内镜辅助置导尿管治疗尿道球部断裂的疗效观察

目的观察内镜辅助置导尿管治疗尿道球部断裂的临床疗效。方法选取2011-12~2013-12该院收治的50例尿道球部断裂患者,采用随机单盲法分成研究组和对照组各25例。研究组给予内镜辅助置导尿管治疗,对照组给予开放性手术治疗。比较两组术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间及临床疗效。结果两组手术成功率和尿流率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论内镜辅助置导尿管治疗尿道球部断裂临床疗效显著,可有效缩短手术时间和住院时间,且术后无明显不良反应,具有临床推广应用价值。     

Basic study on anti-bacterial urethral catheter. II. Potency of a new anti-bacterial catheter and its durability in experimental models

The potency and effectiveness of an anti-bacterial catheter coated with a mixture of silver citrate, soybean lecithin and liquid silicon at the ratio of 2:2:8 were compared with those of commercially available anti-bacterial and conventional urethral catheters. This new anti-bacterial catheter showed a strong activity and excellent durability in ordinary in vitro experimental studies. In the present series we have developed new in vitro experimental models for the evaluation of anti-bacterial catheters in inhibiting bacterial ascent via intraluminal or extraluminal route. The characteristic features of the silver citrate/lecithin catheter, namely strong activity and excellent durability, were confirmed using these new models that mimic urinary catheter-associated clinical infections.     

Heart catheterization in a neonate by interacting magnetic fields: a new and simple method of catheter guidance

Catheter guidance in a critically ill neonate can be difficult and hazardous. A new technique of directing a catheter based on the interaction of magnetic fields is described. A strong external permanent magnet is moved across the body surface to control the magnetic tip of a catheter in the body. We report on the first clinical case of such a heart catheterization in a neonate with complex congenital heart disease. This method can also be used for other invasive investigations in the neonatal period.     

Management of chronic urethral symptoms in men.

We describe 20 men who were referred because of chronic urogenital symptoms. They had been previously seen by zero to six physicians (mean, 1.8 physicians) and had been treated with zero to five courses of antimicrobial agents (mean, 2.4 courses) without relief of their symptoms. Results of physical examinations of all patients were normal. An extensive evaluation failed to reveal any objective evidence of urethral inflammation. Cultures for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Trichomonas vaginalis were uniformly negative. No additional antimicrobial agents were prescribed. Data from follow-up questionnaires filled out by 10 of these men 5-28 months later (mean, 11.8 months) disclosed the disappearance of symptoms in three and the reduction of symptoms in four. Chronic urethral symptoms may occur in the absence of objective evidence of inflammation and infection with known urethral pathogens. Observation without antimicrobial therapy is the treatment of choice for such patients.     

Descending aorta thrombus in a neonate mimicking coarctation of the aorta: Mechanical thrombectomy using the AngioJet® catheter

A 5‐day‐old neonate presented in shock, with signs and symptoms of severe coarctation of the aorta. He was diagnosed with a patent aortic arch, and a completely thrombosed abdominal aorta. The authors report the successful transcatheter removal of the entire thrombus using the AngioJet^® Thrombectomy system. This represents the first published use of the AngioJet^® catheter in the aorta of a pediatric patient. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Cryptococcal meningitis in a neonate

A case of cryptococcal meningitis in a neonate born to an HIV-negative women is described. The cryptococcal infection was proved using standard microbiological and antigen detection techniques. Although cryptococcal meningitis has previously been described in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent children, the present case represents youngest case of cryptococcosis reported to date.     

Myocardial infarction in a neonate

Extensive myocardial infarction developed in a neonate, apparently as a result of paradoxical embolism from the ductus venosus. It is suggested that in instances of myocardial infarction in the very young this vessel should be examined as a possible source of the embolus.     

Myocardial infarction in a neonate

Extensive myocardial infarction developed in a neonate, apparently as a result of paradoxical embolism from the ductus venosus. It is suggested that in instances of myocardial infarction in the very young this vessel should be examined as a possible source of the embolus.     

Spongy cardiomyopathy in a neonate

Isolated noncompaction of ventricular myocardium is a rare cardiomyopathy, presumed to originate from a developmental abnormality in the evolution of the heart, and resulting in sponge-like myocardium. Isolated ventricular noncompaction can present with a variety of symptoms, but usually includes heart failure. The diagnosis is often made by echocardiography, which reveals a very distinct image of the myocardium, with many deep, confluent recesses and dense trabeculations. We encountered such findings in a moribund neonate presenting with cardiogenic shock with extremely low shortening fractions. After treatment with intravenous and oral cardiotonics, coupled with afterload reduction, we were able to optimize the balance between ventricular filling and myocardial contractility, resulting in markedly improved cardiac function as judged clinically, and as measured by echocardiography. As far as we know, this is one of the youngest patients yet reported to have a good recovery.     

Basic study on anti-bacterial urethral catheter. I. Development of a new anti-bacterial coating material for silicon catheters

In order to develop a new anti-bacterial urethral catheter, we studied anti-bacterial and anti-adherent coating material suitable for silicon catheters. Several aspects of various silver compounds were examined, including anti-bacterial activity, chemical property and toxicity. Among silver citrate, silver phosphate and silver oxide, which were found to have excellent anti-bacterial activities, silver citrate was regarded as the material of choice for anti-bacterial coating in terms of durable activity and biological safety. It was also found that several surfactants inhibited bacterial adherence to the surface of silicon catheters. Among them soybean lecithin exhibited excellent anti-adherent activity in a dose dependent manner. Finally, a mixture of silver citrate, soybean lecithin and liquid silicon at the ratio of 2:2:8 was regarded as an ideal anti-bacterial coating material for silicon catheters.     

Rhizobium radiobacter bacteremia in a neonate

Rhizobium radiobacter bacteremia is an infrequent cause of human infection. We report a rare manifestation of R. radiobacter infection in which bacteremia occurred in a newborn infant without other risk factors.     

Management of recurrent malignant pleural effusions with a tunneled indwelling pleural catheter

In this review, we report on the use of indwelling pleural catheters in the treatment of malignant pleural effusions. We describe the most commonly used catheter. Also, treatment with indwelling pleural catheters as compared to talc pleurodesis is reviewed. A comparison of efficacy, costs, effects on quality of life, and complications is made. Only one randomized controlled trial comparing the two is available up to date, but several are underway. We conclude that treatment for malignant pleural effusions with indwelling pleural catheters is a save, cost-effective, and patient-friendly method, with low complication rates.