化痔灵片对小鼠实验性疼痛的镇痛作用

目的 观察化痔灵片对小鼠实验性疼痛的镇痛作用。方法 采用小鼠腹腔注射醋酸致痛法及小鼠热板法疼痛模型，观察化痔灵片对小鼠扭体反应次数及热痛阈值的影响。结果 化痔灵片3g／kg、10g／kg灌胃给药5d使小鼠腹腔注射0．7％（体积分数）醋酸的扭体反应次数较盐水组明显减少（P〈0．05），对扭体反应次数的抑制率分别为38．4％和46．6％；使小鼠热板法痛阈较药前显著提高（P〈0．05），药后痛阈与盐水组比较显著提高（P〈0．05）。结论 化痔灵片能显著减少小鼠腹腔注射醋酸的扭体反应次数，提高小鼠热板痛阈，提示其具有一定的镇痛作用。     

荆芥内酯聚乳酸乙醇酸纳米粒的抗炎、镇痛及解热作用

目的:研究荆芥内酯聚乳酸乙醇酸纳米粒(SCH-PLGA-NP)的初步药效学作用.方法:用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀及腹腔注射0.6%醋酸致小鼠腹腔染料渗出的方法制作急性炎症模型,观察SCH-PLGA-NP对急性炎症的影响;用醋酸致痛扭体法及热板法观察镇痛作用;用10%的干酵母混悬液致大鼠发热模型,观察SCH-PLGA-NP对酵母致大鼠发热体温的影响.结果:SCH-PLGA-NP对小鼠耳廓肿胀度和腹腔毛细血管通透性的增加有明显的抑制作用;SCH-PLGA-NP能明显减少小鼠的扭体反应数;在给药后(热板法)15,30,60 min均能显著延长小鼠疼痛反应的潜伏期,痛阙值提高;SCH-PLGA-NP对酵母致大鼠发热有明显的降低作用.结论:SCH-PLGA-NP具有较好的抗急性炎症、镇痛和解热作用,且抗炎、镇痛和解热效果明显优于游离荆芥内酯.     

大高良姜根茎提取物对小鼠的镇痛作用

目的：评价大高良姜（Alpinia galanga）根茎的乙醇提取物对小鼠的镇痛作用并推断其可能的机制。方法：使用3个实验模型分别测定大高良姜根茎提取物对白化病小鼠（体质量25～30g）的镇痛作用。热板实验中,30只小鼠被分为5组,每组6只,分别给予口服3种剂量的大高良姜根茎乙醇提取物、皮下注射吗啡以及口服2%的阿拉伯树胶,记录给药30、60、90和120min后的热板实验反应时间。纳洛酮预处理热板实验中,另外30只小鼠在给予上述药物30min之前皮下注射纳洛酮,给药种类及方式同前,热板实验反应时间记录方式同前。扭体实验中,通过腹腔注射醋酸诱导小鼠产生扭体反应,随后30只小鼠被分为5组,每组6只,分别给予口服3种剂量的大高良姜根茎乙醇提取物、阿司匹林及2%的阿拉伯树胶,每只小鼠观察15min,记录扭体次数。结果：各个时间记录点的数据表明,与对照组相比,3种剂量的大高良姜根茎乙醇提取物均显著延长了热板实验中小鼠的反应时间（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。经纳洛酮预处理后,实验组及阳性对照药吗啡组小鼠的热板实验反应时间较对应的前一实验中未经纳洛酮处理各组小鼠显著延长（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。扭体实验中,与对照组相比,3种剂量的大高良姜根茎乙醇提取物均减少了实验小鼠的扭体次数（P〈0.01）。结论：本实验证实了大高良姜根茎提取物的镇痛作用,验证了其在民族医学中治疗各种原因引起的疼痛的应用。其镇痛作用的机制可能是有效成分作用于中枢或外周神经系统     

辣椒丙酮温浸提取物镇痛作用研究

【目的】研究丙酮温浸提取工艺得到的辣椒提取物灌胃给药后的镇痛作用。【方法】以阿司匹林为阳性对照药，采用热板法、热水缩尾法和扭体法3种疼痛模型，观察辣椒提取物对小鼠疼痛反应潜伏期和小鼠扭体次数的影响。【结果】辣椒丙酮温浸提取物灌胃给药后能明显延长小鼠的疼痛反应潜伏期，减少小鼠扭体次数，且作用呈剂量相关性。【结论】辣椒丙酮温浸提取物具有显的镇痛作用。     

祛风息痛丸对小鼠实验性疼痛的镇痛作用

目的 观察祛风息痛丸的镇痛作用,为其临床应用提供一定的实验依据. 方法 制备小鼠实验性疼痛模型,观察祛风息痛丸的镇痛作用.①扭体法:取昆明种小鼠100只,随机分为5组,每组20只,雌雄各半.对照组灌胃给予生理盐水10 ml/kg;祛风息痛丸低、中、高剂量组分别灌胃祛风息痛丸0.36,1.08,3.24 g/kg.阳性对照组灌胃阿司匹林0.4 g/kg.每Et用药1次,10 d后观察各组动物腹腔注射醋酸后5-20 min内的扭体反应次数.②热板法将小鼠放在(55±1)℃的热板上,以小鼠舔后足为疼痛反应指标,观察小鼠的热痛阈值.选用痛觉阈值在5-30 s的雌性小鼠50只,随机分为5组,每组10只,分组与给药方法与①同.给药10 d后记录各组小鼠热板法痛阈值,比较各组间的差异. 结果 ①扭体法实验结果显示,祛风息痛丸0.36,1.08,3.24 g/kg灌胃10 d使腹腔注射醋酸所致的小鼠扭体反应次数较对照组明显减少,对扭体反应次数的抑制率分别为25.4%,30.0%和43.4%(P<0.05).②热板法实验结果显示,给药前各组小鼠热痛阈值无统计学差异(P>0.05);给药10 d后祛风息痛丸各剂量组小鼠热痛阈值均较给药前显著提高(P<0.05),与对照组比较,祛风息痛丸组给药后热痛阈值显著延长(P<0.05). 结论 祛风息痛丸对小鼠实验性疼痛具有良好的镇痛作用.     

竹叶莲镇痛作用的实验研究

目的 探讨竹叶莲提取物的镇痛作用.方法 采用小鼠热板法、小鼠醋酸扭体法,观察不同剂量的竹叶莲水提物对小鼠灌胃给药的镇痛作用.结果 竹叶莲水提物高、低剂量均可使热板所致小鼠舔足反应潜伏期明显延长（P＜0.01）,舔足潜伏期延长率最高达66.42％;可使醋酸所致小鼠扭体潜伏期明显延长（P＜0.05）,扭体次数明显减少（P＜0.01）,扭体抑制度最高达39.84％.结论 竹叶莲具有明显的镇痛作用.     

囊泡谷氨酸转运体抑制剂芝加哥天蓝6B的镇痛作用

目的 研究抑制囊泡谷氨酸转运体(vesicular glutamate transporters,VGLUT)功能对动物疼痛行为的影响。方法分别观察选择性VGLUT抑制剂芝加哥天蓝6B(Chicago sky blue 6B,CSB6B)对小鼠热板潜伏期、醋酸扭体次数和福尔马林所致舔足时间的影响。结果 腹腔注射CSB6B不影响小鼠热板潜伏期。小鼠醋酸扭体实验中,与溶剂对照组相比,CSB6B 2.5mg/kg腹腔注射30 min后可使小鼠扭体次数从26.50±2.97显著下降到8.22±1.90(P<0.01),腹腔注射60 min后可使小鼠扭体次数显著下降到9.60±1.84(P<0.01)。在福尔马林实验中,与溶剂对照组相比,CSB6B不影响小鼠的Ⅰ相舔足时间,CSB6B 0.5 mg/kg腹腔注射30 min后可使小鼠的Ⅱ相舔足时间从(139.40±21.02)s显著下降到(75.10±19.45)s(P<0.05),而注射2 h后对小鼠舔足时间没有显著影响。结论 抑制VGLUT功能可显著抑制炎性疼痛,提示VGLUT参与了炎性疼痛的调控,可能成为疼痛治疗的新靶点。     

大果木姜子镇痛作用活性部位筛选

目的研究大果木姜子镇痛作用的成分和机制。方法昆明种小鼠随机分为正常对照组、安慰剂组、阿司匹林组、曲马多组和大果木姜子石油醚、二氯甲烷、正丁醇提取部位的高、中、低剂量组。除正常组外,各组灌胃给药,安慰剂组灌服生理盐水。①扭体法:给药后45min腹腔注射0.6%醋酸0.2mL/g,观察记录给药后15min内小鼠扭体次数。②热板法:雌性小鼠,灌胃给药2h后,以热板法测定小鼠的痛觉反应时间。③甲醛法:给药2h后,小鼠左后足底注射20μL2.5%福尔马林,测定小鼠5～10min、20～30min的痛觉反应。结果①大果木姜子各提取部位对醋酸诱发小鼠扭体反应有显著的镇痛作用,与安慰剂组比较,石油醚提取部位对小鼠的扭体次数减少明显(P0.01)。②大果木姜子石油醚提取部位、二氯甲烷提取部位对热板法致痛有显著的镇痛作用,与安慰剂组比较,能显著提高小鼠的痛阈值(P0.01)。③大果木姜子石油醚提取部位对甲醛致痛有显著的镇痛作用,能明显减少小鼠5～10min(I相)和20～30min(II相)的痛觉反应时间,与安慰剂组比较,镇痛效果有显著性差异(P0.05或P0.01)。结论大果木姜子脂溶性成分具有镇痛作用,其镇痛作用机制可能与中枢机制有关。     

仙人掌提取物对小鼠镇痛作用的实验研究

目的　观察仙人掌提取物对小鼠的镇痛作用。方法　采用扭体法和温浴法分别对小鼠腹腔注射仙人掌提取物(仙人掌组 )、阿斯匹林 (阿司匹林组 )及等容量生理盐水 (生理盐水组 ) 1ml,仙人掌组又分别予 0 .5ml、1ml不同剂量给药 ,比较各组扭体数和痛阈潜伏期的变化。结果　以仙人掌提取物对扭体法致痛的小鼠镇痛作用明显优于阿斯匹林及生理盐水 ,χ2 分别为 4.8,15 .0 ,P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 0 1,温浴法给药后不同时间痛阈潜伏期也明显长于阿斯匹林组和生理盐水组 ,P <0 .0 5或 0 .0 1。结论　仙人掌提取物对小鼠具有显著的镇痛作用     

皱皮木瓜注射液镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究

目的 观察皱皮木瓜注射液(MGI)的镇痛抗炎作用.方法 采用热板法测定MGI对小鼠镇痛阈值的影响,扭体法测定MGI 对小鼠扭体反应的潜伏期和扭体次数的影响;观察醋酸致炎后MGI对小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性的影响;采用蛋清致大鼠足肿胀关节炎模型,观察MGI对大鼠足肿胀的影响.结果 MGI对小鼠热板法和扭体法疼痛模型均有显著镇痛作用;0.80g/kg对热板法90min时的痛阈提高率达49.5%;对醋酸致小鼠扭体疼痛痛阈提高率达88.7 %;对小鼠毛细血管通透性增高和大鼠蛋清性足肿胀均有显著的抑制作用.结论 MGI具有肯定的抗炎镇痛作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.