速度对正常男性下肢等速向心收缩力矩的影响

利用ＢＩＯＤＥＸ多关节等速测试及康复系统提供的闭合链附件观察了速度因素对正常男性下肢等速向心收缩力矩的影响。结果速度因素影响峰力矩,相对峰力矩,尤以非惯用肢明显,速度增加到达峰力矩的时间缩短,而屈／伸值受速度影响不显著。     

速度对膝关节屈肌和伸肌等速离心收缩力矩的影响

目的确定运动速度对离心收缩测试的影响,为进一步深入研究提供客观依据。方法对20例健康人膝关节进行等速离心收缩测试,用统计学方法观察不同速度下膝关节屈肌和伸肌峰力矩、相对峰力矩和屈肌/伸肌比值的变化。结果速度对膝关节屈肌和伸肌峰力矩和相对峰力矩影响显著,对屈/伸比值的影响不显著。结论离心等速测试和训练过程中,必须考虑速度的因素。     

速度对膝关节屈肌和伸肌等速离心收缩力矩的影响

目的 确定运动速度对离心收缩测试的影响，为进一步深入研究提供客观依据。方法 对20例健康人膝关节进行等速离心收缩测试，用统计学方法观察不同速度下膝关节屈服和伸肌峰力矩、相对峰力矩和屈肌／伸肌比值的变化。结果 离心等速测试和训练过程中，必须考虑速度的因素。     

屈伸膝肌等速向心,离心收缩的比较研究

目的 研究等速向心收缩和离心收缩的差异,为深入研究提供客观依据。方法 采用ＢＩＯＤＥＸⅡ＾ＡＰ型多关节等速测试及康复系统测试４０例正常男性屈伸肌的峰力矩、相对峰力矩、总功、相对总功和平均功率,用ｔ检验分析两组结果的差异。结果 伸膝肌向心收缩结果均明显大于离心收缩,屈膝肌这种差异以慢速时显。结论 在一般测试和训练的情况下,应首选向心收缩。     

正常男性下肢等速向心收缩的研究

利用ＢＩＯＤＥＸ多关节等速测试及康复系统提供的闭合链附件,测试了２０ 例正常男性青年学生下肢的等速向心收缩数据。结果发现：峰力矩、相对峰力矩、到达峰力矩的时间、总功、相对总功、平均功率以伸展时大于屈曲时,两侧峰力矩的差异无差异,屈／伸比值不受速度影响,同非闭合链测试结果接近,可为深入研究提供参考。     

慢性下腰痛患者腰屈伸肌的等速肌力评价

目的：通过对慢性下腰痛患者腰屈伸肌进行等速向心、离心肌力测试,定量评价患者腰屈伸肌肌力的变化,为慢性下腰痛患者腰屈伸肌肌肉功能的康复训练提供依据。方法：运用Ｃｙｂｅｘ － ６０００ 型等速测力系统分别对３０ 例慢性下腰痛患者及３０ 例正常人在慢速（３０°／ｓ） 和中速（９０°／ｓ） 条件下进行腰屈伸肌的等速向心和离心肌力测试,评价屈肌与伸肌的峰力矩／ 体重比值,以及腰屈伸肌向心与离心的峰力矩／ 体重比值。结果：两种测试速度下,患者组与正常组相比,腰屈肌向心测试和屈、伸肌离心测试的峰力矩／ 体重值降低,伸肌向心测试的峰力矩／ 体重值较正常组显著下降（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．００１） ;向心测试屈、伸肌峰力矩与体重比值显著增大（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ,离心测试屈、伸肌峰力矩与体重比值增大;屈肌向心、离心测试的峰力矩与体重的比值降低,伸肌向心、离心测试的峰力矩与体重的比值显著降低（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。结论：慢性下腰痛患者腰屈伸肌存在屈伸肌力的下降及失衡,需针对性地进行屈伸肌肌力训练,以恢复屈伸肌对腰椎主动稳定和功能性活动的作用,避免肌源性下腰痛的反复发作和牵延难愈     

腰椎间盘突出症膝关节等速运动能力的研究

目的 利用等速测试指标来评定腰椎间盘突出症患下肢的运动功能,为腰椎间盘突出症患的康复提供科学的依据。方法 利用ＢＩＯＤＥＸ测试康复系统以及闭合链测定腰椎间盘突出症患的下肢等速向心收缩阌 累侧和非受累侧和屈曲时的峰力矩、相对峰力矩、总功、相对总功、平均功率和双下肢的屈／伸比值。结果 受累侧和非受累侧的峰力矩、相对峰力矩、总功、相对总功、平均功率差异均有显性。结论 用等速测试指标来评定腰椎间盘     

开链、闭链测试对屈伸膝肌等速力矩的影响

目的：观察开链、闭链测试对屈伸膝肌等速力矩的影响,为闭链等速测试在临床上进一步应用提供理论依据。方法：利用Ｂｉｏｄｅｘ 多关节等速测试和康复系统及其提供的闭合链附件,对比观察开链、闭链测试对健康男性屈伸膝肌力矩的影响,比较了峰力矩、相对峰力矩、０ ．２ｓ 时的力矩、屈肌／ 伸肌比值。结果：屈膝肌无论是慢速收缩还是快速收缩,闭链测试结果明显小于开链,而伸肌的这种差异不明显。结论：闭链等速测试对屈膝肌的力负荷较开链等速测试时小,是一种安全、可靠的康复方法     

等速向心和离心肌力训练治疗膝关节骨性关节炎患者的有效性研究

目的：比较等速向心和等速离心肌力训练治疗膝关节骨性关节炎（OA）患者的有效性。方法：45例膝OA患者随机分为向心训练组、离心训练组和对照组。向心训练组患者（n=15）接受等速向心肌力训练．离心训练组（n=15）患者接受等速离心肌力训练，每周训练3次，共训练8周。用Biodex等速肌力测试训练系统评价膝OA患者训练前后的膝关节伸肌和屈肌的峰力矩改变。用目测类比评分法和Lequesne指数评价膝OA患者疼痛和功能障碍的改变。结果：两个训练组的膝OA患者的疼痛、功能障碍和肌肉峰力矩在训练后都有明显改善（P〈0．05）。而对照组8周后无明显改变。虽然不同的等速训练方法显示了一定的训练效果特异性．但在两个训练组之间各项参数无显著性差异。结论：等速向心和等速离心肌力训练方案在膝OA的治疗中都是有效的。在等速向心和等速离心训练之间未观察到显著性差异。     

跳跃项目训练对青少年膝关节屈伸肌肉力量的影响

背景:等速测试系统作为一种评价人体肌肉功能水平的研究方法和手段,在研究中得到了越来越广泛的应用.但运用等速肌力测试研究运动训练对青少年肌群发展影响的报道很少.目的:通过等速肌力测试,对长期进行跳高、跳远系统训练的青少年和同年龄的无训练者两类人群膝关节肌肉力量及其特征进行对比分析.设计、时间及地点:对比观察实验,于2008-10/12在河北省体育科学研究所实验室进行.对象:随机抽取河北师范大学附属中学不参加训练的志愿者20名作为普通组,抽取石家庄市体校进行跳高、跳远训练的志愿者20名作为训练组,参试者均为男性.方法:采用Cybex-6000等速测试系统,按照测试要求对参试者膝关节进行测试,测试顺序为先向心后离心.测试速度为慢速60(°)/s、中速120(°)/s、快速240(°)/s.主要观察指标:膝关节屈、伸肌群的相对峰力矩.结果:纳入实验对象40名,均进入结果分析.与普通组比较,训练组两侧膝关节60,120,240(°)/s屈、伸肌向心、离心收缩时峰力矩较高,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.01),训练组左、右两膝在3个速度上的屈肌与伸肌峰力矩比值均低于普通组.结论:跳跃项目训练对青少年膝关节屈伸肌肉力量的增长有良好的促进作用,但在青少年膝关节屈伸肌力协调发展上有所不足,造成屈伸肌比值下降,这也可能是训练方法不当所造成的.     

Dissociated time course recovery between rate of force development and peak torque after eccentric exercise

This study investigated the association between isokinetic peak torque (PT) of quadriceps and the corresponding peak rate of force development (peak RFD) during the recovery of eccentric exercise. Twelve untrained men (aged 21·7 ± 2·3 year) performed 100 maximal eccentric contractions for knee extensors (10 sets of 10 repetitions with a 2-min rest between each set) on isokinetic dynamometer. PT and peak RFD accessed by maximal isokinetic knee concentric contractions at 60° s(-1) were obtained before (baseline) and at 24 and 48 h after eccentric exercise. Indirect markers of muscle damage included delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) and plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity. The eccentric exercise resulted in elevated DOMS and CK compared with baseline values. At 24 h, PT (-15·3%, P = 0·002) and peak RFD (-13·1%, P = 0·03) decreased significantly. At 48 h, PT (-7·9%, P = 0·002) was still decreased but peak RFD have returned to baseline values. Positive correlation was found between PT and peak RFD at baseline (r = 0·62, P = 0·02), 24 h (r = 0·99, P = 0·0001) and 48 h (r = 0·68, P = 0·01) after eccentric exercise. The magnitude of changes (%) in PT and peak RFD from baseline to 24 h (r = 0·68, P = 0·01) and from 24 to 48 h (r = 0·68, P = 0·01) were significantly correlated. It can be concluded that the muscle damage induced by the eccentric exercise affects differently the time course of PT and peak RFD recovery during isokinetic concentric contraction at 60° s(-1). During the recovery from exercise-induced muscle damage, PT and peak RFD are determined but not fully defined by shared putative physiological mechanisms.     

Differences in elbow flexion torque measured concentrically, eccentrically, and isometrically

The purposes of this study were to describe torque-velocity relationships during concentric, eccentric, and isometric testing of elbow flexor muscles and to determine test-retest reliability of a specific isokinetic testing protocol. Thirty healthy women were tested using an isokinetic dynamometer at velocities of 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 120 degrees, and 210 degrees/sec. Reliability was assessed in 20 of the subjects by retesting concentric and eccentric torques at 30 degrees and 120 degrees/sec after a 30-minute rest interval. The highest torque from three maximal efforts was considered to be peak torque. Mean eccentric peak torque was greater than either isometric or concentric peak torque; as isokinetic test velocity increased, the differences between concentric and eccentric torques became larger. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from .72 to .83, indicating lack of consistency between test and retest torques. Consecutive concentric-eccentric testing and lack of mechanical stabilization might have contributed to test-retest variability and to the relatively small differences between concentric and eccentric torques. Continued study of reliability of isokinetic testing protocols and further investigation of concentric-eccentric torque-velocity relationships are advocated.     

Test-retest reliability of isokinetic knee extension and flexion torque measurements in persons with spastic hemiparesis

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the test-retest reliability of isokinetic torque measurements in the involved and uninvolved knee musculature of 20 subjects with spastic hemiparesis. An isokinetic dynamometer was used to measure maximal voluntary knee extension and flexion at 60 degrees and 120 degrees/s. Peak torque (PT) and average peak torque (APT) data were collected from five repetitions on two separate occasions. Average peak torque was defined as the mean of the PT values obtained during each of the five repetitions. Spasticity was measured in the involved knee musculature prior to isokinetic testing using the Ashworth Scale. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were high (greater than or equal to .90) for both knees for PT and APT at both angular velocities. No clinically meaningful differences were found between the Pearson correlation coefficients and the ICCs of the involved versus the uninvolved knee for any testing conditions. We concluded that isokinetic evaluation of torque, as measured by PT and APT in subjects with spastic hemiparesis, can yield reliable results in both extremities.     

Efficacy of kinesio taping on isokinetic quadriceps torque in knee osteoarthritis: a double blinded randomized controlled study

Abstract

Study design: Double blind pre-test post-test control group design. Objectives: To compare the isokinetic quadriceps torque, standardized stair-climbing task (SSCT) and pain during SSCT between subjects diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis pre and post kinesio tape (KT) application with and without tension. Background: Strength of the quadriceps and torque producing capability is frequently found to be compromised in knee osteoarthritis. The efficacy of KT in improving isokinetic quadriceps torque in knee osteoarthritis is unknown, forming the basis for this study. Methods and measures: Forty subjects were randomly allocated to either the experimental (therapeutic KT with tension) or control group (sham KT without tension) with the allocation being concealed. Pre and post test measurements of isokinetic quadriceps torque, SSCT and pain during SSCT were carried out by a blinded assessor. Results: A large effect size with significant improvements in the peak quadriceps torque (concentric and eccentric at angular velocities of 90° per second and 120° per second), SSCT and pain were obtained in the experimental group when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Application of therapeutic KT is effective in improving isokinetic quadriceps torque, SSCT and reducing pain in knee osteoarthritis.     

等速训练对早中期髌骨软骨病的康复疗效研究

目的:在超短波和温针治疗的基础上,观察等速训练对早中期髌骨软骨病患者进行康复的效果。方法:将58例早中期髌骨软骨病单膝自愿患者随机分成等速组30例和常规组28例。2组均采用超短波、温针进行治疗;在此基础上,等速组用等速测力仪器进行康复训练,常规组进行常规的运动疗法康复;检测比较2组患者治疗前后大腿围度和角速度为60°/s时等速肌力测试峰力矩等指标,同时进行Lysholm膝关节评分和治疗后临床疗效比较。结果:治疗8周后,2组患膝屈伸肌PT、伸肌PT患/健侧比值及患侧PT屈/伸比均较治疗前有明显改善(P0.01),同时等速组在患膝伸肌PT和伸肌PT患/健侧比值上较常规组提高更显著(P0.05)。2组患膝大腿腿围和Lysholm膝关节功能评分均较治疗前明显提高(P0.01),等速组更高于常规组(P0.05)。治疗后,等速组总有效率明显高于常规组(P0.05)。结论:等速训练在早中期髌骨软骨病的康复中疗效显著。     

基于等速技术的健康成人膝关节屈伸肌肌力的年龄和性别特征的研究

目的:应用等速技术研究200例健康成人膝关节屈伸肌肌力的年龄和性别特征,为膝关节运动功能的康复提供参考依据。方法:将200例健康成人按性别分组,再按年龄分为20-29岁、30-39岁、40-49岁、50-59岁、60-70岁5组,共10组,每组20例。对所有受试者进行膝关节的等速向心肌力测试,采集屈伸肌最大峰力矩值(PT)、屈伸肌相对峰力矩(PT/BW)和屈伸肌峰力矩比值(F/E)指标。利用Pearson相关系数分析各测试指标与年龄的相关性,采用独立样本t检验分析不同性别组内相邻两年龄组之间的差异性。结果:(1)膝关节屈伸肌PT值、PT/BW值及屈伸肌峰力矩比值F/E均与年龄之间具有显著相关性(P<0.01)。(2)男性屈伸肌PT值和PT/BW值40岁以后下降显著(P<0.05);F/E值60岁以后显著增加(P<0.05)。(3)女性屈肌PT值在20-70岁之间呈缓慢下降趋势;屈肌PT/BW值与伸肌PT值60岁以后下降明显(P<0.05);伸肌PT/BW值分别于30岁和60岁以后下降明显(P<0.05);F/E值20-70岁呈平稳增长趋势。(4)同一年龄段男性屈伸肌PT值与PT/BW值均大于女性(P<0.05),F/E无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:膝关节屈伸肌肌力具有显著的年龄和性别特征。膝关节屈伸肌肌力随年龄增长呈下降趋势,40岁以后下降更加明显且屈伸肌肌力下降呈现不平衡现象,伸肌较屈肌下降显著。     

Influence of concentric resistance training on concentric and eccentric strength

This study investigated the effects of isokinetic concentric training on isokinetic concentric and eccentric torque outputs. Sixteen female subjects (mean age in years +/- SE = 21 +/- 1) were randomly assigned to either a training or a control group. Concentric and eccentric torques of the right knee extensors were assessed at 1.05rad.s-1 using a KinCom isokinetic dynamometer system. Each test consisted of a set of four maximal concentric and four maximal eccentric contractions of the knee extensors. The peak and average torques for each contraction were calculated using the computer software supplied by the KinCom manufacturer. On a separate day, after abstaining from heavy exercise for at least 12 hours, a single cross-sectional image of the thigh at midfemur was obtained using computer tomography (CT) scanning. From this image, cross-sectional area of the quadriceps femoris group was calculated using the computer software associated with the General Electric 9800 CT Scanning System. Training group subjects trained three days weekly for six weeks on a Cybex II+ isokinetic dynamometer, completing five sets of ten maximal effort knee extensions at an angular velocity of 1.05rad.s-1. Each set of exercise was separated by two minutes of self-selected recovery. Torque outputs were monitored daily to ensure that adequate recovery was provided between sets of exercise, and to document changes in strength as the program progressed. Significant (p less than .01) increases in peak and average concentric torque (11% and 12%, respectively), peak and average eccentric torque (18% and 21%, respectively), and muscle cross-sectional area (3.2%) were observed for training group subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Short vs. long length of rectus femoris during eccentric exercise in relation to muscle damage in healthy males

BACKGROUND: We investigated the effects of short vs. long length of rectus femoris during eccentric exercise of similar range of motion on selected muscle damage indicators. METHODS: Using an isokinetic dynamometer at 1.05 rad/s, 12 healthy male [mean (standard deviation), 21 (2) years] volunteers randomly underwent two exercise sessions, one on each leg, 14 days apart. During each session, subjects had to accomplish 12 sets of 10 maximal voluntary efforts in seated and prone positions to achieve short and long length of rectus femoris, respectively. Muscle damage indicators [serum creatine kinase activity, delayed onset muscle soreness, range of motion, eccentric peak torque, concentric peak torque and isometric peak torque] were assessed pre-exercise and 24, 48, 72 as well as 96 h post-exercise. FINDINGS: Compared to baseline data, creatine kinase, delayed onset muscle soreness, and range of motion disclosed significant changes at all time points after both exercise sessions (P<0.05). However, these muscle damage indicators demonstrated greater changes following exercise at short compared to long length of rectus femoris (P<0.05). Torque assessments also revealed that nine out of 12 and only two out of 12 measurements decreased significantly following short and long length eccentric exercise of rectus femoris, respectively (P<0.05). Short length eccentric exercise resulted in greater torque declines compared to long length during concentric and isometric evaluations (P<0.05). No such differences were observed when torque changes were evaluated eccentrically. INTERPRETATION: Short length of rectus femoris eccentric exercise induces greater muscle damage and peak torque declines than the corresponding long length in healthy adults.