同性恋、易性癖乃天生——性别认同由基因决定

美国研究人员声称:性别认同根植于基因。这一观点认为同性恋和异性癖不是个人的后天选择而是由先天决定。“我们的发现有助于回答一个重要问题——为什么我们感觉自己是男性或女性?”加州大学     

2019年中国医学科学院皮肤病医院门诊病种分析

【摘要】 目的 分析2019年中国医学科学院皮肤病医院门诊就诊患者初诊及复诊皮肤病病种。方法 收集2019年1月1日至12月31日中国医学科学院皮肤病医院门诊电子病历信息系统数据,回顾性分析门诊就诊患者初诊、复诊诊断病种。结果 2019年诊疗人次为1 440 580,日均诊疗人次4 332。其中,初诊941 755例,占65.37%;复诊498 825人次,占34.63%。初诊中前10位的病种依次为湿疹、痤疮、荨麻疹、银屑病、脂溢性皮炎、白癜风、神经性皮炎、色素痣、足癣、甲癣,合计739 175人次,占初诊总门诊量的78.49%。复诊中前10位的病种依次是湿疹、痤疮、银屑病、荨麻疹、白癜风、脂溢性皮炎、神经性皮炎、色素痣、瘢痕疙瘩、玫瑰痤疮,合计399 594人次,占复诊总门诊量的80.11%。结论 2019年本院门诊病种以湿疹、痤疮等常见病为主。     

Cutaneous histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and clinical manifestations in patients with hemophagocytic syndrome. Military Medical Consortium for Applied Retroviral Research (MMCARR).

BACKGROUND AND DESIGN--The hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is characterized by fever, wasting, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and pancytopenia, often with associated coagulopathy. The most common cutaneous manifestations are panniculitis and purpura. Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis fits within the spectrum of HPS, and the most consistent histopathologic feature in HPS is a proliferation of mature histiocytes that exhibit prominent erythrophagocytosis and cytophagocytosis. The clinical spectrum, the underlying causes, and the histopathologic features found in HPS are broad. The characteristic phagocytic histiocytes seen in HPS have been confused with malignant histiocytes in the past, but are now known to be reactive. The clinical findings, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of 10 cases of HPS with cutaneous lesions were reviewed. Immunohistochemical markers included KP-1, beta F-1, UCHL-1, L-26, MAC-387, factor XIIIa, and S100 protein. RESULTS--The HPS was associated with T-cell lymphoma and/or viral infection. Most biopsy specimens showed edema and hemorrhage with a lymphohistiocytic infiltrate and prominent histiocytic cells showing erythrophagocytosis and, in some cases, cytophagocytosis. The histiocytic cells showed positive reactions for KP-1 and negative reactions for the lymphoid markers. In all cases the lymphoid cells showed a mixed pattern with most cells positive for beta F-1 and UCHL-1, and a small percentage positive for L-26. CONCLUSION--In HPS, the prominent phagocytic histiocytes are reactive and are stimulated by T-cell lymphocytes, either neoplastic or in response to viral infection. Many of the findings in the HPS may also be due directly or indirectly to cytokines produced by proliferating T-cell lymphocytes and/or reactive phagocytic histiocytes.     

Papular eruption of human immunodeficiency virus disease. A review of the clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings in 48 cases. The Military Medical Consortium for Applied Retroviral Research.

The papular eruption (PE) associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection, although described as a distinctive clinicopathologic entity, has shown a wide range of histologic findings ranging from eosinophilic folliculitis to granuloma annulare. We examined 48 cases of the PE in order to define the histologic spectrum of these lesions, and to correlate these findings with clinical presentations. The most distinctive clinical features are the frequency of these lesions in this population, the large number of lesions, pruritus, and the chronic nature of the lesions. Histologically, the distinctive features are the prominent perivascular factor XIIIa-positive dermal dendritic cells, atypical vascular proliferation, and dermal fibrosis sometimes associated with diffuse necrobiotic changes.