盘状半月板的关节镜下治疗18例

目的探讨关节镜下盘状半月板的治疗方法与疗效。方法首先经膝关节前外侧入路置入关节镜,对患膝进行系统检查后,依据盘状半月板分型及损伤程度决定手术方式和半月板切除范围。18例盘状半月板,15例行关节镜下成形术,3例肌腱部自关节囊缘较广泛撕裂因无法成形而行全切术。1例自R区纵向撕裂在成形后行缝合修补术。结果按Ikeuchi氏膝关节评价等级:优10例(55.6%),好5例(27.8%),良3例(16.7%)。结论关节镜下盘状半月板成形术可获得优良疗效。     

成形联合修补术在盘状半月板损伤治疗中的应用

目的:观察半月板成形联合修补技术在治疗盘状半月板损伤的疗效。方法:2005年6月至2009年12月,28例行关节镜下盘状半月板成形术联合修补缝合技术,年龄6～42岁,平均32岁;男23例,女5例。关节镜下判定半月板的性质和撕裂的类型与范围,采用成形联合修补缝合技术治疗盘状半月板边缘撕裂,术后支具保护8周,6个月内避免剧烈运动。术后采用Lysholm关节功能评分标准进行疗效评定。结果:术后随访3～36个月,平均8个月。Lysholm关节功能评分:术前62～74分,平均(67.23±5.24)分;术后80～96分,平均(87.24±5.26)分。未出现再撕裂或因为症状复发再手术的病例。结论:盘状半月板成形术联合边缘破裂修补缝合技术对于盘状半月板撕裂的治疗具有较好的临床效果,可以作为其手术选择方案之一。     

盘状软骨的关节镜下治疗及临床特点

目的　总结盘状软骨的关节镜下治疗的方法和疗效及临床特点 ,为日后更好的诊治盘状半月板提供依据。方法　 31例(31膝 )盘状软骨患者分别采用关节镜下成形术 2 7例和全切术 3例、 1例边缘撕裂成形后缝合修补术。结果　按Ikeuchi氏膝关节评价等级评定疗效 :优 17例 (5 4 8%) ,良 11例 (35 5 %) ,可 3例 (9 7%)。 3例术后自述有弹响 ,查体见其中 2例有外侧半月残留部不稳的体征。结论　盘状软骨在膝关节屈伸运动中所产生的非生理性运动 ,易造成盘状软骨的破裂、关节软骨磨损以至关节软骨早期出现退行性改变等 ,症状性盘状软骨一旦发现 ,无论破裂与否均应早期手术。关节镜下盘状软骨成形术可获得优良疗效。盘状软骨引发的弹响交锁有其特征性临床特点 ;MRI对盘状软骨诊断有确诊意义。     

关节镜下半月板成形缝合术治疗盘状半月板损伤的近期疗效研究

目的评价关节镜下半月板成形缝合术治疗盘状半月板损伤的近期疗效。方法回顾性研究本组行单侧膝关节镜下半月板成形缝合术的盘状半月板患者,47例随访超过12个月,评价半月板撕裂类型和稳定性,其中稳定型34例、不稳型13例,根据撕裂、不稳部位使用Fas T-Fix、MM-Ⅱ缝合器缝合,比较术前、术后和稳定型、不稳型盘状半月板的膝关节活动度、Lysholm评分和IKDC评分。结果盘状半月板损伤关节镜下半月板成形缝合术患者膝关节活动度由术前(121±11)°提高到术后(133±7)°,Lysholm评分由术前(72±7)分提高到术后(93±4)分、IKDC评分由术前(65±5)分提高到术后(86±7)分,稳定型和不稳型的术后活动度、Lysholm评分、IKDC评分无统计学差异。结论关节镜下半月板成形缝合术能够有效治疗盘状半月板损伤,取得满意的近期疗效;合理缝合治疗不稳型盘状半月板早期临床效果与稳定型盘状半月板相同。     

半月板成形术治疗盘状半月板损伤疗效分析

目的总结28例关节镜下盘状半月板成形术的临床效果,分析手术方式影响治疗效果的因素,探讨关节镜下盘状半月板成形术治疗膝关节外侧盘状半月板的方法与疗效。方法选择2008年5月至2010年3月在我科行关节镜下半月板成形术治疗的盘状半月板损伤28例,其中男性10例,女性18例,年龄13~47岁,平均25.3岁。根据W atanabe分型,其中完全型11例,非完全型17例,W risberg韧带型0例。所有病例在关节镜下行半月板成形术,术后随访6~20个月,平均13.2个月。结果所有病例手术后关节交锁症状全部消失。根据Lysho lm评分进行疗效评价,优19例,良7例,可2例,优良率92.86%。结论半月板成形术可以最大程度地保留半月板解剖结构,使其发挥有效功能。     

膝关节镜下治疗盘状半月板损伤

目的观察膝关节镜下手术治疗膝关节盘状半月板损伤的疗效。方法1999年7月～2003年6月,行膝关节镜下外侧盘状半月板成形术45例49膝(41例单侧,4例双侧),其中完全型32膝,不完全型17膝。常规关节镜检查,根据盘状半月板损伤状况,实施关节镜下盘状半月板部分切除术44膝(其中3膝同时做半月板缝合术)、盘状半月板全切除术5膝。术后早期开始肌力训练和关节活动练习。结果本组45例手术全部成功,无手术并发症。40例获1年8个月～5年7个月(平均3年3个月)的随访。根据Lysholm-Ⅱ评分系统做术前及随访时膝关节功能评定,术前评分平均55分(40～71分),随访时评分平均88分(60～100分),优良率为85.3%。结论膝关节镜下盘状半月板成形术是治疗盘状半月板损伤的最好方法之一,手术损伤小,恢复快,并发症少,可最大限度保存半月板结构和功能。配合正规的康复训练,可获得良好疗效。     

盘状软骨的关节镜下治疗及临床特点

目的 总结盘状软骨的关节镜下治疗的方法和疗效及临床特点，为日后更好的诊治盘状半月板提供依据。方法 31例（31膝）盘状软骨患者分别采用关节镜下成形术27例和全切术3例、1例边缘撕裂成形后缝合修补术。结果 按Ikeuchi氏膝关节评价等级评定疗效；优17例（54．8％），良11例（35．5％），可3例（9．7％）。3例术后自述有弹响，查体见其中2例有外侧半月残留部不稳的体征。结论 盘状软骨在膝关节屈伸运动中所产生的非生理性运动，易造成盘状软骨的破裂、关节软骨磨损以至关节软骨早期出现退行性改变等，症状性盘状软骨一旦发现，无论破裂与否均应早期手术。关节镜下盘状软骨成形术可获得优良疗效。盘状软骨引发的弹响交锁有其特征性临床特点；MRI对盘状软骨诊断有确认意义。     

关节镜下盘状半月板成形术48例分析

目的对关节镜下盘状半月板成形术疗效总结。方法对盘状半月板48例关节镜下行盘状半月板成形术。结果手术全部成功。术后除3例有轻度的弹响外，其余症状全部消失。术后6个月膝关节功能评定，优32例，良12例，一般4例，差0例，优良率是91．7％。结论盘状半月板成形术能尽量地保留半月板的功能，延缓关节的退变。合并边缘撕裂应同时行缝合修复。     

膝关节镜治疗盘状半月板损伤21例分析

目的:探讨膝关节镜下外侧盘状半月板损伤手术治疗的方法和疗效.方法:2003年7月～2010年6月,21例外侧盘状半月板损伤患者行关节镜下盘状半月板部分切除成形术.结果:无手术并发症.术后均获得随访例,随访时间3～20个月,平均10.5个月.按Ikeuch评定标准:优16例,良3例,可2例.结论:膝关节镜下盘状半月板成形术治疗盘状半月板损伤具有手术创伤小、康复快、并发症少的优点,目前是治疗盘状半月板损伤的最好方法.     

部分切除和边缘缝合术治疗外侧盘状半月板损伤

[目的]观察关节镜下部分切除和边缘缝合术治疗外侧盘状半月板损伤的必要性及临床疗效。[方法]2006年1月～2009年6月,共收治32例外侧盘状软骨损伤,男13例,女19例;平均年龄27岁(15～51岁);术前均主诉膝外侧疼痛或活动受限,McMurray试验阳性,经MRI证实外侧盘状半月板损伤。所有病例均经关节镜检查证实,关节镜下切除盘状半月板中央部的白区部分,修整呈正常的半月板形状后,采用由外向内法或全内缝合法缝合撕裂的半月板边缘部分。27例患者得到随访,平均随访17个月(13～22个月),以最后一次随访的Lysholm膝关节评分评价手术前后膝关节功能。[结果](1)32例均有盘状半月板中央部白区的撕裂,前角边缘撕裂23例,体部边缘撕裂19例,后角边缘撕裂8例;(2)本组单纯部分切除成形术者仅4例,其余28例均同时进行了边缘缝合;(3)随访的27例患者术后关节疼痛及活动受限的症状均得到缓解,McMurray试验阴性;(4)术后最后一次随访的Lysholm评分从术前平均47分(32～65分)提高到平均88分(75～98分),根据改良的Lysholm膝关节分级标准,优19例,良5例,可3例,优良率达88.9%。[结论]外侧盘状半月板损伤常存在边缘撕裂,成形后应注意辨别,缝合撕裂的盘状半月板边缘有利于术后外侧半月板结构的稳定。     

Congenital discoid lateral meniscus in children. A follow-up study and evolution of management

Fifty-two children with 62 discoid lateral menisci were reviewed at an average follow-up of 5.5 years. Their average age at operation was 10.5 years and the mean delay in diagnosis was 24 months. Most of the children had vague and intermittent symptoms and the classical clunk was demonstrable in only 39% of the knees. An associated osteochondritis dissecans of the lateral femoral condyle was seen in seven knees. Forty-eight knees with symptomatic torn discoid menisci underwent open total lateral meniscectomy, six had arthroscopic partial meniscectomy and eight knees with intact discoid menisci, were left alone. Based on Ikeuchi's grading (Ikeuchi 1982), 37% of the knees had an excellent result, 47% had a good result and 16% had a fair result: none was poor. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is recommended only when the posterior attachment of the discoid meniscus is stable. A total meniscectomy is indicated for the Wrisberg-ligament type of discoid meniscus with posterior instability.     

Lateral discoid meniscus: Treatment and results

Forty-six patients (47 knees) who had symptomatic discoid lateral menisci were operated on between August 1981 and May 1989. The patients were categorized according to Watanabe's classifications: complete (80.8%), incomplete (10.6%), and Wrisberg type (8.5%). The treatment of the discoid meniscus is based on total or partial meniscectomy, achieved by the percutaneous or arthrometric technique. Of the 47 knees, 30 underwent a follow-up evaluation. Using Ikeuchi's knee scale, 27 cases (90%) had either excellent or good ratings, and 3 (10%) received fair ratings. There were no poor outcomes. The results in the knees treated by partial meniscectomy were better than those in the knees treated with total meniscectomy.     

Cautious surgery for discoid menisci

This retrospective study reviewed the outcomes of 43 knees in 38 patients with discoid menisci treated from 1977 to 1989. Patients underwent either no treatment, trimming, or subtotal or total resection. Approximately 40% of patients who underwent meniscectomy or partial meniscectomy had a fair or poor rating after an average follow-up of 6.5 years. Pathology demonstrating mucoid fibrinous degeneration within the discoid meniscus was found in many cases, showing abnormal meniscal tissue. Only one third of these knees had symptoms of locking, and only 20 (63%) of 32 had a positive arthrogram, demonstrating the diagnostic difficulties encountered with the discoid meniscus. Patients with a discoid meniscus who are symptomatic should undergo arthroscopy. A partial meniscectomy should be performed to achieve a smooth meniscus and a strong, stable peripheral rim.     

膝关节半月板损伤的关节镜微创治疗

目的 探讨膝关节半月板损伤在关节镜下治疗的方法以及疗效。方法 对165例膝关节半月板损伤患者应用膝关节镜诊治进行回顾性分析本组施行半月板部分切除成形术127例（其中包括部分切除及囊肿切除3例．盘状半月板部分切除成形术12例）,大部分切除13例,全切除2例,表面修整10例,修补13例;同时行镜下前交叉韧带重建术47例,后交叉韧带重建7例,前、后交叉韧带同时重建2例,内侧皱襞切除术15例。结果137例患者后术后复查,追踪时间2～32个月,81例平均Lysholm-II评分为92分（前、后交叉韧带重建术56例不参与评分）,较术前提高49分。结论 应用关节镜进行治疗半月板损伤可达到最大限度保留半月板,创伤小、恢复快、疗效佳,并可同时处理其他病变,诊断准确性高,避免漏诊。     

Management of discoid lateral meniscus tears: Observations in 34 knees

Purpose: The goal of this study was to evaluate arthroscopic partial resection of discoid lateral meniscus tears with an emphasis on radiographic evidence of degenerative changes after this procedure. Type of Study: Retrospective clinical study. Methods: Of 41 patients with an arthroscopic diagnosis of discoid meniscus over an 8-year period, 34 symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus tears in 33 patients were analyzed at an average follow-up of 5.6 years. The average age at operation was 19.8 years and most patients had vague and intermittent symptoms that caused delay in clinical diagnosis. Results: Eight patients were lost to follow-up and were excluded from the study. Magnetic resonance imaging, performed in 12 cases, and arthroscopy in all of these patients provided the precise diagnosis. All of the knees with symptomatic torn discoid menisci underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Only 1 Watanabe Wrisberg ligament type of discoid meniscus with posterior instability was totally meniscected. Based on Ikeuchi's grading, 39% of the knees had an excellent result, 46% had a good result, and 15% had a fair result; none of the results was poor. Conclusions: At an average 5-year follow-up, partial meniscectomy in patients with a Watanabe complete or incomplete discoid meniscus showed 85% good or excellent clinical results. However, a significant percentage of patients show femoral condyle flattening on radiography.Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 19, No 4 (April), 2003: pp 346–352     

Arthroscopic meniscectomy for discoid lateral meniscus in children and adolescents: 10-year follow-up.

Seventeen adolescents underwent arthroscopic lateral meniscectomy for discoid lateral meniscus. The average age at surgery was 13.6 years (range: 5-18 years). The main preoperative symptom was pain in 16 knees and extension loss in 1 knee. At arthroscopy, 10 menisci were complete, 4 were incomplete, and 3 were Wrisberg type. Arthroscopic total meniscectomy was performed in the 3 Wrisberg types, 2 complete types, and 1 incomplete type. The remaining menisci underwent partial meniscectomy. The average follow-up was 10 years (range: 5-15 years). According to the Ikeuchi rating system, 12 knees were rated as excellent (no symptoms and full range of motion), 4 were rated as good (occasional pain), and 1 was rated as fair (patellofemoral pain in an obese patient). Radiographic evaluation showed development of minor osteophytes in the lateral compartment of 8 knees and <50% narrowing of the lateral joint space in 11 knees. No correlation was found between meniscal type, type of meniscectomy (partial or total), and clinical and radiographic results. Arthroscopic lateral meniscectomy for discoid lateral meniscus in adolescents was effective in relieving symptoms during a 10-year follow-up period. Longer follow-up is needed to ascertain the significance of the radiographic changes seen in this study.     

Arthroscopic treatment of the discoid lateral meniscus: results of long-term follow-up

Twenty-two patients (25 knees) were evaluated at an average follow-up of 54 months for clinical results of arthroscopic treatment of the discoid lateral meniscus syndrome. Discoid lateral menisci were classified arthroscopically as incomplete (92%) or complete (8%); no Wrisberg-type lesions were noted. Three patients (14%) had bilateral lesions. Symptomatic torn discoid menisci (20 knees) and torn discoid menisci with other significant symptomatic lesions (3 knees) underwent arthroscopic partial lateral meniscectomy utilizing the saucerization technique. Asymptomatic intact discoid menisci (2 knees) were left unresected. Using the knee scale of Ikeuchi, 55% of the symptomatic torn lesions were rated as excellent or good, 30% were rated as fair, and 15% were rated as poor at follow-up. Two of the 3 asymptomatic torn lesions were rated as excellent or good, as were both of the intact discoid lesions. Factors associated with an unsatisfactory rating at follow-up included preexistent degenerative changes, age, and sex. Duration of symptoms, type of discoid tear, and length of follow-up were not necessarily related to outcome results. Seven knees (28%) required arthroscopic reevaluation at a postoperative average of 23 months, documenting apparent physiologic function of the saucerized rim in 4 patients and failure of saucerization in 3 patients (12%). Overall, 14 of the 22 patients in this study (64%) resumed a normal activity level postoperatively, including 61% of those with symptomatic torn discoid lateral menisci.     

关节镜微创手术治疗膝关节半月板损伤

目的探讨关节镜微创手术治疗膝关节半月板损伤的方法及疗效。方法回顾性分析应用膝关节镜诊治膝关节半月板损伤患者63例,施行半月板部分切除成形术16例,部分切除及囊肿切除3例,盘状半月板部分切除成形术4例,半月板全切除5例,半月板破裂缝合35例（包括合并有前十字韧带损伤3例,前十字韧带和内侧副韧带同时损伤1例,后十字韧带损伤1例）。采用Lysholm评分评定膝关节功能,术前Lysholm评分平均为（48.6±6.2）分。结果全部获得随访,随访时间为1～23个月,平均10个月。术后Lysholm评分平均为（90.5±5.8）分,较术前有显著提高,差异有统计学意义（t=4.12,P〈0.01）。结论关节镜微创手术治疗半月板损伤,综合应用缝合技术可达到最大限度保留半月板,创伤小、恢复快、疗效佳,并可同时处理其他病变。     

膝关节镜治疗老年人盘状半月板损伤

目的探讨膝关节镜治疗老年人盘状半月板损伤的疗效。方法对19例外侧盘状半月板损伤的老年患者进行关节镜手术,依具体损伤情况采用半月板成形术15例,次全切除术2例,全切除术2例。同时对伴随的骨关节炎、关节游离体、内侧半月板损伤、滑膜皱襞增生给予切除增生滑膜、关节软骨修整、游离体取出及内侧损伤半月板次全切除。结果18例获得随访,时间6～24（15±9）个月,按Ikeuchi膝关节评分标准：优13例,良2例,可2例,差1例。结论膝关节镜下治疗老年人盘状半月板损伤可以获得良好的效果。     

Discoid meniscus in children and adolescents. Our experience in the treatment and follow-up

The purpose of this study was to review the clinical results of partially external meniscectomy performed on 33 arthroscopies in paediatric patients with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. In this retrospective cases series, a partial meniscectomy was performed in all patients. Patients age ranged between 4 and 14 years with an average of 9 years. We used the Watanabe classification for the morphological study of the discoid menisci. Clinical results were determined according to a modified Ikeuchi scale. The results were 25 excellent, two good and one poor. Complications were presented in four patients who developed osteochondritis of the external condyle and external tibial plateau. The arthroscopy is considered a diagnostic and treatment method in symptomatic external discoid meniscus.