上海某社区糖尿病及糖尿病前期的患病率调查

目的调查上海某社区居民糖尿病及糖尿病前期的患病率。方法选择上海某社区年龄在18岁以上的重点人群作为调查对象,给予实验室检测和问卷调查,观察糖尿病前期患者的患病率及其与年龄、体质指数(BMI)的关系。结果被调查的1379名居民中符合糖耐量受损(IGR)诊断标准175人,患病率为12.7%,其中糖调节受损(IGT)115人,患病率8.3%;空腹血糖受损(IFG)38人,患病率为2.75;IFG/IGT 22人,患病率1.59%。符合糖尿病诊断标准112人,患病率为8.12%,其中原有糖尿病78人,新发现糖尿病34人。患病率随着年龄的增高有上升的趋势。IFG患病率、IGT患病率及IFG/IGT患病率均在40～49岁组最高,分别为2.89%、13.50%、3.53%。不同年龄组患病率与BMI呈正相关(r=0.967)。结论糖尿病前期患者的患病率随着年龄、BMI增长而增高,对重点人群进行糖尿病前期筛查,以便及早干预,对社区开展糖尿病综合防治工作具有积极意义。     

山东地区20岁及以上人群2008年糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率调查

目的了解山东地区成人糖尿病及糖尿病前期的流行病学特点。方法2008年5月到7月采用多级多层整体抽样方法,选取山东省济南、淄博、济宁、德州4个地区常住居民3011人为调查对象,其中男1328人,女1683人,年龄20～76岁,平均（51±12）岁。隔夜空腹行口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTr）,检测空腹血糖及餐后2h血糖诊断受试者中糖尿病及糖尿病前期患者。根据性别、年龄（10年为一间隔）分层分组对各组糖脂代谢状态进行比较分析。组间均数的比较采用单因素方差分析,率的比较采用X2检验。结果糖尿病及糖尿病前期粗患病率分别为12．6％（378／3011）[男性12．9％（171／1328）,女性12．3％（207／1683）]和8．8％（266／3011）[男性8．6％（114／1328）,女性9．0％（152／1683）],标化后分别为9．9％（男性10．9％,女性8．8％）和7．3％（男性7．6％,女性6．9％）。糖尿病及糖尿病前期患病率的性别差异均无统计学意义（x。=0．225,0．184,均P〉0．05）。男女糖尿病患病率均随年龄增长而升高（）（。=57．296、109．882,均P〈0．05）。新诊断糖尿病患者156例,占总糖尿病患者的41．3％。糖尿病前期患者中单纯糖耐量受损明显多于单纯空腹血糖受损（分别为74．1％和16．9％）。城市居民糖尿病患病率高于农村居民（13．5％比10．9％,x2=4．25,P〈0．05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示增龄、家族史、腹型肥胖、收缩压升高、心率增快、甘油三酯升高、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高为发生糖代谢异常的危险因素（OR=1．623、2．150、1．758、1．132、1．214、1．130、1．171,均P〈0．05）;HDL—C是发生糖代谢异常的保护因素（OR=0．617,P〈0．05）。结论山东地区糖尿病患病率为9．9％,糖尿病前期患病率7．3％,须采取更加有效的措施预防、及早诊断和治疗糖代谢异常。     

新诊断2型糖尿病和糖尿病前期人群中糖尿病视网膜病变患病率及危险因素分析

目的了解新诊断2型糖尿病（T2DM）和糖尿病（DM）前期人群中视网膜病变的患病情况及影响因素,为是否需要对他们进行早期常规眼底检查和干预提供理论依据。方法问卷调查400名新诊断DM和DM前期患者的血糖资料,并用免散瞳眼底照相行眼底筛查,计算糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）患病率。结果共发现16例非增生型DR。DR患病率在新诊断的DM、IGT、IFG中分别为5.4%、3.7%、6.9%,糖耐量正常者中未发现DR。结论新诊断T2DM和DM前期人群中DR患病率较低,对其行早期常规眼底筛查的临床意义有待论证。     

中国亚热带地区糖尿病患病率调查

中国亚热带地区糖尿病患病率调查于志清潘海林黎英荣胡世红陈国娟邹劲涛吕祥振黄瑞衡刘红曾志羽黄美明有学者报道［１，２］热带及亚热带地区糖尿病的流行与发达国家不同，有特殊的糖尿病类型，称为营养不良相关性糖尿病（ＭＲＤＭ）。我国尚未见报道。为此我们于１９９３...     

浙江省成人糖尿病患病率调查

目的 了解浙江省18岁以上城乡居民糖尿病流行特征及知晓情况.方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,于2010年7月至11月对浙江省15个县区17437例18岁以上的居民进行横断面调查.调查内容包括问卷调查、医学体检和血样采集.结果 浙江省18岁以上居民经年龄、性别和地区调整后的糖尿病标化患病率为5.94％(粗患病率8.80％),与2002年浙江省患病率3.02％相比,8年的患病率增幅达到96.67％.城市和农村糖尿病标化患病率分别为7.52％(粗患病率11.33％)和5.19％(粗患病率7.09％),城市和农村标化患病率差异有显著性(u=6.58,P＜0.05).男性和女性标化患病率分别是5.74％(粗患病率8.36％)、6.15％(粗患病率9.13％),男性和女性糖尿病标化患病率差异无显著性(u=1.39,P＞0.05);浙江省居民糖尿病知晓率为59.19％,男性知晓率56.66％,女性知晓率61.23％,男性和女性糖尿病知晓率差异无显著性(x2=3.26,P＞0.05).城市居民知晓率为63.47％,农村知晓率为54.69％.城市农村居民糖尿病知晓率差异有显著性(x2=12.20,P＜0.01).结论 浙江省糖尿病患病率呈快速增长趋势,应及早采取有效的干预措施.     

云南大理白族老年糖尿病前期和糖尿病流行病学调查以及危险因素分析

目的探讨云南大理白族老年糖尿病前期及糖尿病的流行现状,并分析相关危险因素。方法采用多阶段、随机整群抽样方法,于2014年1~12月对1845例包括城镇、农村、城乡结合部居住5年的年龄≥60岁的大理白族人群进行横断面调查,男性939例,女性906例。结果 1845例入选者中,糖尿病前期患病率38.45%,男性44.70%,女性33.00%,男性患病率高于女性(P0.01);糖尿病患病率17.02%,男性20.48%,女性13.46%,男女性患病率比较无统计学差异(P0.05);农村、城镇和城乡结合部居民的糖尿病前期患病率(男性36.34%vs43.09%vs 51.87%,女性26.41%vs 32.00%vs 40.83%)、糖尿病患病率(男性11.50%vs 20.52%vs 22.97%,女性为6.01%vs 14.78%vs 19.81%)比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);空腹血糖受损(IFG)、单纯糖耐量受损(IGT)、IFG+IGT患病率分别为9.95%、51.88%、38.17%,其中男性分别为10.98%、50.23%、38.79%,女性分别为8.54%、54.11%、37.34%。尿酸、高盐饮食、主食摄入量、糖尿病家族史糖尿病和糖尿病前期独立危险因素,牛奶摄入量、HDL-C为糖尿病和糖尿病前期保护因素。结论云南大理老年白族糖尿病前期及糖尿病流行状况严峻,加强糖尿病教育是防治2型糖尿病发生的重要措施,强调血压、血糖、血脂、尿酸、体质量的综合控制。     

湖北地区人群糖尿病患病率的观察

我们于1994～1995年对湖北省江南部分地区年龄＞25岁的工人、农民和知识分子共9836人进行了糖尿病流行病学调查,现报道如下。对象和方法1．对象：以湖北省武汉钢铁公司炼铁厂、炼钢厂的工人;铁道部第四勘测设计院的知识分子;蒲沂县新店镇四个自然村的农民为普查对象。年龄＞     

中国12个地区中老年人糖尿病患病率调查

目的　调查中国 4 0～ 99岁一般人群中糖尿病和糖耐量低减 (IGT)的患病现状。方法采用分级整群抽样方法 ,在 1997年 8月～ 1998年 8月期间横断面调查中国 12个地区的 4 0～ 99岁居民2 9 5 5 8人。结果　中国 4 0～ 99岁一般人群中糖尿病的标化患病率为 5 .89% (95 %CI:5 .6 2 %～ 6 .16 % ) ,IGT标化患病率为 5 .90 % (95 %CI:5 .6 3～ 6 .17% ) ,12个地区之间的糖尿病标化患病率和IGT标化患病率有显著性区别 (χ2 =84 .5 ,P <1× 10 -5) ,城乡之间的糖尿病患病率 (城 :6 .8% ,乡 :3.8% ,χ2 =12 4 .2 ,P <1× 10 -5)和IGT患病率 (城 :6 .1% ,乡 :5 .3% ,χ2 =11.6 ,P =0 .0 0 0 7)有显著性区别 ,总体上各年龄组之间的糖尿病患病率 (χ2 =12 4 .2 ,P <1× 10 -5)和IGT患病率 (χ2 =11.6 ,P =0 .0 0 0 7)也有显著性区别 ,并呈现增龄性上升的趋势。结论　中老年人糖尿病患病率有地区和城乡差别 ,总体上有随年龄增长而增加的现象     

江苏地区糖尿病、代谢综合征患病率现况调查

目的调查2008年江苏地区糖尿病、代谢综合征（MS）及其相关疾病的患病情况。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,对该人群进行问卷调查,并行空腹血糖、口服葡萄糖耐量试验、血脂、身高、体质量、腰臀围、体质指数、血压检测。糖尿病采用1999年WHO的诊断标准,MS采用中华医学会糖尿病学分会2004年建议的诊断标准,分析患病率。应用卡方检验进行率的比较,并对MS的危险因素做多因素logstic回归分析。结果江苏地区3436名20岁以上人群糖尿病、MS、高血糖、高血压、超重或肥胖、高甘油三酯血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的粗患病率分别为10．9％、18．7％、23．0％、35．4％、39．8％、28．5％和13．3％,标化后患病率分别为8．56％、15．9％、18．9％、27．8％、35．8％、27．1％和13．2％,上述疾病的患病率随年龄的增长而增加。女性MS患病率：农村（19．9％）〉城镇（15．8％）〉城市（14．6％）,男性城镇（23．7％）〉农村（21．7％）〉城市（19．9％）。经logistic回归分析显示性别、年龄、文化程度为MS的危险因素。结论江苏地区20岁以上人群糖尿病、MS患病率分别为8．56％和15．9％,已成为影响城乡居民健康的重大公共卫生问题,应加强防治工作力度。     

人群迁徙对糖尿病患病率的影响及其相关因素

糖尿病已成为世界范围内的一大公共卫生问题.糖尿病患病率受遗传、环境等多种因素影响.随着经济全球化,全球出现越来越大规模的人口流动,具有移民背景的人群,其糖尿病患病率与来源国、居住国人群均存在一定差异.移民人群糖尿病患病率相差悬殊,种族来源、社会经济地位、出生体重等是影响其患病率的重要因素.     

Pakistan National Diabetes Survey: Prevalence of Glucose Intolerance and Associated Factors in Shikarpur,Sindh Province

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and their relationship to age and obesity was estimated in the rural town of Shikarpur in Sindh Province, Pakistan by a population-based survey in 1994. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed in a stratified random sample of 967 adults (387 men, 580 women) aged 25 years and above. The diagnoses of diabetes and IGT were made on the basis of WHO criteria. The response rate was 71% for men and 80% for women. The prevalence of diabetes was 16.2% (9.0% known, 7.2% newly diagnosed) in men, and 11.7% (6.3% known, 5.3% newly diagnosed) in women. The prevalence rose with age to a peak of 30% and 21% in 65–74 year-old men and women respectively. IGT was detected in 8.2% of men and 14.3% of women. Thus, total glucose intolerance (diabetes and IGT combined) was present in 25% of subjects examined. These results indicate that glucose intolerance in South Asians can no longer be regarded as a problem confined to migrant communities. Of the 72 subjects previously known to have diabetes, none was using insulin treatment, but 57 (79%) took oral hypoglycaemic agents. Central obesity and positive family history were strongly associated with diabetes, as was prevalence of hypertension. The association with central obesity was greater for women than for men, and suggests important, modifiable risk factor(s) related to lifestyle.     

375例药瘾者庚型肝炎病毒感染状况调查

目的:调查湖北地区药瘾者HGV感染状况。方法:检查药瘾者的血清HGV感染指标,抗HGV和HGV-RNA分别用ELISA和RT-PCR法检测。结果:375例药瘾者HGV的感染率31.47％(118例)。静脉药瘾者HGV-RNA阳性率32.92％,口服药瘾者为27.96％,两者比较有显著差异(x~2=4.36,P<0.05);女性药瘾者HGV-RNA阳性率(32.84％)高于男性药瘾者(13.46％,X~2=11.55,P<0.01);成瘾时间大于2年者的HGV-RNA阳性率(52.76％),显著高于成瘾时间小于2年者(9.66％,X~2=79.06,P<0.01)。所有HGV感染者的肝功能正常。结论:药瘾者具有较高的HGV感染率。     

唐山冀东社区糖尿病患病率及其影响因素分析

目的 调查唐山冀东社区人群糖尿病的患病率及其影响因素.方法 纳入参加2012年1月~2012年12月冀东油田社区健康体检居民8443例,男性4471例,女性3972例,检测身高、体重,计算体重指数（BMI=体重/身高2）,测量腰围,水银血压计测量血压,己糖激酶法检测血糖,酶法检测血脂[包括：甘油三脂（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）];采用logistic回归分析糖尿病的危险因素.结果 ①调查人群中糖尿病患者485例（5.74%）,其中男性318例,女性167例;②与非糖尿病人群相比,糖尿病人群年龄、BMI、腰围、血压、TG、TC偏高,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.③年龄、TC、TG、腰围、收缩压均是糖尿病的独立危险因素.结论 冀东社区的糖尿病发病率为5.74%,影响糖尿病发病的危险因素包括年龄、TC、TG、腰围和收缩压.     

江西省九江市老年高血压患者的糖尿病患病情况调查分析

目的对江西省九江市老年高血压患者的糖尿病患病情况进行调查分析。方法选取2013年1—6月在江西省九江市居住的1 507例老年高血压患者,根据糖尿病的诊断标准对其进行诊断,并对糖尿病患病率与年龄、BMI以及性别之间的关系展开研究。结果在1 507例老年高血压患者中共有248例患有糖尿病,患病率为16.46%(248/1 507)。其中男性患病率为16.28%(128/786),女性为16.64%(120/721),男女患病率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。不同年龄段患者间糖尿病患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其中76~81岁69~75岁62~68岁(P0.05)。不同BMI患者间糖尿病患病率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),其中26.8 kg/m2高于23.8~26.8 kg/m2高于19.3~23.7 kg/m2(P0.05)。结论江西省九江市老年高血压患者的糖尿病患病率较高,高龄、高BMI可能是引发糖尿病的危险因素,针对危险因素进行有效的预防是降低糖尿病发病率、提高生活质量的重要途径。     

Evidence for an Increase in the Prevalence of Known Diabetes in a Sample of an Urban Population in Greece

It is accepted that the prevalence of known diabetes mellitus has increased in some countries, although the available data are incomplete and sometimes anecdotal. In 1974 a sample of the urban population (n = 21410) in a suburb of Athens (Greece) was evaluated for the prevalence of known diabetes mellitus. The study was repeated 17 years later in the same area under the same conditions and methodology on 12 836 randomly selected inhabitants (both sexes, all ages). Visiting nurses contacted the inhabitants at home and filled in a questionnaire. The results show a clear increase in diabetes prevalence of the population as a whole (standardized rates: 1974:2.4 % (95 % confidence intervals 2.2-2.6 %) 1990: 3.1 (2.8-3.4 %)). Standardization was done on the basis of data obtained from the same census. The changes were statistically significant in the 50–59, 60–69, and 70–79 age groups (1974: 5.87, 10.98, and 11.41 %; 1990: 7.70, 13.68, and 19.52 %, respectively). Thus, the prevalence of known diabetes mellitus has considerably increased during the last 17 years in a sample of urban Greek population.     

南京市社区老年糖尿病患病现况分析及危险因素研究

目的 分析南京市社区老年糖尿病患病现况与危险因素,为该社区后续制定防治措施提供依据.方法 该研究采取回顾性方式展开,选择2018年7月—2019年7月内该社区200例老年糖尿病患者展开研究,严格参照国内相关文献,结合该社区实际情况设计《南京市社区老年糖尿病患病现状及其危险因素核心指标监测调查表》,以调查问卷形式开展研究...     

Diabetes Prevalence and Therapeutic Target Achievement in the United States, 1999 to 2006

Objective

Changes in the prevalence, treatment, and management of diabetes in the United States from 1999 to 2006 were studied using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods

Data on 17,306 participants aged 20 years or more were analyzed. Glycemic, blood pressure, and cholesterol targets were glycosylated hemoglobin less than 7.0%, blood pressure less than 130/80 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol less than 100 mg/dL, respectively.

Results

The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was 6.5% from 1999 to 2002 and 7.8% from 2003 to 2006 (P < .05) and increased significantly in women, non-Hispanic whites, and obese people. Although there were no significant changes in the pattern of antidiabetic treatment, the age-adjusted percentage of people with diagnosed diabetes achieving glycemic and LDL targets increased from 43.1% to 57.1% (P < .05) and from 36.1% to 46.5% (P < .05), respectively. Glycosylated hemoglobin decreased from 7.62% to 7.15% during this period (P < .05). The age-adjusted percentage achieving all 3 targets increased insignificantly from 7.0% to 12.2%.

Conclusions

The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes increased significantly from 1999 to 2006. The proportion of people with diagnosed diabetes achieving glycemic and LDL targets also increased. However, there is a need to achieve glycemic, blood pressure, and LDL targets simultaneously.     

Study of the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in Adults in the Shougang Corporation in Beijing

The aim was to determine the burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) in an urban area of China to aid us in planning preventive measures for those at risk of DM. A survey was conducted among the 29 859 subjects aged between 30 and 64 belonging to 32 units of the Shougang Corporation (a heavy industry enterprise) within the Beijing area. WHO study protocols and diagnostic criteria were used to determine the prevalence of DM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). The results showed that the age-adjusted prevalance of DM and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was 3.63 % and 4.19 %, respectively, both increasing with age. Peak prevalence for both occurred in the 60–64 age group. Prevalence showed no difference between the sexes in DM but was higher for females in IGT. Obesity, being overweight, a family history of diabetes mellitus and in women, a history of delivering babies with macrosomia, all correlated closely with the prevalence of DM and IGT. High protein intake was also associated with DM. Smoking had no effect on either DM or IGT. Intellectual workers had a higher incidence of IGT than manual workers. Seventy per cent DM was undiagnosed prior to the survey. This survey, done according to the recommendation of WHO, and including appropriate adjustments, reflects the growing prevalence of DM and IGT in this population. It can be compared with other studies for epidemiological analysis.     

Prevalence and Clinical Features of Known Type 2 Diabetes in the Elderly: A Population-based Study

In a large population-based survey, 1947 Type 2 diabetic subjects aged 40 yr and over were identified, with high ascertainment (91%). Age-specific prevalence increased from 2.48% in the age group 40–64 to 5.62% in the age group ≤65 yr; 35% of subjects were 65 yr and over at the onset of the disease. Elderly diabetic subjects showed a significantly (p < 0.001) lower frequency of family history of diabetes (26% vs 42%), obesity at diagnosis (62% vs 70.6%) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (8.3 ± 2.4 vs 8.1 ± 2.8 mmol I^?1). Elderly diabetic subjects were more commonly managed by general practitioners (GPs) (29.7% vs 21.5%). Elderly patients attending only the GPs differed in FPG, which was significantly lower (7.9 ± 2.1 nmol I^?1 vs 8.5 ± 2.6 mmol I^?1). Good metabolic control (FPG <6.6 mmol I^?1) was found in 17.5% of subjects in the age group 40–64 and in 22.9% in the age group ≥65 yr. Poor metabolic control was more commonly seen in those attending the diabetic clinic. HBA_1c measurement was available in 32.0% of the elderly attending the diabetic clinic and in only 10.7% of those in the care of GPs. Fundal examination was available in 48.2% and in 36.5%, respectively, of diabetic subjects in the age groups 40–64 and ≥65 yr, without differences between those attending and those not attending the diabetic clinic. In conclusion, this survey showed a higher prevalence of diabetes in the elderly in an Italian population with some peculiar characteristics: low degree of obesity, poor metabolic control, high prevalence of hypertension and low use of insulin therapy.