周剂量多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨二线治疗晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的　观察周剂量多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨二线治疗晚期食管癌的疗效和安全性。方法　２８例经顺铂加氟尿嘧啶方案一线化疗失败的晚期食管癌患者,应用多西紫杉醇２５ｍｇ／ｍ^２,静脉滴注１ｈ,ｄ_１、ｄ_８、ｄ_１５,卡培他滨（希罗达）１５００ｍｇ／ｍ^２,分每日２次口服,ｄ_１～ｄ_１４,２８天为１周期。结果　２８例患者中２６例可评价疗效,获ＣＲ１例,ＰＲ１０例,ＳＤ８例,ＰＤ７例,总有效率（ＣＲ＋ＰＲ）为３９.３％。所有患者中位疾病进展时间（ＴＴＰ）为４.２个月（９５％ＣＩ：１.６～６.０个月）,中位生存时间（ＯＳ）为７.８个月（９５％ＣＩ：６.３～９.３个月）。主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制,出现３～４级中性粒细胞减少１２例（４２.９％）,３级贫血５例（１７.９％）,３级血小板减少３例（１０.７％）,无治疗相关性死亡。结论　周剂量多西紫杉醇联合卡培他滨二线治疗晚期食管癌有一定疗效,患者耐受性较好,值得临床进一步研究。     

多西他赛联合奈达铂治疗晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的 观察多西他赛联合奈达铂治疗中晚期食管癌的有效性及安全性。方法全组共45例,其中男性30例,女性15例;年龄37岁-72岁,中位年龄54岁;鳞癌37例,腺癌8例;初治10例,复治35例,人组后给予多西他赛37．5mg／m^2,d1、d8;奈达铂80mg／m^2,d2。每3周重复。2周期后按WHO标准评价近期疗效和毒性反应。结果全组共接受了177周期治疗,每例1—6周期,平均3．9周期,均可评价疗效及毒副作用。全组1例CR（2．2％）,16例PR（35．6％）。初治或复治、分期、病理类型对近期疗效均无影响。常见毒性反应为骨髓抑制。结论多它赛联合奈达铂治疗中晚期食道癌有较好的疗效,并且毒性反应可以控制,值得临床推广使用。     

捷佰舒联合放疗治疗晚期食管癌的近期疗效观察

目的捷佰舒(注射用奈达铂)联合放疗治疗晚期食管癌的近期疗效和毒副作用.方法51例病人分为试验组和对照组,试验组患者接受捷佰舒化疗联合放疗,对照组患者接受放疗,对比观察两组病人的治疗疗效和毒性反应,作统计学分析.结果试验组有效率达到81.8%,对照组有效率为55.6%,两组对比有差别.结论捷佰舒联合放疗可以有效的治疗晚期食管癌,毒副作用较小,因而是安全有效的,可以在临床上进一步观察和研究.     

替吉奥联合奈达铂对比多西他赛单药二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨替吉奥（S-1）联合奈达铂与多西他赛单药二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌的疗效和安全性。方法 收集本院2012年12月至2014年12月一线含铂双药化疗方案治疗失败或缓解后再进展的晚期肺鳞癌患者共87例,其中43例接受S-1联合奈达铂治疗（观察组）,44例接受多西他赛单药治疗（对照组）,两方案均为21天1个周期。化疗2个周期后采用RECIST 1.1 版标准评价客观疗效,采用美国国立癌症研究所毒性判定标准（NCI-CTCAE）4.0评价毒性反应,同时随访生存情况并评价两组生活质量的改善程度。结果 87例患者均可评价疗效。观察组和对照组的有效率分别为23.3％和18.2％,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;观察组的疾病控制率为65.1％,高于对照组的40.9％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组中位无疾病进展生存期分别为3.6个月（95%CI：2.44～4.76个月）和2.9个月（95%CI：2.54～3.26个月）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组治疗后生活质量均有相应改善,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组主要的毒副反应为血液学毒性和消化道反应,对照组主要的毒副反应为血液学毒性和口腔黏膜炎,两组不良反应经对症治疗均可缓解。结论 S-1联合奈达铂二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌疗效更佳,不良反应可耐受。     

奈达铂、氟尿嘧啶联合紫杉类药物治疗晚期食管癌近期疗效观察

目的　评价以奈达铂（ＮＤＰ）和氟尿嘧啶（５-ＦＵ）方案（ＮＦ方案）为基础联合紫杉类药物一线治疗晚期食管癌的近期疗效和安全性。方法　回顾性分析２００５年至２０１０年收治的３０２例经病理确诊的晚期食管癌临床资料。ＮＦ方案组９０例,具体为：ＮＤＰ８０ｍｇ／ｍ２静滴,第１天;５-ＦＵ５００ｍｇ／ｍ２静滴,第１～５天。联合治疗组２１２例,在ＮＦ方案基础上分别联合：（１）紫杉醇（ＰＴＸ）１３５ｍｇ／ｍ２静滴,第１天;（２）多西紫杉醇（ＤＯＣ）７５ｍｇ／ｍ２静滴,第１天。所有方案２１天为１个周期,２个周期后评价疗效,所有患者完成２～６个周期化疗,每周期评价毒副反应。结果　３０２例均可评价疗效,ＮＦ方案组和联合治疗组有效率分别为６４.４％（５８／９０）和６２.７％（１３３／２１２）,疾病控制率分别为８７.８％（７９／９０）和９２.５％（１９６／２１２）,两组差异均无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０.０５）。ＮＦ方案组３～４级白细胞减少、血小板减少的发生率分别为１０.０％（９／９０）、４.４％（４／９０）,未出现消化道反应及肝功能损害;联合治疗组３～４级白细胞减少、血小板减少的发生率分别为６.６％（１４／２１２）、３.８％（８／２１２）,２～３级消化道反应为４.２％（９／２１２）,１～２级肝功能损害为１.９％（９／２１２）。结论　ＮＦ方案或联合紫杉类药物治疗晚期食管癌近期疗效肯定,但联合紫杉类药物未能明显提高近期疗效,且出现较高的消化道反应及肝功能损害,ＮＦ方案仍建议为晚期食管癌的首选方案。     

多西紫杉醇联合草酸铂二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的:观察多西紫杉醇联合草酸铂二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效和毒性。方法:30例一线治疗失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者采用多西紫杉醇 草酸铂联合方案化疗3个周期后,按照WHO实体瘤疗效判定标准评价疗效,按NCICTC3.0常见毒副反应分级标准评价毒副反应。结果:30例患者均完成3个周期化疗,完全缓解(CR)1例,部分缓解(PR)7例,总有效率26.7%。Ⅲ/Ⅳ度白细胞减少为16.7%,Ⅲ度血小板减少为3.3%,Ⅲ度周围神经毒性为16.7%,其它副反应轻微。结论:多西紫杉醇联合草酸铂联合方案对一线失败的晚期非小细胞肺癌有一定的疗效,毒副反应较低。     

改良ＤＣＦ方案治疗２７例晚期胃癌的临床观察

目的　研究改良的多西紫杉醇联合顺铂（ＤＤＰ）加亚叶酸钙（ＣＦ）和氟尿嘧啶（５ ＦＵ）方案（ｍＤＣＦ）治疗术后复发或不能手术的晚期胃癌的疗效及其毒副作用。方法　对入选的２７例晚期胃癌患者给予国产多西紫杉醇（艾素）５０ｍｇ／ｍ^２ｄ１、ＤＤＰ２５ｍｇ／ｍ２ｄ２～ｄ３、ＣＦ０２ｇ／ｍ^２ｄ２～ｄ３、５-ＦＵ２ｇ／ｍ^２持续静滴４６小时（ｄ２～ｄ３）双周方案全身化疗,观察其疗效及毒副作用。结果　２００６年５月至２００７年７月,２７例胃癌患者平均化疗４.５个周期,ＣＲ１例,ＰＲ１２例,总有效率（ＲＲ）为４８.１％（９５％ＣＩ：３２％ ～６４％）,对紫杉醇耐药者仍然３３.３％（２／６）有效,中位肿瘤进展时间（ＴＴＰ）为６.２个月,中位总生存时间（ＯＳ）１１.８个月。毒副反应主要为骨髓抑制,发生率达１００.０％,且４８.９％为３～４级（其中１６.３％为４级）,出现２例（７.４％）因骨髓抑制停止化疗;口腔黏膜炎、恶心呕吐、周围神经毒性、肝功能损害、腹泻、肾功能损害及心脏毒性发生率分别为５９.２％、５１.９％、４８.１％、４４.４％、２５.９％、１８.５％及１１.１％,大部分为１～２级。没有治疗相关死亡。结论　改良的多西紫杉醇联合ＤＤＰ加ＣＦ和５-ＦＵ双周方案（ｍＤＣＦ）治疗晚期胃癌疗效肯定,骨髓抑制等毒副反应仍然偏高,但有一定的治疗优势,与紫杉醇无完全交叉耐药,值得在临床中进一步改良和验证。     

Docetaxel and irinotecan as second-line therapy for advanced oesophagogastric cancer

Introduction

Systemic chemotherapy improves survival in oesophagogastric cancer however no standard second-line regimen exists due to a paucity of randomised data. Docetaxel combined with irinotecan (DI) provides a suitable option due to the lack of cross-reactivity with first-line therapeutics and a tolerable toxicity profile.

Methods

We retrospectively reviewed a cohort of patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer in two institutions treated with the combination of docetaxel 35 mg/m² plus irinotecan 60 mg/m² day 1 and day 8 every 21 days, following progression with first-line platinum-based therapy.

Results

Between January 2000 and September 2009, 41 eligible patients were identified. Median age was 58 years, male:female 25:16, adenocarcinoma:squamous cell carcinoma 37:4, oesophageal:oesophagogastric junction:gastric 7:10:24. Locally advanced:metastatic disease 6:35. Previous radical surgery:radiotherapy:both 6:4:7. 27/41 had progressed within 90 days of receiving platinum-based therapy. Median number of chemotherapy cycles: 3 (range 1-12). Eight patients required dose reductions due to DI toxicity. 10/28 evaluable patients had a response, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11 weeks (95% confidence intervals (CI): 9-13 weeks) with median overall survival 24 weeks (95%CI: 12-35 weeks). No significant prognostic factors were identified.

Conclusion

Weekly docetaxel combined with irinotecan has acceptable safety and modest efficacy in the second-line treatment of advanced oesophagogastric cancer. Further prospective evaluation of this regimen is warranted.     

A phase II study of irinotecan and docetaxel combination chemotherapy for patients with previously treated metastatic or recurrent advanced gastric cancer

Purpose  Irinotecan (I) and docetaxel (D), each of which has a unique mechanism of action, were recently introduced in the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We have evaluated the efficacy and safety of the ID combination for AGC patients after failure of fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-based chemotherapy. Materials and methods  Patients with relapsed or progressive AGC after prior fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-based chemotherapy were treated with I (160 mg/m², 90 min) followed by D (65 mg/m², 1 h) every 3 weeks. Because of the unacceptable toxicity among the first ten patients, the doses were reduced for I (120 mg/m²) and D (50 mg/m²) every 3 weeks. Results  Forty-nine patients, of median age 53 years (range, 27–68 years), were treated with 170 cycles of chemotherapy (median, 2 cycles; range, 1–12 cycles). Three patients achieved complete response and seven achieved partial response, resulting in an overall response rate (ORR) of 20.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), 9.1–31.7%], with a median duration of 7.1 months (range: 2.1–69.1 months). ORR was 60% (95% CI, 29.6–90.3%) for the higher dose and 10.3% (95% CI, 0.7–19.8%) for the lower dose. Median time to progression for all patients was 2.7 months (95% CI, 1.7–3.8 months) and the median overall survival was 8.9 months (95% CI, 6.6–11.3 months). Grade 3/4 toxicities included neutropenia (90%), febrile neutropenia (50%), asthenia (40%), and diarrhea (10%) with the higher dose and neutropenia (71%), febrile neutropenia (11%), diarrhea (24%), and asthenia (24%) with the lower dose. There were two possible treatment-related deaths. Conclusion  The combination of irinotecan and docetaxel, once every three weeks shows anti-tumor activity but is not feasible as a second-line treatment for AGC patients after failure of fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-based chemotherapy due to the high rate of toxicities. S. J. Sym and H. M. Chang have contributed equally to this article.     

泰索帝联合铂类用于不同年龄晚期非小细胞肺癌的分析

目的比较不同年龄的晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者接受泰索帝与铂类联合化疗时,在生存期、住院天数、住院费用及毒副反应上的差异。方法对上海市胸科医院46例在2002年4月~2004年12月接受泰索帝与铂类联合化疗的晚期NSCLC患者进行回顾分析,根据年龄分为<70岁与≥70岁二组,用χ2检验对二组患者进行比较。用Kaplan-Meier进行生存分析,并用Cox回归分析了解与预后有关的因素。结果二组患者在生存期(χ2=0.41,P=0.5227)、住院天数(χ2=0.634,P=0.480)、住院费用(χ2=0.657,P=0.699)、血液学(χ2=1.963,P=0.274)和胃肠道副反应(χ2=1.414,P=0.344)上无明显差异。Cox回归分析提示患者化疗前后KPS评分的变化可能是影响患者预后的因素(P=0.023)。结论一般情况较好的高龄(≥70岁)NSCLC患者可以耐受泰索帝与铂类联合化疗方案。     

A phase I/II study of nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil with concurrent radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer

Purpose: To determine the recommended dose (RD) of cis-diammine-glycolatoplatinum (nedaplatin) when given concurrently with 5-FU and high dose radiation therapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer. The purpose of the phase II trial is to determine efficacy and further define the side effect profile. Methods: Twenty-six patients with clinical stage I to IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus were enrolled in a non-surgical treatment comprised of a fixed dose of fluorouracil (400 mg/m² administered as continuous intravenous infusion on days 1–5 and days 8–12) plus escalating doses of nedaplatin (40 mg/m² in level 1, 50 mg/m² in level 2, or 60 mg/m² in level 3 on days 1 and 8), repeated twice every 3 weeks with concurrent radiotherapy (60 Gy). Results: Between July 1998 and February 2004, a total of 26 patients entered this trial, all of whom were considered evaluable for toxicity assessment. In phase I of the study, 12 patients were treated in sequential cohorts of three to six patients per dose level. The maximum tolerated dose was reached at level 3 with two grade 4 neutropenia and one grade 4 thrombocytopenia. Thus, the recommended dosing schedule is level 2. Of the 20 patients treated at the RD level 2, including 6 patients of the RD phase I portion, 8 out of 20 patients (40%) had grade 3–4 neutropenia, 5 patients (25.0%) had grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia, 4 patients (20.0%) had grade 3 anemia and 4 patients (20.0%) had grade 3–4 esophagitis. Other toxicities were relatively mild and usually of grade 2 or less. Objective responses were noted in the 26 patients (overall response rate, 88.5%) including 11 (42.3%) complete remissions. The 1- and 3-year survival rates were 65.1 and 37.2%, respectively, with a median survival time of 21.2 months. Conclusions: The combination of nedaplatin and 5-FU with radiation is a feasible regimen that shows promising antitumor activity with an acceptable safety profile in patients with esophageal cancer.     

周剂量多西他赛单药或联合奈达铂二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌效果比较

目的 比较周剂量多西他赛（DOC）单药或联合奈达铂（NDP）二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的疗效、不良反应及预后。方法 回顾性分析接受二线化疗的晚期NSCLC 56例,其中单药组34例接受DOC治疗（35 mg／m2,第1、8天）,联合组22例接受DOC联合NDP治疗（DOC 35 mg／m2,第1、8天,NDP 80 mg／m2,第2天）,均21 d为1个周期,2个周期后评价疗效和不良反应。结果 单药组和联合组有效率（RR）分别为8.8 %（3／34）和27.3 %（6／22）,疾病控制率（DCR）分别为50.0 %（17／34）和63.6 %（14／22）,中位无进展生存期（PFS）分别为2.3个月和5.1个月,中位总生存期（OS）分别为8.7个月和10.5个月,1年生存率分别为26.5 %和31.8 %,差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。联合组Ⅲ～Ⅳ度白细胞下降为7例,单药组为2例,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝4.877,P＝0.027）,其他不良反应如消化道反应、乏力等多为Ⅰ～Ⅱ度。结论 周剂量单药DOC二线治疗晚期NSCLC安全、有效,毒性较低,但与周剂量DOC联合NDP相比较,有效率和生存期无优势。     

紫杉醇联合奈达铂和氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的　观察紫杉醇（ＰＴＸ）联合奈达铂（ＮＤＰ）和氟尿嘧啶（５-ＦＵ）治疗晚期食管癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法　晚期食管癌３０例,ＰＴＸ１３５～１７５ｍｇ／ｍ^２,静脉滴注,第１天;ＮＤＰ８０～１００ｍｇ／ｍ^２,静脉滴注,第２天;５-ＦＵ５００ｍｇ／ｍ^２,静脉滴注,第１～５天。２１天为１周期,连续２周期后评价疗效。结果　全组３０例均可评价疗效,完全缓解２例,部分缓解１７例,总有效率６３。３％（１９／３0）。主要毒副反应为血小板减少及白细胞减少,消化道反应较轻,未发现肝肾功能损害。结论　ＰＴＸ联合ＮＤＰ和５-ＦＵ治疗晚期食管癌近期疗效高,耐受性好,值得进一步观察应用。     

白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合奈达铂一线治疗晚期食管癌患者的临床观察

背景与目的：化疗是晚期食管癌患者的主要治疗手段,但目前尚没有标准的一线治疗方案,通过白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合奈达铂方案治疗晚期食管癌,评价其临床疗效及安全性。方法：收集2016年2月—2019年2月之间在长海医院诊治的晚期食管癌并有可评价病灶的患者31例,一线予以白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合奈达铂方案化疗,具体用药为：白蛋白结合型紫杉醇130 mg/m ² ,第1、8天;奈达铂70 mg/m ² ,第1天;每3周重复。采用实体瘤疗效评价标准（Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors,RECIST）1.1标准评估疗效,按照美国国立癌症研究所通用毒性标准（National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria,NCI-CTC）5.0评估不良反应。结果：全部31例患者均可评价疗效,其中完全缓解（complete response,CR）1例（3.2%）,部分缓解（partial response,PR）20例（64.5%）,疾病稳定（stable disease,SD）9例（29.0%）,疾病进展（progressive disease,PD）1例（3.2%）,客观缓解率（objective response rate,ORR）为67.7%,疾病控制率（disease control rate,DCR）为96.8%,中位无进展生存期（progression-free survival,PFS）为9.4个月。常见不良反应主要包括骨髓抑制、感觉神经病变、关节酸痛、肌肉酸痛、消化道反应及脱发,无毒性相关死亡病例。结论：白蛋白结合型紫杉醇联合奈达铂一线治疗晚期食管癌疗效较好,不良反应患者可耐受,值得进一步推广。     

Phase II studies on docetaxel alone every third week,or weekly in combination with gemcitabine in patients with primary locally advanced,metastatic, or recurrent esophageal cancer

Background The purpose of these studies was to compare efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel alone with the combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel for treatment of metastatic esophageal carcinoma. Patients and methods These studies enrolled patients with histopathologically verified squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or cardia. Between March 1997 and June 1999, 52 patients were enrolled in the initial Phase II study (Study 1). They were scheduled for treatment with docetaxel 100 mg/m² every third week as a 1-h infusion. The second Phase II study between September 2000 and March 2003 included 65 patients (Study II). They were given docetaxel 30 mg/m², administered as a 30-min i.v. infusion weekly for four times, followed by 2 weeks of rest, and gemcitabine starting with a dose of 750 mg/m² (if well-tolerated 1,000 mg/m²) on days 1 and 15, followed by 3 weeks of rest. A new cycle began on day 36. Patients were premedicated with betamethasone 8 mg p.o. on the evening before, and 8 mg i.v. 30–60 min before the docetaxel infusion. Response was confirmed by computed tomography and assessed at 12 and 24 weeks. Toxicity was assessed according to WHO scales. Results In study I, 38 out of the 52 enrolled patients were valuable. Two patients experienced complete remission (CR) (5%), 10 patients partial remission (PR) (26%), nine patients stable disease (SD) (24%), and 17 patients showed progressive disease (PD) (45%). Toxicity mainly involved leukopenia, which in some cases required hospitalization and treatment with antibiotics. In Study II, 46 out of the 65 enrolled patients (70%) were assessable. Out of these, three patients (7%) had CR, eight patients (17%) had PR, 10 patients (22%) had SD, and 25 (54%) PD. Overall response was 24% while an additional 22% showed stable disease. Toxicity mainly consisted of leucopenia and pain. Conclusion Docetaxel as a single agent is active in esophageal cancer, both in treatment naive and in previously treated patients with recurrent disease. The overall response rate was 31%, with a good-safety profile. The addition of gemcitabine is well tolerated, but adds no efficacy. Weekly administration of docetaxel may be less effective. It demonstrates moderate efficacy and the doses used provide an acceptable safety profile.     

奈达铂联合替加氟治疗晚期食管癌

目的 评价奈达铂(NDP)联合替加氟(Fr-207)治疗晚期食管癌的疗效和毒副反应.方法 65例晚期食管癌患者中,初次化疗患者27例,术后接受辅助化疗38例.NDP 20 ms/m2,静脉滴注2 h,第1～5天;Fr-207 500 m/m2,静脉滴注8 h,第1～5天;21 d为1个周期.结果 65例患者共完成193个化疗周期,其中可评价疗效的患者63例.27例初次化疗的患者中,CR 6例,PR 16例,有效率为81.5%;36例复治的患者中,CR6例,PR 10例,有效率为44.4%.所有患者的中位疾病进展时间(TTP)为5.6个月,中位生存时间为9.3个月,1年生存率为24.9%.临床毒副反应为恶心、呕吐,患者均能耐受.63例可评价毒副反应的患者中,有2例(3.2%)出现Ⅲ～Ⅳ度中性粒细胞降低.结论 NDP联合FT-207对晚期食管癌疗效肯定,毒副反应轻,可作为治疗晚期食管癌的主要治疗方案.     

多西他赛联合奈达铂与多西他赛单药二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的 比较多西他赛联合奈达铂与多西他赛单药二线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的疗效及毒副反应.方法 58例晚期NSCLC患者中,接受多西他赛联合奈达铂治疗(联合组)20例,多两他赛单药二线治疗(单药组)38例.评价两组患者的疗效、无进展生存时间(PFS)、中位生存时间(MST)和毒副反应.结果 联合组与单药组患者的中位PFS分别为4.35和4.0个月,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).联合组与单药组患者的MST分别为13.5和10.6个月,1年生存率分别为29.0%和22.0%,疾病控制率分别为50.0%和47.4%,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).联合组中,鳞癌与非鳞癌患者的PFS差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).联合组与单药组患者的3度以上骨髓抑制发生率分别为15.0%和10.5%(P=0.003),两组患者均无明显的胃肠道及肾脏毒性反应发生.结论 与多西他赛单药相比,多西他赛联合奈达铂二线治疗晚期NSCLC可提高疾病控制率,延长中位PFS,未增加明显毒副反应.     

中晚期食管癌应用奈达铂联合适形放疗的疗效分析

目的探讨中晚期食管癌应用奈达铂联合适形放疗的临床疗效。方法选取2002年1月至2008年1月收治的74例中晚期食管癌患者（均经病理证实）,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各37例。对照组采用单纯的三维适形放疗（6MV—X射线或15MV-X射线行常规放疗,2．0Gy／次,每周5次）,观察组先进行奈达铂化疗（奈达铂静脉滴注给药30～40mg／次,每周1次）,之后再采用与对照组相同的放射治疗,在治疗结束后统计并对比两组患者的近期疗效、不良反应发生率以及随访评估远期的疗效。结果观察组总疗效（78．4％）明显高于对照组（51．5％）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组患者的1—3年局部控制率（78．4％）明显高于对照组（51．5％）,两组差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组患者的存活率（51．5％）明显高于对照组（27．O％）,两组差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。近期不良反应发生率两组患者无明显差异,不具有统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论中晚期食管癌患者采用奈达铂化疗联合三维适形放疗的治疗方法明显优于单纯放疗治疗,值得在临床上加以推广和应用。     

雷替曲塞联合伊立替康2周方案对比FOLFIRI方案二线治疗晚期结直肠癌的疗效观察

目的 观察雷替曲塞联合伊立替康2周方案治疗转移性结直肠癌的有效性和安全性。方法 经病理组织学或细胞学确诊的50例晚期转移性结直肠癌患者分为试验组（n=25）和对照组（n=25）。试验组方案： 雷替曲塞 2.5mg／m² 静滴,d₁;伊立替康（CPT-11） 180mg／m² 静滴,d₁。对照组方案：CPT-11 180mg／m² 静滴90min,d₁;亚叶酸钙 400mg／m² 静滴,d₁;5-FU 400mg／m² 静滴,d₁;5-FU 2400mg／m² 持续静滴46～48 h,d₁、d₂。两方案均2周为1周期,每周期评价毒副反应,每3个周期评价疗效,直至疾病进展或毒性不能耐受,最多治疗12个周期。结果 试验组获CR 1例,PR 4例,SD 18例,PD 2例;对照组获PR 2例,SD 19例,PD 4例。两组有效率（RR）分别为20％和8％,疾病控制率（DCR）分别为92％和84％,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。试验组1、2级转氨酶升高的发生率为24％,高于对照组的4％（P＜0.05）;对照组1、2级中性粒细胞减少、口腔黏膜炎的发生率均高于试验组（48％ vs. 20％,32％ vs. 8％,P＜0.05）。结论 雷替曲塞联合伊立替康2周方案与FOLFIRI方案的近期疗效相当,但毒副反应更轻,可以作为转移性结直肠癌的有效姑息治疗方案。     

紫杉醇脂质体联合奈达铂治疗晚期食管癌的临床观察

目的:评价紫杉醇脂质体联合奈达铂治疗晚期食管癌的临床疗效和不良反应。方法:42例晚期食管癌患者接受紫杉醇脂质体(每周135mg/m2)联合奈达铂(每周80mg/m2)治疗,21d为1个化疗周期。所有患者均至少接受2个周期的化疗,每2个周期评价近期疗效和不良反应。随访生存情况,采用意向性治疗分析。结果:42例患者中有41例可评价近期疗效,其中完全缓解1例(2.4%),部分缓解16例(38.1%),稳定14例(33.3%),疾病进展10例(23.8%),总有效率为40.5%(17/42)。18例初治患者的总有效率为55.6%,24例复治患者的总有效率为29.2%。1年总生存率为42.6%,中位无进展时间为6.3个月,中位总生存时间为11.3个月。常见的不良反应主要为血液学不良反应,7例患者发生3～4度中性粒细胞减少,4例患者发生3度血小板减少。3～4度呕吐发生率为7.3%(3/41),无化疗相关性死亡病例。结论:紫杉醇脂质体联合奈达铂治疗晚期食管癌疗效确切,不良反应较轻,值得在临床上对此开展进一步的研究。