芪多糖对环磷酰胺所致小鼠免疫功能低下有拮抗作用.     

血清中胆固醇的示波极谱法测定及电极反应机制

目的 :研究血清中胆固醇示波极谱的直接测定方法及电极反应机制。方法 :在磷酸缓冲溶液中 ,在JP 2示波极谱仪上于 - 0 .9～ 1.4V范围内扫描。在上述条件下 ,用多种电化学方法 (极谱法 ,循环伏安法等 )研究了胆固醇的电极反应动力学参数。结果 :胆固醇在滴汞电极上于 - 1.0 7V和 - 1.15V产生 2灵敏极谱波 ,后者的灵敏度高于前者 ,且其峰电流于胆固醇浓度在 2 .0× 10 -6～ 7.1× 10 -4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检测限达 1.0×10 -6mol/L。检测回收率平均值为 10 1.6 %。电子转移数为 2 ,电极反应速率常数为 0 .6 82。结论 :示波极谱法可用于血清中微量胆固醇的直接测定 ,结果满意。该法具有快速、简便、灵敏度高、干扰少等优点     

荧光定量PCR方法探讨黄芪注射液对巨噬细胞吞噬结核杆菌的影响

目的: 探讨黄芪注射液对巨噬细胞吞噬结核杆菌的作用.方法: 以浓度为0(对照组),0.05,0.2,0.6,1.5,4 g/L的黄芪注射液100 μL与RPMI1640灌洗小鼠腹腔获得的巨噬细胞及结核杆菌共同孵育,采用荧光定量PCR法检测巨噬细胞对结核杆菌的吞噬能力.结果: 在黄芪注射液浓度为0.2,0.6,1.5,4 g/L时,黄芪对巨噬细胞吞噬结核杆菌有明显的促进作用.并且以1.5 g/L浓度为最佳.结论: 黄芪可以提高巨噬细胞对结核杆菌的吞噬作用,并具有双相性,当其浓度过高时具有抑制巨噬细胞吞噬结核杆菌的作用.本研究为临床治疗结核病提供了理论依据和新的思路.     

用亚甲基兰作为电化学活性物质进行DNA杂交的电化学检测

【目的】研制1个以亚甲基兰(MB)为电化学活性物质的电化学DNA生物传感器。【方法】寡聚DNA探针通过-SH与Au的反应而连到金电极表面,用线性扫描伏安法检测电极表面DNA是否组装完成;用与探针DNA完全互补的ssDNA溶液与探针进行杂交反应。【结果】与目标DNA杂交后,dsDNA电极较ssDNA探针电极的峰电流显著增加,当目标DNA的浓度在5.0×10-10到1.8×10-9mol/L时,MB的峰电流与目标DNA浓度呈线性关系,检出限是5.0×10-10mol/L。【结论】用亚甲基兰(MB)作为电化学活性指示剂,具有高度的灵敏性,可成功对特定DNA片断进行选择性的识别和测定。     

流动注射-氢化物发生-原子吸收法测定中药提取物中微量砷

目的：探讨流动注射-氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法(FI-HG—AAS)测定微量砷时的最佳条件，建立中药提取物中微量砷的FI-HG-AAS分析方法。方法：流动注射-氢化物发生．原子吸收光谱法。结果：在优化的工作条件下测定砷的检出限为0．56μg/L，线性范围0．6～30μg/L，相对标准偏差小于5%，加标回收率为91％～104％。应用于实际样品中微量砷的测定，获得满意结果。结论：本法克服了传统间断氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法分析速度慢、样品耗量大、操作繁锁等缺点，方法操作简便、快速，灵敏度及自动化程度高。     

多巴胺在纳米金/氰霉氨修饰金电极上的电化学行为

目的:探索一种利用纳米金(Nano - Au)修饰电极测定多巴胺(DA)的新型检测方法.方法:通过循环伏安法(CV)对纳米金修饰电极进行表征并研究多巴胺(DA)在此修饰电极上的电化学性质.结果:在pH为7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中,多巴胺在该修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电流与DA浓度成线性关系.利用差分脉冲法(DPV)测定DA的浓度在1.0×10-6 mol/L～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限为5.6×10-7mol/L.结论:本方法用于多巴胺针剂的检测具有检出限低,稳定性好的特点,可灵敏、准确地获得满意的结果.     

用离子选择电极测定饮用水中微量碘化物的方法

<正> 目前地甲病区饮用水中碘化物含量测定所采用的淀粉比色法和接触法,不但重现性不好,而且操作繁琐。我们用HDI—1型电极测定饮用水中微量碘化物含量,效果较好,且方法简便,现简报如下: 一、实验原理碘化银——硫化银膜电极对碘离子的感应非常灵敏,而且选择性很强。在一定pH值时,1～5×10~(-(?))M碘离子的响应电位与其浓度的负对数之间成直线关系,并符合能斯特方程,碘离子浓度相差十倍时,响应电位变化约59毫伏,而且pI在7～8碘化物含量时允许活度代替浓度。二、仪器和试剂     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.