人脑星形细胞瘤环氧化酶-2的表达及与细胞增殖凋亡的关系

目的:检测人脑星形细胞瘤环氧化酶-2(cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2)表达,探讨COX-2与肿瘤恶性程度、细胞增殖活性及凋亡程度的关系.方法:采用免疫组化方法检测星形细胞瘤组织中COX-2及增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen, PCNA)、Mcl-1癌基因的表达情况.结果: 68例星形细胞瘤组织COX-2的表达阳性率为61.8%,COX-2的表达强度和病理分级呈正相关(χ2=14.24, P＜0.01).COX-2与Mcl-1、PCNA蛋白表达均呈正相关性.结论:COX-2蛋白在星形细胞瘤过度表达与病理分级及细胞增殖、凋亡关密切相关.     

星形细胞瘤中环氧化酶-2 mRNA及蛋白表达的意义

目的 :探讨星形细胞瘤组织中环氧化酶 2 (COX2 )蛋白、mRNA的表达及其与病理级别的相关性。方法 :用原位杂交的方法检测星形细胞瘤组织中COX2mRNA的表达情况 ;用免疫组化SP法检测同等标本中COX2蛋白的表达情况 ;并将表达情况与星形细胞瘤病理级别作相关性分析。结果 :COX2蛋白在星形细胞瘤表达的染色积分为 4 .5 6± 2 .32 ,正常脑组织染色积分为 1.2 1± 1.18,二者相比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;低度恶性组(Ⅰ ,Ⅱ级 )染色积分为 1.84± 1.4 6 ,高度恶性组 (Ⅲ ,Ⅳ级 )染色积分为 6 .37± 3.6 2 ,二者相比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。COX2mRNA在星形细胞瘤表达率为 6 2 .6 9% ,在正常脑组织中呈阴性表达 ,二者比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;COX2mRNA在低度恶性组和高度恶性组中表达率分别为 37.14 % ,87.5 % ,二者比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :COX2蛋白、mRNA在星形细胞瘤组织中高度表达 ,且表达率与病理级别密切相关 ;从基因水平和蛋白水平说明COX2基因在星形细胞瘤的生长和病理进程中发挥着重要作用。     

星形细胞瘤发生的分子生物学机制及与COX-2 mRNA表达的相关性

目的:探讨环氧合酶2(COX-2)mRNA的表达与星形细胞瘤发生、发展的关系以及星形细胞瘤发生的分子生物学机制。方法:应用RT-PCR技术检测各级别星形细胞瘤组织及非肿瘤脑组织中COX-2mRNA的表达水平。结果:COX-2mRNA表达阳性率肿瘤组织为83.3%,非肿瘤脑组织为28.6%;COX-2mRNA的相对含量肿瘤组织为119.67±46.56,非肿瘤脑组织为43.14±19.26;COX-2mRNA在肿瘤组织中的表达显著高于其在非肿瘤脑组织中的表达(P<0.05)。结论:COX-2mRNA表达与星形细胞瘤的发生、发展呈显著正相关,其过表达是星形细胞瘤的重要分子生物学特征。     

人脑胶质瘤中环氧化酶-2的表达和作用研究

目的研究环氧化酶-2（COX-2）在人脑胶质瘤中的表达状况，探讨其作用。方法对62例脑胶质瘤患者和3例脑外伤患者（对照组）运用免疫组化及Western blot方法检测COX-2蛋白表达。结果在正常脑组织中，仅少数神经细胞COX-2染色阳性；在脑胶质瘤中，都发现有较多肿瘤细胞COX-2染色阳性。脑胶质瘤中COX-2染色的表达强度与胶质瘤的病理分级呈正相关（1=-0．874，P〈0．01）。正常脑组织与胶质母细胞瘤、间变性星形细胞瘤和星形细胞瘤之间，COX-2表达强度的差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）。在坏死区域周围肿瘤细胞有COX-2的高表达。正常脑组织与肿瘤组织的新生血管内皮细胞发现有COX-2染色阳性，在血管周围有COX-2染色阳性的肿瘤细胞聚集。结论COX-2在各级别的脑胶质瘤细胞中有表达，和脑胶质瘤的发生和发展有关系；COX-2在肿瘤的坏死区周围有强表达，在肿瘤细胞的凋亡和死亡过程起作用；COX-2在肿瘤的新生血管内皮上有表达，在血管周围有COX-2阳性的肿瘤细胞积聚，可促进肿瘤组织新生血管的生成；COX-2可作为判断脑胶质瘤恶性程度的辅助生物学标志。     

星形细胞肿瘤中RCAS1的mRNA及蛋白表达的临床意义

目的:探讨RCAS1在人星形细胞肿瘤中的基因及蛋白表达,及其与肿瘤发生、发展的关系.方法:RT-PCR法检测59例新鲜星形细胞肿瘤组织及6例正常脑组织中RCAS1的mRNA表达.免疫组织化学法检测71例星形细胞肿瘤及6例正常脑组织病理切片中RCAS1的蛋白表达.结果:弥漫型星形细胞瘤(GradeⅡ)和间变型星形细胞瘤之间(Grade Ⅲ)、间变型星形细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤(Grade Ⅳ)之间RCAS1 mRNA的表达有统计学差异(P＜0.05),而RCAS1蛋白表达仅在间变型星形细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤之间存在统计学差异(P＜0.01),RCAS1蛋白表达与肿瘤级别呈正相关(r=0.573,P＜0.001).在正常脑组织中未检测到RCAS1蛋白.结论:RCAS1的表达与星形细胞肿瘤的病理分级有关.星形细胞肿瘤中RCAS1的表达在转录和转录后水平受到调节.     

环氧合酶-2在星形细胞肿瘤组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨COX-2的表达与星形细胞肿瘤发生、发展的关系。方法应用免疫组化技术和RT-PCR技术检测各级别星形细胞肿瘤组织及非肿瘤组织中COX-2蛋白和mRNA的表达水平。结果COX-2蛋白在各组中的表达强度(IODA值)分别为:非肿瘤组织(2.19±0.88),肿瘤组织(6.38±3.68);COX-2mRNA在各组中的表达阳性率分别为:非肿瘤组织(33.3%),肿瘤组织(83.3%);COX-2mRNA的相对含量分别为:非肿瘤组织(43.49±19.73),肿瘤组织(119.67±46.56);COX-2在肿瘤组织中的表达显著高于其在非肿瘤组织中的表达(P<0.05)。结论COX-2的过表达与星形细胞肿瘤的发生、发展关系密切,是引起肿瘤细胞恶性表型的相关基因之一;毛细胞型星形细胞瘤与弥漫性浸润性星形细胞肿瘤的遗传基础不同,是一种在生物学和形态学上所发生的基因改变不同于其它胶质瘤的星形细胞肿瘤;COX-2除参与肿瘤形成、炎症的发生等病理过程外,在人体器官发育及正常生理功能的维持过程中也起到比预期更为复杂的作用。     

Oncol2012: RNA结合蛋白RBM3在人脑星形细胞瘤中的表达研究

背景：在低温和缺氧诱导的条件下,RNA结合蛋白RBM3（RNA结合基序蛋白3）的转录水平升高,近些年来在人类许多系统肿瘤中发现其转录水平也发生上调。然而,其在人脑星形细胞瘤中的表达情况尚缺乏相关研究,本文主要针对RBM3在不同病理级别星形细胞瘤和正常脑组织中的表达情况进行实验研究。 方法：本实验采用实时定量PCR,免疫组化和蛋白印迹的方法分别对RBM3 mRNA及蛋白水平进行检测。统计学方法采用方差分析（ANOVA）对实时定量PCR的数据进行分析,表示为均值?标准差。采用Fisher确切概率法用于免疫组化结果的分析。其中P值小于0.05,认为差异有统计学意义。 结果：一方面,首先对X-染色体相关的RBM基因（RBMX,RBM3,RBM10）进行实时定量PCR检测,结果表明,RBMX和RBM10的 mRNA水平在不同级别的星形细胞瘤和正常脑组织中无显著性差异。然而,实时定量PCR结果显示在高级别星形细胞瘤中RBM3 mRNA水平上调,其中高级别（WHO III-IV级）与低级别（WHO I-II级）星形细胞瘤相比差异有统计学意义（5.06?0.66比1.60?0.58,P<0.05）,高级别星形细胞瘤与正常脑组织相比差异也存在统计学意义（5.06?0.66比1.03?0.22,P<0.05）。另一方面,免疫组化结果显示RBM3在星形细胞瘤和正常脑组织中呈细胞核染色,并且随着病理级别的升高其表达水平也逐渐增高（阳性率：星形细胞瘤Ⅳ级92.9％,Ⅲ级81.8％,I-II级：50％,正常脑组织：37.5％;高级别星形细胞瘤与正常脑组织相比：P <0.05;高级别与低级别星形细胞瘤相比：P<0.05）。同时蛋白印迹的结果再次验证了RBM3在高、低级别星形细胞瘤与正常脑组织中的表达差异变化趋势。 结论：本研究初步认为RBM3在人脑星形细胞瘤和正常脑组织中存在一定程度的表达差异,并且随着星形细胞瘤恶性程度的加剧其表达逐渐增高提示其可能影响星形细胞瘤形成、恶性进展及预后等诸多环节。     

人脑星形细胞瘤组织Survivin与VEGF表达及意义

目的 探讨凋亡抑制基因Survivin与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在人脑星形细胞瘤中的表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组织化学SP法检测60例人脑星形细胞瘤组织和12例正常脑组织中Survivin、VEGF基因的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系以及两者间的相互关系.结果 正常脑组织中仅2例VEGF呈弱阳性表达,阳性率为16.7%;Survivin均未见阳性表达.人脑星形细胞瘤组织中Survivin、VEGF表达的阳性率分别为63.3%(38/60)、70.0%(42/60), 其表达强度均显著强于正常脑组织(Uc=3.668、3.403,P<0.01).高级别星形细胞瘤Survivin、VEGF的表达阳性率及阳性强度均高于低级别组(χ2=4.341、6.609,Uc=2.318、3.141;P<0.05、0.01).Survivin、VEGF在脑星形细胞瘤组织中的表达呈显著正相关(rs=0.71,P<0.001).结论 Survivin、VEGF的表达与人脑星形细胞瘤的发生发展有关,且二者具有正相关性;二者的检测可能成为评价脑星形细胞瘤恶性程度与预后的有价值指标.     

人脑星形细胞瘤组织中转化生长因子α与肿瘤增殖细胞核抗原检测

目的:探讨人脑星形细胞瘤组织中转化生长因子α(TGF-α)蛋白的表达与肿瘤增殖细胞核抗原(PC-NA)及预后的关系.方法:采用免疫组化SP法检测50例人脑星形细胞瘤(其中星形细胞瘤18例,间变性星形细胞瘤20例,多形性胶质母细胞瘤12例)石蜡标本和10例正常脑组织中TGF-α蛋白表达和PCNA标记指数(PCNA-LI),并随访比较50例人脑星形细胞瘤患者术后1 a的生存率.结果:10例正常脑组织中TGF-α、PCNA-LI蛋白无表达;50例人脑星形细胞瘤组织中TGF-α蛋白表达总阳性率为60.0%(30/50),总PCNA-LI为(67.86±28.68)%;随着肿瘤病理分级的增高,TGF-α蛋白表达和PCNA-LI也显著增高,各级别组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);TGF-α蛋白表达和PCNA-LI呈正相关(r=0.864,P＜0.01),TGF-α蛋白表达强弱和PCNA-LI高低反映患者预后(P＜0.01).结论:人脑星形细胞瘤中存在TGF-α和PCNA蛋白高表达,联合检测TGF-α蛋白和PCNA-LI对评估人脑星形细胞瘤的生物学行为具有重要意义.     

脑星形细胞瘤组织p73和p53蛋白的表达

目的 :探讨脑星形细胞瘤组织p73和p5 3蛋白的表达及其与星形细胞瘤的病理发生的关系。方法 :利用免疫组化方法检测了 6 3例脑星形细胞瘤组织 (I级 8例 ,II级 2 1例 ,III级 2 4例 ,IV级 10例 )及 10例正常脑组织p73、p5 3蛋白表达。结果 :17例脑星形细胞瘤组织呈p73蛋白阳性表达 ,高病理级别的星形细胞瘤组织p73蛋白阳性表达率 (III、IV级 ,38.2 % )明显高于低病理级别的星形细胞瘤组织 (I、II级 ,13.8% ) (χ2 =4.75 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,10例正常脑组织均呈阴性表达。在 17例p73蛋白阳性表达的脑星形细胞瘤组织中 ,12例呈p5 3蛋白过度表达。结论 :野生型p73蛋白表达异常可能参与脑星形细胞瘤的病理发生 ,p5 3突变可能与p73表达异常有关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.